A    NARRATIVE 


THE   CAMPAIGN 


IN  THE  SPRING  AND  SUMMER  OF  1861. 


ILLUSTRATED  WITH   A   PORTRAIT  AND  MAP. 


BY     AUGUSTUS    WOODBURY, 


CHAPLAIN  OF  THE  REGIMENT. 


PROVIDENCE: 

SIDNEYS.     R  I  33  ES 

1862. 


•  5 


Entered  according  to  Act  of  Congress,  in  the  year  1862,  by 

AUGUSTUS  WOODBURY, 
in  the  Clerk's  Office  of  the  District  Court  of  Rhode  Island. 


KNOWLES,  ANTHONY  &  CO.,  PRINTERS, 
PROVIDENCE. 


I   DEDICATE   THIS   BOOK   TO 

MAJOR  GENERAL  AMBROSE  E.  BURNSIDE, 

OUR    BELOVED    COMMANDER; 

TO    THE 

OFFICERS    AND    MEMBERS    OF    OUR    REGIMENT, 

AT  HOME  AND  ABROAD  ; 

AND  TO  THE 

trf  owr  Stable 


M123157 


PREFATORY   NOTE. 


IN  the  little  volume,  which  I  give  to  the  public, 
I  have  aimed  simply  to  write  a  familiar  and  faithful 
account  of  the  campaign  of  the  First  Regiment 
Rhode  Island  Detached  Militia.  In  the  compilation 
of  the  Appendix,  I  desire  to  express  my  obligations 
to  Adjutant  General  MAURAN  and  his  assistants,  for 
ready  access  to  the  muster  rolls  and  other  documents 
pertaining  to  the  Rhode  Island  Regiments  now  in  the 
field;  and  to  the  many  friends  in  Newport,  Paw- 
tucket,  Westerly,  Woonsocket  and  Providence,  who 
have  kindly  assisted  me  in  obtaining  information  re 
specting  the  members  of  our  Regiment  that  have 
again  entered  the  service  of  the  country. 


CONTENTS. 


I.  FORMATION  AND  DEPARTURE  OF  THE  REGI 
MENT  1 

II.  MARCH  TO  WASHINGTON  AND  ARRIVAL  AT 

THAT    CITY  .  .  ,  .18 

III.  CAMP  LIFE  .         .         .  *      .         .30 

IV.  EXPEDITION  TOWARDS  HARPER'S  FERRY      56 
V.  CAMP  LIFE  RESUMED  .         .        .68 

VI.  BATTLE  OF  BULL  RUN          ...       74 
VII.  CONCLUSION          .        .        .        ,        .138 
APPENDIX 

A. — THE  THREE  MONTHS'  VOLUNTEERS  147 

B.— THE  SEA  GULL  AND  HER  CARGO     .  151 

C.— THE  DEAD 154 

D.— BOLL  OF  THE  REGIMENT         .       .  109 

E.— FINAL  PARADE 232 

F.— THE  REGIMENTAL  FLAGS         .       .  239 

G. — MISCELLANEOUS         ....  248 

ADDENDA     .        .        .  259 


CAMPAIGN 

OF  THE 

FIRST     REOIMENT. 


I. 

FORMATION  AND  DEPARTURE. 

WHEN  the  first  of  April,  1861,  dawned  upon 
the  people  of  the  United  States,  it  found  them 
in  a  feverish  and  excited  condition.  Seven 
States  had  already  declared  themselves  in 
dependent  of  the  Government  of  the  Union, 
and  had  combined  to  form  a  provisional  gov 
ernment.  It  .was  very  well  understood,  that 
four  more  were  only  waiting  for  a  pretext 
to  engage  in  the  same  revolutionary  ac 
tion.  The  property  of  the  Government,  in 
localities  favorable  to  the  insurgents,  had 
been  seized  and  appropriated  to  the  use  of 
the  rebellious  States.  A  president  of  the 
United  States  had  been  inaugurated  amid 
circumstances  of  extraordinary  peril  •  and  it 
was  matter  of  doubt  in  the  minds  of  many, 


1*81  V  :  .FJ.RST RHODE  ISLAND  REGIMENT. 

whether  he  and  the  cabinet  which  he  formed 
had  sufficient  firmness,  courage,  patriotism 
and  good  sense,  to  guide  the  ship  of  State  out 
from  the  midst  of  the  breakers  among  which 
she  had  unhappily  been  driven. 

But  the  interest  of  the  nation  centred  at  a 
small  fort  in  the  harbor  of  Charleston,  South 
Carolina,  garrisoned  by  less  than  a  hundred 
men.  It  was  known  that  this  little  fortifica 
tion,  over  whose  ramparts  still  floated,  de 
fiantly  to  all  sedition  and  rebellion,  the  Stars 
and  Stripes,  was  surrounded  by  batteries  ready 
to  open  fire  upon  its  devoted  walls.  Would 
Sumter  be  re-inforced  ?  Would  it  be  supplied 
with  provisions  ?  Would  it  be  evacuated  ? 
The  administration  determined  to  throw  sup 
plies  into  the  fort,  if  possible,  and,  at  the  same 
time,  to  re-info rce  Fort  Pickens,  in  the  harbor 
of  Pensacola,  which  had  not  yet  been  seized. 
Notice  of  the  intention  to  do  the  first  was 
served  upon  the  government  of  the  State  of 
South  Carolina.  It  was  the  signal  for  the 
commencement  of  hostilities.  On  Friday, 
April  12th,  the  bombardment  of  Fort  Sumter 
began.  For  more  than  thirty  hours,  the  brave 
Anderson,  with  his  company  of  soldiers,  sus- 


FORMATION  AND  DEPARTURE.  O 

tained  the  assault.  At  last,  human  strength 
could  endure  no  longer,  and,  on  Saturday, 
April  13th?  the  flag  of  the  United  States  was 
lowered  before  the  overwhelming  forces  of 
rebels  in  arms.  The  intelligence  was  flashed 
through  the  country.  It  was  like  the  fiery 
cross  hurrying  through  the  clans  of  Scotland. 
The  Southern  press  boldly  avowed  the  inten 
tion  of  the  rebels  to  seize  the  capital  of  the 
nation.  President  Lincoln  issued  his  procla 
mation  for  seventy-five  thousand  volunteers 
to  defend  the  city  of  Washington.*  He  called 
upon  Congress  to  meet.  He  bade  the  rebel 
lious  forces  of  the  South  to  lay  down  their 
arms  and  disperse.  It  was  like  the  peal  of  a 
trumpet.  The  people  of  the  North  rushed  to 
arms.  By  Wednesday,  Pennsylvania,  New 
York,  Massachusetts,  had  their  men  ready  for 
departure.  On  Thursday,  the  Sixth  Massa 
chusetts  Regiment  marched  down  Broadway, 
and  on  Friday,  after  consecrating  anew  the 
19th  of  April,  by  dyeing  the  streets  of  Balti 
more  with  the  blood  of  Massachusetts  pa 
triots,  the  regiment  entered  the  Capital.  The 

*  See  Appendix  A. 


4  FIRST  RHODE  ISLAND  REGIMENT. 

Seventh  New  York  and  the  Eighth  Massa 
chusetts  followed  as  far  as  Perry ville.  But 
there,  information  was  received  that  the 
bridges  between  that  place  and  Baltimore  had 
been  destroyed  ;  and,  taking  possession  of  a 
steamer,  they  proceeded  to  Annapolis. 

Meanwhile  the  State  of  Rhode  Island  had 
not  been  idle.  Governor  Sprague,  in  common 
with  the  authorities  of  other  loyal  States,  had 
already,  with  commendable  promptness,  of 
fered  the  services  of  the  State  militia  to  the 
president.*  Immediately  after  the  reception 
of  Mr.  Lincoln's  proclamation,  the  General 
Assembly  was  convened.  A  liberal  bounty 
was  voted,  and  provision  was  made  by  the 
generosity  of  the  authorities  for  the  enlist- 


*  This  offer  of  troops  was  made  to  Mr.  Buchanan,  who  saw 
fit  to  reject  it.  It  was  afterwards  made  to  Mr.  Lincoln.  On  the 
12th  of  January,  1861,  Secretary  Bartlett  wrote  to  the  Secretary 
of  War,  that  Rhode  Island  would  do  its  utmost  to  assist  the 
Government.  January  15th,  Col,  William  Goddard,  of  the 
Governor's  staff,  reached  Washington,  with  the  tender  of  1000 
men  and  a  battery  of  light  artillery,  and  was  favorably  received 
by  Gen.  Scott.  January  llth,  the  legislature  of  the  State  of 
New  York  voted  to  tender  the  whole  military  power  of  the 
State  to  the  president.  January  18th,  the  legislature  of  Massa 
chusetts  passed  a  similar  vote.  January  16th,  Maj.  Gen.  Sand- 
ford,  of  New  York  city,  tendered  a  division  of  7000  men. 


FORMATION  AND  DEPARTURE.  5 

ment  of  a  regiment  of  infantry  and  a  battery 
of  light  artillery.  Ambrose  E.  Burnside,  Esq., 
then  treasurer  of  the  Illinois  Central  Railroad 
Co.,  and  residing  in  the  city  of  New  York, 
was  appointed  Colonel  of  the  First  Regiment, 
which  was  to  proceed  immediately  to  the 
scene  of  action  ;  and,  under  his  direction,  its 
equipment  rapidly  proceeded.  It  was  a 
memorable  week  for  our  city  and  our  State. 
The  streets  of  Providence  resounded  with  the 
tramp  of  armed  men  and  the  notes  of  martial 
music.  The  vestries  of  the  churches,  halls, 
private  dwellings,  were  filled  with  women  at 
work  upon  the  outfit  of  the  soldiers.  Two 
thousand  five  hundred  men  volunteered  for 
the  defence  of  the  Government.  The  villages 
vied  with  the  cities,  and  each  community  fur 
nished  its  representatives  for  the  maintenance 
of  their  country's  institutions.  Young  men, 
buoyant  with  hope  ;  middle-aged  men,  who* 
felt  the  fire  of  patriotism  kindling  their  hearts; 
men,  who  had  passed  the  time  allotted  by  law 
for  the  period  of  military  service, — were  alike 
moved,  as  by  one  common  impulse,  and  sought 
to  find  a  place  where  they  could  do  something 
for  the  common  weal.  Men  of  all  ranks  and 
1* 


FIRST  RHODE  ISLAND  REGIMENT. 

conditions  stood  side  by  side  in  this  great 
movement.  The  young  millionaire,  who  had 
never  been  taught  or  accustomed  to  perform 
a  single  labor  for  himself;  the  darling  of  for 
tune,  with  the  tastes  of  a  Sybarite  and  the 
pride  of  a  gentleman ;  the  student  from  col 
lege  shades  and  the  seclusion  of  the  scholar's 
cloister  •  the  thrifty  mechanic,  whose  daily 
toil  was  cheered  by  the  affections  that  bright 
ened  his  humble  home  ;  the  laborer,  bronzed 
by  his  daily  tasks  ;  the  exile  from  beyond  the 
sea,  who  had  seen  service  on  the  battle-fields 
of  Europe,  and  wore  the  honorable  scars  of  a 
soldier  who  had  fought  for  freedom, — all  were 
there,  eager  for  the  opportunities  of  duty,  and 
ready  to  imperil  life,  fortune — everything  but 
honor — in  the  cause  of  liberty  and  law.  It 
seemed  as  though  both  the  artificial  and  the 
natural  distinctions  of  society  had  been,  for  the 
time,  abrogated,  and  the  barriers  broken  down 
in  the  hour  of  the  nation's  emergency.  The 
inborn  humanity  of  us  all  stood  manifest  to 
the  day.  Class,  caste,  sect,  party,  were  all 
forgotten.  Eich  and  poor,  native  and  for 
eigner,  Protestant  and  Catholic,  Radical  and 
Conservative.  Republican  and  Democrat,  alike 


FORMATION  AND  DEPARTURE.  7 

felt  the  mighty  impulse.  Before  this  fresh 
gale  of  loyalty,  the  prejudices  of  men  were 
scattered  and  swept  away  as  mists  before  the 
morning  breeze. 

Of  the  numerous  body  of  men  that  pre 
sented  themselves  for  the  service  of  their 
country,  twelve  hundred  were  selected  to 
compose  the  battery  of  artillery  and  the 
regiment  of  infantry,  that  had  been  offered  to 
the  Government.  The  battery,  under  com 
mand  of  Captain  C.  H.  Tompkins,  and  accom 
panied  by  the  Lieutenant  Governor  elect, 
Hon.  Samuel  G.  Arnold,  left  Providence  on 
Thursday,  April  18th,  for  Easton,  Pennsylva 
nia,  in  order  to  perfect  its  recruits  in  drill  be 
fore  entering  upon  the  active  service  that  was 
anticipated.  On  Saturday,  April  20th,  the 
first  detachment  of  the  regiment  of  infantry, 
a  detail  from  ten  companies,  numbering  five 
hundred  and  forty-four  officers  and  men, 
accompanied  by  the  Governor,  and  Cols.  Ly- 
man  B.  Frieze  and  William  Goddard,  of  his 
personal  staff,  departed  for  the  seat  of  war.* 


*  By  the  provisions  of  the  law,  under  which  the  First  Eegi- 
ment  was  detached,  and  sent  to  Washington,  the  Governor  of 


8  FIRST  RHODE  ISLAND  REGIMENT. 

The  regiment  of  infantry  was  composed  of 
ten  companies,  from  the  following  cities  and 
towns,  viz. : — Providence,  Newport,  Pawtuck- 
et,  Westerly  and  Woonsocket.  Providence 
furnished  six  companies,  viz.  : — "  First  Light 
Infantry,"  two,  C  and  D;  "Mechanics  Rifles," 
two,  G  and  H;  "National  Cadets,"  one,  A;  "Ar 
tillery,"  one,  B.  Newport  furnished  one  com 
pany  ;  "Artillery,"  F.  Pawtucket,  one,  "  Light 
Guard,"  E.  Westerly,  one,  "  Rifles,"  I ;  and 
Woonsocket,  one,  "  Guards,"  K.  The  relative 
rank  of  the  company  officers  was  determined 
by  lot,  in  Providence,  as  follows,  viz.  : — 1. 
Capt.  Arthur  F.  Dexter,  Co.  A,  with  its  post 
on  the  right  flank  ;  2.  Capt.  Nathaniel  W. 
Brown,  Co.  D,  on  the  left  flank  ;  3.  Captain 
George  W.  Tew,  Co.  F,  color  company,  in  the 
centre;  4.  Capt.  William  W.  Brown,  Co.  C, 
third  in  line  ;  5.  Capt.  Nicholas  Van  Slyck, 
Co.  B,  seventh  in  line  ;  6.  Capt.  Stephen  R. 
Bucklin,  Co.  E,  second  in  line;  7.  Capt.  Charles 


the  State  was  placed  in  command  of  the  troops,  till  they  should 
be  mustered  into  the  service  of  the  United  States,  when,  of 
course,  his  authority  ceased.  Gov.  Sprague's  counsel,  how 
ever,  was  frequently  sought  by  Col.  Burnside,  and  was  always 
cheerfully  given. 


FORMATION  AND  DEPARTURE.  9 

W.  H.  Day,  Co.  H,  ninth  in  line ;  8.  Capt.  Peter 
Simpson,  Co.  K,  sixth  in  line  ;  9.  Capt.  Henry 
C.  Card,  Co.  I,  fourth  in  line  ;  10.  Capt.  John 
T.  Pitman,  Co.  G,*  eighth  in  line.  The  bat 
tery  was  the  Providence  Marine  Corps  of  Ar- 
tillery,t  recruited  to  its  complete  strength. 
It  is  a  curious  and  significant  fact,  that  the 
names  of  several  of  the  officers  of  this  regi 
ment  are  identical  with  those  of  the  officers 
in  the  early  regiments  of  the  Revolution. 
Among  the  officers  of  independent  companies, 
elected  June,  1775,  are  those  bearing  the 


*  Capt.  David  A.  Peloubet  went  out  in  command  of  Co.  G, 
but  was  detached  at  Annapolis. 

f  The  caissons,  battery  wagons,  and  the  different  materiel 
belonging  to  this  company,  had  been  put  in  complete  order, 
during  the  winter  of  1860-61,  chiefly  through  the  exertions  of 
Mr.  George  H.  Smith,  Quartermaster  of  the  company.  It  was 
mainly  owing  to  Mr.  Smith's  indefatigable  labors,  that  the  Ma 
rine  Corps  of  Artillery  was  ready  to  move  at  the  short  notice 
which  it  received.  The  caissons,  forges,  guns,  &c.,  passed 
through  the  summer  campaign ;  were  transferred  to  Capt.  Rey 
nolds'  company  after  the  Battle  of  Bull  Run ;  were  engaged  at 
Poolesville,  Harper's  Ferry,  Bolivar  and  vicinity,  during  the 
following  winter  ;  and  were  used  in  Gen.  McClellan's  advance 
to  Richmond,  in  the  spring  and  summer  of  1362.  This  severe 
usage  they  have  borne,  with  scarcely  a  necessity  for  repair,  so 
thoroughly  was  the  labor  performed  before  they  left  Rhode 
Island. 


10  FIRST  RHODE  ISLAND  REGIMENT. 

names  of  Pitman,  Warner,  Wheaton,  Bucklin, 
Tower,  Harris,  Knight  and  Allen.  Upon  the 
list  of  "officers  of  a  regiment  raised  January, 
1776,  are  the  names  of  Dexter,  Tew,  Slocum, 
Sprague,  Reynolds  and  Carr.  There  was  a 
Colonel  Nathaniel  Brown  among  the  Revolu 
tionary  officers,  who  was  represented  by  the 
Captain  of  Company  D,  now  Colonel  of  the 
Third  Regiment  of  Rhode  Island  Heavy  Artil 
lery,  at  Port  Royal,  S.  C.  There  was  also  a 
Lieutenant  Zephaniah  Brown,  who,  in  our 
regiment,  found  a  representative  in  the  Second 
Lieutenant  of  Company  C — an  officer  that 
added  fresh  honor  to  his  ancestry  and  name. 
Thus,  the  spirit  of  the  heroes  of  the  Revolu 
tion  lived  again  in  their  descendants.  The 
valor  of  those  was  needed  to  found  an  empire 
of  freemen  ;  the  valor  of  these  to  preserve  it. 
Both  went  forth  from  their  homes  at  the  sa 
cred  call  of  duty.  Animated  by  the  same 
deep  love  of  country,  the  sons  proved  them 
selves  worthy  of  their  sires. 

It  seemed  as  though  almost  the  entire  popu 
lation  of  the  State  of  Rhode  Island  crowded 
the  streets  of  Providence,  to  witness  the  de 
parture  of  this  gallant  band  of  soldiers,  and  to 


FORMATION  AND  DEPARTURE.        11 

bid  them  God-speed  upon  their  dangerous 
enterprise.  The  wharves,  the  heights  upon 
the  shores  of  the  harbor,  and  the  coasts  of 
Narragansett  Bay,  were  covered  with  specta 
tors.  Cannon  belched  forth  its  thunder. 
Cheers  of  men  rent  the  air.  The  prayers  and 
blessings  of  tearful  women  consecrated  the 
hour.  As  the  steamer,  in  which  the  command 
had  embarked,  left  the  bay,  and  entered  upon 
the  waters  beyond,  the  boom  of  the  heavy 
columbiads  upon  the  parapet  of  Fort  Adams 
announced  to  those  upon  the  sea  and  those 
upon  the  land,  that  the  shores  of  Rhode  Is 
land  had  been  left,  perhaps  forever,  by  the 
flower  of  her  youth  and  the  prime  of  her 
manhood.  The  sun  went  down  in  splendor ; 
the  moon  cast  her  silvery  sheen  across  the 
waters ;  prayers  were  breathed  from  devout 
hearts,  and  the  stillness  of  night  reigned 
through  the  crowded  vessel. 

Sunday  was  spent  on  board  the  transport, 
in  the  harbor  of  New  York.  The  great 
city  had  reached  the  climax  of  enthusiasm. 
The  flag  of  the  United  States  was  floating 
from  every  prominent  point.  The  spires  of 
the  churches  bore  the  Stars  and  Stripes  only 


12  FIRST  RHODE  ISLAND  REGIMENT. 

below  the  cross,  and  the  pulpits  were  draped 
with  the  national  banner.  It  was  known  that 
several  New  York  and  Massachusetts  regi 
ments  were  preparing  for  embarkation.  Four 
or  five  ocean  steamers  were  taking  on  board 
their  supplies  for  a  voyage  to  Washington. 
As  soon  as  they  were  ready,  they  were  to  sail 
under  convoy  of  the  Harriet  Lane.  The  fleet 
got  under  way  late  in  the  afternoon.  The 
Ehode  Islanders,  transferred  to  the  steamer 
Coatzacoalcos,  soon  followed.  Heaven  seemed 
to  smile  propitiously  upon  our  expedition. 
The  south  wind  breathed  softly  across  the  sea. 
The  sun  rose  and  set  in  a  cloudless  sky.  The 
watchful  stars  looked  down  upon  us  in  peace. 
The  white  sails  of  homeward  bound  ships, 
approaching  a  land  convulsed  with  civil  war. 
and  of  those  outward  bound,  carrying  to  the 
nations  the  unwelcome  tidings  of  our  intes 
tine  strife,  gleamed  across  the  waters. 

During  the  afternoon  of  Monday,  a  little  tug 
came  dancing  over  the  billows,  bearing  the 
ilag  of  the  Union.  She  came  up  under  our 
quarter,  spoke  us,  communicated  the  intelli 
gence  of  the  destruction  of  our  navy  yard  at 
Norfolk,  by  our  own  government, then  steamed 


FORMATION  AND  DEPARTURE.  13 

away  again  for  New  York.  Before  the  close 
of  day,  we  came  in  sight  of  the  capes  of  Vir 
ginia.  At  nightfall,  we  were  within  Lynn 
Haven  Roads.  But,  as  the  shadows  deepened, 
we  looked  in  vain  for  the  beacon  lights  by 
which  the  skilful  sailor  lays  his  course.  They 
had  been  extinguished  or  misplaced,  and  at 
any  time  we  might  be  among  the  breakers  or 
exposed  to  capture  by  the  forces  of  an  enemy. 
It  was  useless  to  proceed  farther,  and  the  ship 
soon  swung  idly  at  her  anchors. 

As  can  easily  be  imagined,  the  night  was 
anxiously  spent  by  those  who  were,  at  the 
best,  but  novices  in  warfare.  A  hostile  shore 
was  but  a  few  miles  distant  on  either  side. 
The  rebel  government  had  issued  letters  of 
marque.  There  were  but  one  or  two  war 
vessels,  belonging  to  our  own  government,  in 
this  vicinity,  and  the  alarm  indicated  by  the 
recent  destruction  of  the  neighboring  navy 
yard,  might  embolden  the  foe  to  the  perform 
ance  of  desperate  deeds.  What  could  pre 
vent  the  destruction  of  the  whole  fleet  of 
transports  by  a  sudden  attack  of  armed  boats 
from  the  Virginia  shore  ?  Might  not  the  guns 
of  Fortress  Monroe  be  avoided  by  some  bold 
2 


14  FIRST  RHODE  ISLAND  REGIMENT. 

privateer  ?  Indeed,  did  we  still  possess  the 
fortress  ?  Every  precaution  was  taken  against 
surprise.  Ammunition  was  liberally  distribu 
ted  to  the  troops.  The  trustiest  and  most 
faithful  men  were  stationed  as  guards,  upon 
the  most  exposed  parts  of  the  ship,  and  those 
who  were  off  duty  lay  with  their  arms  by  their 
sides.  But  nature  asserted  her  power,  and 
the  tramp  of  the  sentinels  upon  the  hurricane 
deck  soon  became  indistinct,  and  was  lost  as 
grateful  sleep  closed  our  eyes. 

The  next  day  dawned  bright  and  beautiful 
as  its  predecessors.  There  had  been  no  alarm 
during  the  night,  and,  at  an  early  hour,  the 
ship  proceeded  on  her  way.  There,  at  last, 
are  the  stone  walls  of  the  fortress.  There  is 
the  flag-staff.  Thank  God  !  there  is  the  glo 
rious  old  flag  still  flying  from  its  head !  And 
there  also  is  a  Massachusetts  regiment  to  re 
inforce  its  garrison, — the  old  Bay  State  always 
ahead.  The  sloop-of-war  Cumberland  lay 
there,  too,  and  the  Baltic,  which  had  arrived 
before  dark  the  day  previous,  with  her  decks 
crowded  with  a  thousand  men  and  more,  who 
were  to  be  our  companions  on  the  march  and 
in  the  field.  A  boat  or  two,  with  naval  offi- 


FORMATION  AND  DEPARTURE.  15 

cers  on  board,  went  from  ship  to  ship  with 
measured  oars.  The  Harriet  Lane  came  in 
sight  to  windward,  with  our  consorts.  We 
received  our  orders  for  Annapolis,,  and  were 
soon  steaming  on  the  way.  Up  Chesapeake 
Bay,  through  the  hours  of  that  genial  day,  we 
sailed — four  large  vessels  filled  with  soldiers? 
and  the  trim  and  graceful  little  cutter  leading 
the  van.  Occasional  snatches  of  song,  cheers, 
and  friendly  hails  were  sent  from  vessel  to  ves 
sel;  bayonets  and  arms  glistened  in  the  sun 
light  as  the  men  were  mustered  upon  deck  and 
drilled  in  preparation  for  their  expected  ser 
vice  ;  the  shores  of  Maryland,  houses,  trees, 
vessels,  loomed  up  in  strange  mirage,  in  con 
stantly  varying  forms.  The  day  wore  on  in 
social,  pleasant  chat,  not  unmingled  with  se 
rious  words,  as  we  thought  of  the  mission  upon 
which  we  had  been  sent. 

The  twilight  of  Tuesday  found  us  entering 
Annapolis  Roads,  and  the  fleet  was  anchored 
in  the  close  vicinity  of  our  convoy  and  the 
frigate  Constitution.  The  next  day  was 
passed  in  comparative  idleness.  We  went  up 
to  the  harbor  of  the  Maryland  city,  and  pre 
pared  to  go  on  shore.  But  owing  to  the  un- 


16  FIRST  EHODE  ISLAls7D  REGIMENT. 

avoidable  delay,  incident  to  all  military  move 
ments,  and  a  smart  shower  of  rain,  which  was 
opportune  for  our  next  day's  march,  but 
vastly  inconvenient  for  our  present  disem 
barkation,  we  did  not  land  the  troops  until 
an  hour  in  the  afternoon  too  late  for  any  fur 
ther  progress.  We  found  the  town  in  posses 
sion  of  our  forces,  with  General  Butler,  of 
Massachusetts,  in  command.  But  the  only 
place  from  which  our  flag  could  be  seen,  was 
that  occupied  by  the  United  States  Naval 
Academy.  The  Seventh  New  York  had  been 
there,  but  had  gone,  on  the  day  before,  with 
the  Eighth  Massachusetts.  Wonderful  stories 
were  told  of  the  Conduct  of  the  troops — how 
some  of  the  Massachusetts  men  had  found  a 
disabled  locomotive  which  they  themselves 
had  manufactured  in  more  peaceful  times,  in 
some  machine  shop  at  Lowell  or  Lawrence, 
and  now  repaired  it ;  how  the  Marblehead 
men,  with  their  maritime  experience,  had 
gone  to  the  help  of  the  cadets  of  the  Naval 
School,  and  had  succeeded  in  getting  the 
Constitution  over  the  bar ;  how  the  two  regi 
ments  had  gone  away  together — the  dainty 
gentlemen  of  New  York  with  the  hardy  me- 


FORMATION  AND  DEPARTURE.  17 

clianics  of  Essex  county — to  repair  the  rail 
road  which  disloyal  hands  had  attempted  to 
destroy,  or  to  fight  their  way  through  to 
Washington,  if  necessary.  Then  came  rumors 
of  a  skirmish  on  the  road,  and  some  credulous 
individual  had  even  heard  of  two  or  three  of 
the  wounded  men  that  had  been  brought  back. 
Then  again,  a  crossing  had  been  made  on  the 
lower  Potomac,  and  some  Southern  general 
was  marching  through  the  State  of  Maryland, 
to  cut  off  the  communications  of  Washington 
with  the  North.  We  paid  but  little  attention 
to  these  rumors,  and  prepared  to  pass  the 
night  in  quiet.  We  were  most  kindly  re 
ceived  by  the  officers  of  the  Naval  School,  and 
several  unoccupied  buildings  were  placed  at 
our  disposal.  That  night,  we  had  our  first 
experience  of  sleeping  on  the  soft  side  of  a 
hard  pine  floor. 


18  FIRST  RHODE  ISLAND  REGDIENT. 


II. 

MARCH  TO  WASHINGTON  AND  ARRIVAL  AT  THAT  CITY. 

THURSDAY  morning,  the  regiment  was  early 
astir.  Most  of  our  baggage  and  stores  were 
left  on  board  the  transport,  to  be  afterwards 
conveyed  to  Washington.  Sundry  broken- 
down  horses  and  mules,  with  a  few  rickety 
carts,  were  procured  at  fabulous  prices  to 
carry  the  remainder  which  could  not  be  taken 
with  our  own  teams,  and  we  got  off  upon  the 
road  at  five  o'clock.  The  Seventy-first  New 
York  preceded  us  about  an  hour.  The  day 
was  clear  and  bracing,  and  the  march  was 
really  a  delightful  experience.  No  enemy 
appeared  to  oppose  our  progress,  and  the  day 
passed  without  adventure.  But  not,  however, 
without  accident.  Private  William  Gallagher, 
belonging  to  Company  A,  fell  from  a  fence 
during  a  temporary  halt,  and  broke  one  of  his 
legs.  He  continued  to  be  an  invalid  during 
our  whole  term  of  service.  But  the  genuine 


MARCH  TO  WASHINGTON.  19 

bravery,  with  which  he  bore  the  pain  and  con 
finement,  is  worthy  of  all  praise. 

The  country  through  which  we  marched 
was  almost  entirely  deserted.  Occasionally, 
a  horseman  would  pass  us  on  the  road,  whose 
dark  and  scowling  looks  betokened  that,  at 
least,  he  was  no  friend  to  the  soldiers  who 
occupied  the  highway,  or  to  the  cause  in  which 
they  were  engaged.  At  times,  indeed,  our 
salutations  were  returned  with  an  air,  in  which 
a  wish  not  to  be  outdone  in  politeness  by  the 
"  vulgar  Yankees,"  and  a  secret  though  hearty 
execration  upon  our  enterprise,  were  curious 
ly  mingled.  Again,  we  were  told  that  we 
never  should  reach  Washington  alive,  and  the 
wish  was  manifestly  "  father  to  the  thought." 
From  one  or  two  houses,  only,  were  we  greeted 
With  any  show  of  cordiality.  Thus  we  plod 
ded  our  way  along,  overtaking  the  Seventy- 
first  about  noon,  at  a  place  some  seven  or 
eight  miles  from  Annapolis,  where  they  had 
halted  for  rest.  An  hour  or  two  of  repose 
freshened  the  men  again,  and  the  march  was 
resumed, — this  time  with  the  Ehode  Island 
regiment  in  advance.  Another  halt  was  made 
at  a  late  hour  in  the  afternoon,  when  we 


20  FIRST  RHODE  ISLAND  REGIMENT. 

pushed  on  once  more  for  a  suitable  locality 
for  passing  the  night.  The  place  selected  for 
our  bivouac  was  reached  by  the  head  of  the 
column  about  eight  o'clock  in  the  evening. 
The  rear  guard,  with  the  baggage,  came  up 
two  hours  later.  But  for  the  last  few  hours, 
suspicious  signs  had  been  observed  upon  the 
heights  that  bordered  the  road.  Columns  of 
smoke  had  been  seen  rising  from  different 
points,  as  though  signal  fires  were  lighted  as 
we  passed.  But  no  attack  was  made,  and  the 
regiment  passed  the  night  in  safety. 

Upon  this  day's  march  the  duties  of  the 
rear  guard,  Co.  I,  of  Westerly,  were  exces 
sively  onerous.  For  the  last  seven  or  eight 
miles,  the  roads  were  in  extremely  bad  con 
dition,  being  narrow,  sandy  and  difficult  for 
men  and  horses.  The  wagons  brought  from 
Providence,  and  the  miserable  carts  purchased 
at  Annapolis,  were  not  sufficiently  strong  for 
the  transportation  of  heavy  stores,  and  the 
march  was  delayed,  from  time  to  time,  by  the 
breaking  of  harnesses,  and  the  refractory  con 
duct  of  horses  and  mules.  But  the  persever 
ance  and  energy  of  our  men  overcame  every 
obstacle,  and  their  efforts  were  rewarded  by  a 


MARCH  TO  WASHINGTON.  21 

well-earned  success.  Col.  Burnside,  in  his 
report  to  the  Governor,  pays  the  following 
merited  compliment  to  the  rear  guard  : — 

66  It  gives  me  the  utmost  pleasure  to  ex 
press  the  great  satisfaction  which  I  feel,  re 
specting  the  vigilance  and  fidelity  with  which 
Capt.  Card  and  his  company  performed  the 
hazardous  and  difficult  duty  incident  to  their 
position  in  the  column  of  march.  To.  Col. 
William  Goddard  was  assigned  the  direction 
of  the  baggage-train,  and  the  admirable  man 
ner  in  which  this  responsible  post  was  filled 
deserves  the  highest  commendation." 

The  scene  of  the  bivouac,  as  it  then  ap 
peared,  was  highly  picturesque.  An  open 
field,  a  few  acres  in  extent,  lay  upon  the  side 
of  the  road,  protected  in  the  rear  by  a  dense 
wood  and  having  the  railroad  in  front.  A 
house  stood  near,  a  sort  of  cross  between  a 
corner  grocery,  a  grog-shop,  a  tavern,  a  rail 
road  station  and  a  farm-house,  but  an  un 
doubted  rendezvous  of  secessionists,  several 
of  whom  collected  during  the  night.  Our 
force,  good  equipment  and  vigilance  forbade 
any  attempt  upon  us,  even  if  it  had  been  de 
vised.  As  this  was  the  point  at  which  we  had 


22  FIRST  RHODE  ISLAND  REGIMENT. 

been  told  that  an  attack  would  be  made,  and 
as  here  we  were  informed  that  there  were 
several  hundred  armed  men  a  mile  or  two 
distant,  who  only  awaited  an  opportunity  to 
assail  an  inferior  force,  the  utmost  precaution 
was  deemed  necessary.  Sentinels  were  sta 
tioned  in  the  woods,  along  the  railroad  track, 
and  around  the  house,  which  was  now  occu 
pied  by  the  Governor,  the  staff  officers  and 
the  sick  and  disabled  men.  The  ground  of 
the  bivouac  was  held  by  the  different  com 
panies  in  proper  order ;  camp  fires  were 
lighted,  and  the  men  were  grouped  around 
them,  wrapped  in  their  red  blankets  and  with 
their  muskets  within  ready  grasp.  The  moon, 
just  past  her  full,  poured  down  a  flood  of  soft 
light ;  the  whippoorwill  from  the  neighboring 
forest  sent  forth  her  plaintive  note ;  the  sen 
tinels  slowly  paced  to  and  fro  by  the  roadside 
and  among  the  trees ;  the  camp  fires  burnt 
brightly,  and  when,  in  the  night,  the  Seventy- 
first  marched  by,  and  a  portion  of  a  Massa 
chusetts  regiment  passed  in  the  railroad  train 
which  had  been  extemporized  for  the  occa 
sion,  they  described  the  scene  as  strikingly 
impressive  and  beautiful.  Three  o'clock  in 


MARCH  TO  WASHINGTON.  23 

the  morning,  was  the  hour  appointed  for  our 
departure,  and  at  that  time  every  man  was 
awake.  Provisions  had  been  served  to  the 
men  the  evening  previous,  and  I  have  lively 
recollections  of  some  excellent  hot  roasted 
potatoes  and  salt,  enjoyed  near  the  camp  fire 
of  Company  C,  about  midnight,  and  a  most 
villainous  breakfast  in  the  neighboring  house 
an  hour  or  two  later.  To  every  question,  on 
the  day  previous,  as  to  the  distance  to  our 
destination — the  Junction  of  the  Annapolis 
Branch  and  Baltimore  and  Ohio  Eailroads — 
the  invariable  answer  was,  "nine  miles,"  and 
the  poet  of  the  Seventy-first  afterwards  im 
proved  the  occasion.  We  supposed,  therefore^ 
that  we  had  a  long  march  before  us.  We 
found  we  had  been  deceived,  and  after  a  short 
hour's  march,  upon  a  road  leading  through 
deserted  plantations,  we  reached  the  railroad 
station.  We  found  the  Junction  in  the  pos 
session  of  the  Seventy-first,  and  the  almost 
ubiquitous  Massachusetts  troops.  By  ten 
o'clock,  the  regiment,  with  its  baggage,  was 
placed  upon  and  in  the  cars,  and,  two  hours 
later,  we  were  in  Washington,  finding  quar 
ters  at  the  Patent  Office.  The  Seventh  New 


24  FIRST  RHODE  ISLAND  REGIMENT. 

York  had  reached  there  the  day  before  ;  part 
of  the  Eighth  Massachusetts  that  had  been 
guarding  the  railroad,  were  on  the  train  with 
us,  and  we,  with  them,  were  welcomed  with 
every  expression  of  delight  by  the  loyal  citi 
zens  of  the  Capital. 

Washington  was  like  a  beleaguered  city. 
For  nearly  a  week,  all  communication  with 
the  North  had  been  cut  off.  Since  the  arrival 
of  the  Sixth  Massachusetts,  on  Friday,  the 
19th,  up  to  the  arrival  of  the  Seventh  New 
York  and  Eighth  Massachusetts,  on  Thursday, 
the  25th,  nothing  whatever  had  been  known 
of  the  doings  of  the  loyal  States.  How  the 
President's  proclamation  had  been  received, 
and  what  response  the  people  were  disposed 
to  give  to  it,  were  matters  only  of  conjecture. 
A  hostile  city,  held  in  subjection  by  the  ter 
rors  of  a  mob,  lay  between  the  capital  and  the 
free  States.  It  was  feared  that  the  scenes  of 
the  19th  would  be  re-enacted,  on  the  occasion 
of  the  passage  of  every  regiment  through  its 
streets.  It  was  soon  known  that  there  was 
no  approach  to  Baltimore,  and  the  citizens 
of  Washington  were  daily  expecting  to  hear 
the  roar  of  hostile  cannon  planted  on  the 


MARCH  TO  WASHINGTON.  25 

heights  of  Arlington.  The  regiments  from 
Annapolis  brought  the  cheering  intelligence 
of  the  prompt  and  opportune  action  of  General 
Butler,  and  the  officers  of  the  Government 
breathed  more  freely.  The  arrival  of  the 
First  Detachment,  followed  in  a  few  days  by 
that  of  the  Second  Detachment  of  the  First 
Rhode-Island  Eegimerit  and  the  Light  Artil 
lery,  which  had  come  up  the  Potomac,  with 
the  subsequent  daily  inflowing  of  additional 
forces,  placed  the  safety  of  the  capital  be 
yond  a  doubt. 

But  it  can  well  be  imagined,  with  what  feel 
ings  of  satisfaction  the  arrival  of  troops  like 
ours  would  be  hailed.  We  were  well  equipped. 
We  had  our  ammunition,  our  baggage  wagons, 
provisions  for  two  or  three  weeks  with  us,  and, 
fully  officered,  wre  were  ready  to  take  the 
field,  if  necessary,  at  an  hour's  notice. 

The  State  authorities  had  wisely  determined 
to  place  in  the  capital,  at  the  earliest  possible 
moment,  a  body  of  men  who  could  be  imme 
diately  effective.  Every  provision  had  been 
made  for  every  emergency.  If  we  were  sent 
to  a  beleaguered  city,  it  had  been  decided  that 
we  should  go  with  the  least  possible  embar- 
3 


26  FIRST  ERODE  ISLAND  REGIMENT. 

assment  to  the  general  Government.  The 
regiment  was  made  up  of  picked  men.  Am 
ple  supplies  had  been  furnished.  The  Com 
mander-in-chief  of  our  State  was  with  us,  and 
was  received  with  cordial  attentions.  The  Ad 
ministration  gratefully  appreciated  such  de 
cisive  and  complete  action,  and  at  once  placed 
its  most  commodious  building  at  our  disposal. 

The  acquisition  to  the  cause  of  a  man  like 
Col.  Burnside,  with  his  military  education,  his 
long  experience  and  his  well-tried  bravery 
upon  distant  fields,  was  of  a  value  beyond  cal 
culation.  The  First  Rhode  Island  Eegiment, 
therefore,  early  gained  a  high  place  in  the 
respect  and  affections  of  the  people  and  au 
thorities  at  Washington.  The  State  was  in 
deed  small,  but  she  had  promptly  and  nobly 
responded  to  the  call  of  the  chief  magistrate 
of  the  nation,  and  had  now  sent  forth  her 
choicest  sons,  under  the  command  of  as  noble 
and  gallant  a  soldier  as  could  be  found  within 
the  borders  of  the  republic. 

The  curiosities  of  the  Patent  Office  afforded 
our  men  ample  materials  for  study,  which 
were  not  suffered  to  remain  unimproved. 
-Here  were  models  of  all  kinds  of  machines, 


MARCH  TO  WASHINGTON.  27 

which  our  mechanics  viewed  with  perpetual 
interest.  Here  were  articles  of  value  from 
beyond  the  sea,  the  gifts  of  foreign  princes  to 
our  own  rulers.  Here,  also,  were  the  relics 
of  heroic  times, — the  original  Declaration  of 
Independence ;  the  staff  of  Franklin ;  the 
sword,  the  uniform  and  the  camp  chest  of  Wash 
ington.  The  Library  furnished  reading  matter 
for  the  student,  and  the  Census  Office  gave  to 
the  statistician  abundant  encouragement  for 
the  hope  of  the  future  greatness  of  the  republic. 
Here  a  soldier  would  find  the  model  of  a 
machine  which  had  been  invented  by  some 
member  of  his  own  family — perhaps  by  him 
self.  There  he  would  be  intently  studying 
some  new  arrangement  of  mechanical  forces, 
which  would  be  suggestive  of  subsequent  in 
vestigation.  Other  public  buildings  would 
attract  the  attention  of  our  men,  in  their  hours 
of  leisure,  and  the  Professors  at  the  Smiths 
onian  Institution  were  surprised  to  find,  that, 
among  the  privates  of  our  regiment,  there 
were  those  who  could  creditably  hold  their 
own  in  discussions  upon  matters  of  science, 
history  and  art.  Our  life  in  Washington  had 
thus  commenced  under  the  most  favorable 


28  FIRST  RHODE  ISLAND  REGIMENT. 

auspices,  and  our  campaign  promised  to  be  a 
profitable  experience  rather  than  a  dangerous 
enterprise. 

On  the  second  day  of  May,  the  regiment 
was  mustered  into  the  service  of 'the  United 
States,  for  the  period  of  three  months.  The 
ceremony  was  performed  in  the  grounds  of 
the  Capitol,  at  the  close  of  a  bright  spring 
day,  and  was  witnessed  by  a  large  number  of 
spectators.  Eleven  hundred  men  were  drawn 
up  on  three  sides  of  a  square,  and  as  their 
voices  rose  in  full  response, — not  one  refusing 
then  to  take  the  oath  of  loyalty, — swearing  to 
bear  true  allegiance  to  the  Government  of  the 
United  States,  and  to  oppose  all  its  enemies, 
the  hour  was  solemnized  forever  in  memory. 
We  marched  back  to  our  quarters,  feeling  a 
new  sense  of  our  responsibility,  for  now  the 
whole  country  had  a  right  to  expect  brave 
deeds  of  us,  and  we  had  called  God  to  witness 
our  vows  of  fidelity  and  obedience.  The  cere 
mony  was  performed  in  the  most  impressive 
manner,  by  Major  Irvin  McDowell,  assisted 
by  General  G.  B,  Thomas.  The  oath  of  alle 
giance  was  as  follows  : —  "  I ,  do 

solemnly  swear  that  I  will  bear  true  allegiance 


MARCH  TO  WASHINGTON.  29 

to  the  United  States  of  America,  and  that  I 
will  serve  honestly  and  faithfully  against  all 
their  enemies  and  opposers  whatsoever,  and 
observe  and  obey  the  orders  of  the  President 
of  the  United  States,  and  the  orders  of  the 
officers  appointed  over  me,  according  to  the 
rules  and  regulations  for  the  government  of 
the  armies  of  the  United  States :  so  help  me 
God ! " 

On  this  day,  the  Battery  of  Artillery  ar 
rived,  and  on  the  7th  of  May,  the  officers  and 
men  were  mustered  into  the  service  of  the 
United  States. 


3* 


SO  FIRST  RHODE  ISLAND  REGIMENT. 


III. 

CAMP    LIFE. 

FOR  the  next  week  or  two,  the  regiment 
was  preparing  to  go  into  camp.  A  site  had 
been  selected  on  the  slope  of  a  hill,  about  a 
mile  to  the  north  of  the  Capitol,  and  near  the 
road  leading  to  Bladensburg.  The  environs 
of  Washington  are  eminently  beautiful,  and 
the  position  of  our  camp,  in  this  respect,  was 
unsurpassed.  Arlington  Heights,  then  free 
from  fortifications  ;  Georgetown  Heights,  and 
the  elevated  land  upon  the  south  and  east  of 
the  city  were  in  full  view  ;  the  silvery  Poto 
mac  gleamed  in  the  distance,  while  imme 
diately  below  and  in  front  lay  the  city  itself, 
with  its  unfinished  public  buildings  and  its 
clustered  dwellings,  to  which  distance  lent  an 
enchantment  wrhich  they  themselves  did  not 
possess.  Upon  the  brow  of  the  hill,  our  artil 
lery  was  planted ;  a  slight  depression  of  the 
spacious  lawn,  forming  an  amphitheatre,  was 


CAMP  LIFE.  31 

our  parade  ground ;  a  grove  of  trees  occupied 
our  rear,  and  the  dwelling  house  of  the  pro 
prietor  of  the  estate  furnished  us  with  the 
most  ample  and  the  most  comfortable  hospital 
arrangements.  Our  regiment  provided  its 
own  mechanics,  and  in  two  weeks'  time 
a  miniature  village,  for  the  accommodation 
of  twelve  hundred  inhabitants,  was  built.* 
Eough  board  huts,  with  sleeping  arrangements 
for  eighteen  persons  each,  and  with  a  porch 
in  front  for  the  dining  hall,  were  our  habita 
tions.  Our  streets  received  the  names  of 
those  familiar  at  home,  and  our  village  was 
named  for  the  Governor  of  the  State.  Our 
tables  were  resplendent  with  the  richest  plate 
that  the  tin  manufactories  of  the  country  could 
produce,  and  groaned  beneath  those  nume 
rous  luxuries  with  which  the  army  regula 
tions  tickle  the  palate  and  tempt  the  appetite. 
Beds  of  straw  invited  to  sweet  repose, — and 
if  we  chose  to  sleep  in  our  boots  it  was  no- 


*  The  camp  was  planned  by  Henry  A.  De  Witt,  then  pri 
vate  in  Company  C,  but  afterwards  promoted  to  Lieutenant  of 
Engineers  ;  and  the  huts  were  built  under  the  superintendence 
of  Col.  Goddard  and  Lieutenant  William  K.  Walker,  of  Com 
pany  E. 


32  FIRST  RHODE  ISLAND  REGIMENT. 

body's  business  but  our  own.  Many  of  the 
squads — " messes"  as  we  called  them  in  camp — 
took  great  pride  in  the  embellishment  of  their 
huts;  and  flowers,  books,  hangings  of  variega 
ted  cambric  of  patriotic  colors,  and  musical 
instruments  were  not  uncommon.  A  little 
cellar  occupied  the  centre  of  the  hut,  and 
served  as  a  refrigerator,  well  supplied  with  ice 
by  the  generosity  of  our  friends  at  home.* 

Occasionally,  one  could  find  a  table  spread 
with  crockery  or  delf,  and  boasting  a  cloth, 
or  a  floor  covered  with  strawT  matting.  But 
these  instances  of  comfort  were  rare.  We 
had  left  such  enervating  things  as  carpets, 
couches,  easy  chairs,  bedsteads  and  the  like, 
in  the  realm  of  civilization  wiiich  was  now  far 
away,  and  they  existed  for  us  only  in  our 
memories  and  dreams.  We  were  proving  to 
ourselves,  how  unnecessary  were  many  of 
those  things  which  we  had  been  accustomed  to 
consider  as  especially  needful  for  us,  and  how 
small  were  really  the  requirements  of  life. 
Approaching  the  condition  of  primeval  man, 

*  See  Appendix  B. 


CAMP  LIFE.  33 

we  were  living  in  a  Paradise  ;  but  alas  !  with 
out  an  Eve. 

The  commissariat  was  under  the  charge  of 
a  noted  caterer  of  our  own  State,  whose  ro 
tundity  of  person  was  a  good  evidence  of  his 
skill  in  cookery.  He  had  under  his  charge  a 
detachment  of  cooks,  who  were  engaged  from 
morning  till  night  in  the  performance  of  their 
necessary  duties.  The  soldier  is  always  a 
hungry  man,  and  the  patience,  as  well  as  the 
industry,  of  those  whose  business  it  was  to 
keep  him  well  fed,  was  sometimes  put  to  se 
vere  tests.  When  our  two  regiments  w^ere 
encamped  together,  the  office  of  the  Commis 
sary  was  by  no  means  a  sinecure.  Nine 
hundred  and  sixty  gallons  of  coffee  barely 
sufficed  for  the  morning  and  evening  draught. 
Our  substantial  brick  bakery,  built  upon  the 
camp  ground,  received  daily  into  its  insatiate 
maw,  from  eight  to  ten  barrels  of  flour  and 
thirteen  hundred  pounds  of  meat.  One  hun 
dred  and  eighty  pans  of  gingerbread  wTould 
sometimes,  of  an  evening,  smoke  upon  our 
supper  tables,  flanked  by  delicious  strawber 
ries,  cherries  and  other  fruit,  which  in  their 
season  were  daily  for  sale  within  the  camp. 


34  FIRST  RHODE  ISLAND  REGIMENT. 

A  substantial  dish  of  pork  and  beans — one 
and  a  half  barrels  of  the  former  and  three 
barrels  of  the  latter — would  weekly  remind 
us  of  New  England  institutions.  One  barrel 
of  pork,  three  barrels  of  beef,  and  three  hun 
dred  and  twenty-five  cabbages,  were  the  in 
gredients  of  an  occasional  "boiled  dish." 
During  the  week  preceding  the  battle  of  Bull 
Bun,  there  were  cooked  at  our  camp  in  Wash 
ington,  and  sent  to  Centreville,  three  thou 
sand  pounds  of  fresh  meat,  twenty  barrels  of 
beef  and  a  wagon  load  of  bread.  The  beef 
and  bread  were  sent  out  on  Saturday,  and 
fell  into  the  hands  of  the  rebels,  with  other 
supplies,  which,  I  have  no  doubt,  were  duly 
appreciated.  In  the  season  of  whortleberries, 
one  mammoth  pudding  attested  the  skill  of 
the  manager  of  our  cuisine.  The  recipe  may 
not  be  found  in  the  "  Cookery  Books,"  the 
-  Housekeeper's  Companion,"  and  the  "  Do 
mestic  Economy  "  of  our  lady  friends,  and 
perhaps  might  be  a  puzzle  to  that  celebrated 
gastronomer,  Dr.  Kitchiner  himself.  I  give 
it,  therefore,  for  the  benefit  of  my  young 
friends  who  are  beginning  life,  and  of  all 
whom  it  may  otherwise  concern : — Take  one 


CAMP  LIFE.  35 

hundred  and  eighty  quarts  of  berries,  eight 
bushels  of  Indian  meal,  one-half  barrel  of 
flour,  twenty  dozens  of  eggs  and  forty  gallons 
of  milk.  Stir  well  together,  and  add  (of 
course)  "  spice  to  the  taste." 

Life  in  camp  varied  but  little  from  day  to 
day.  At  sunrise,  or  at  five  o'clock,  the  "  re 
veille  "  was  beat,  when  every  private  must 
attend  the  roll  call  of  his  company,  in  what 
ever  garb  he  chose, — and  the  garbs  were 
various.  Then,  in  the  warm  days  of  summer, 
there  were  company  drills  before  breakfast. 
At  six  or  half  past  six,  was  the  summons  to 
breakfast,  called  by  a  singular  inconsequence 
of  nomenclature,  "  Peas  upon  a  trencher,"  for 
the  very  obvious  reason  that  there  were  no 
peas  and  no  trencher.  At  eight  o'clock,  the 
guards  were  posted.  After  that,  when  the 
weather  permitted,  there  were  more  company 
drills  of  an  hour  or  two.  At  one  in  the  after 
noon,  "roast  beef"  was  beaten.  Battalion 
drills  occupied  the  coolest  part  of  the  after 
noon,  and  at  sunset  the  daily  dress  parade 
closed  the  ordinary  duties  of  the  soldier's  life. 
Supper  immediately  followed.  "  Tattoo  "  was 
struck  at  nine  o'clock,  and  "  taps  "  at  nine  and 


36  FIRST  RHODE  ISLAND  REGIMENT. 

a  half  or  ten,  when  the  camp  must  be  still,  all 
lights  extinguished,  and  everybody  but  the 
sentinels  and  the  officers  of  the  day  was  ex 
pected  to  be  in  his  bunk.  It  was  more  of  an 
expectation,  oftentimes,  than  a  reality.  I  have 
a  distinct  remembrance  of  several  occasions, 
when  a  few  choice  spirits  had  gathered  upon 
the  portico  of  the  Adjutant's  hut,  and,  as  the 
story  went  round,  and  the  wit  and  fun  grew 
fast  and  furious,  there  would  come  a  sudden 
cessation  of  speech  and  mirth — a  soothing 
calm  over  the  joyous  turbulence  of  the  hour — 
as  the  Colonel's  voice  would  issue  from  his 
quarters,  "  Less  noise  in  camp  !  Stop  that 
talking  !  "  It  was  said,  (with  what  truth  oth 
ers  may  judge,)  that  the  Sergeant  Major's 
voice  and  the  Chaplain's  laugh  were,  at 
times,  somewhat  too  demonstrative.  Once  we 
thought  that  we  had  caught  the  Colonel  him 
self  in  disobedience  to  his  own  orders.  A 
party  of  ladies  and  gentlemen  had  come  out 
from  Washington,  and  after  the  parade,  had 
remained  to  spend  the  evening.  They  had 
partaken  of  the  hospitality  of  our  quarters, 
and  the  hours  of  the  summer  evening  wore 
on  with  conversation,  song  and  laughter. 


CAMP  LIFE.  37 

The  hour  of"  tattoo"  and  "  taps"  had  passed, 
and  still  the  headquarters  were  noisy  with 
mirth.  The  next  morning,  I  suggested  that 
it  was  hardly  fair  to  call  us  poor  subordinates 
to  account,  while  our  commanding  officer  in 
dulged  in  unseasonable  enjoyment.  "  Ah  ! 
my  dear  Chaplain,"  said  he,  "  not  so  fast.  I 
postponed  ( taps '  half  an  hour,  last  night." 
As  usual,  the  Colonel  was  too  much  for  us. 

The  duties  of  the  day  culminated  at  dress 
parade.  The  brow  of  the  hill  was  occupied 
by  a  large  number  of  spectators  from  the  city, 
comprising  the  beauty  and  fashion  of  the 
metropolis.  Distinguished  men  from  different 
parts  of  the  country  became  our  visitors.  The 
President  and  his  family  not  unfrequently 
attended.  Members  of  the  Cabinet,  senators 
and  representatives  in  Congress,  members  of 
the  diplomatic  corps,  men  of  letters,  officers  of 
the  army,  bishops  in  the  church  and  dignita 
ries  of  state,  with  many  others,  both  ladies  and 
gentlemen,  made  our  camp  a  favorite  place 
of  resort.  Such  men  as  Crittenden,  Fremont, 
Dix,  Banks,  Andrew,  Wilson,  the  lamented 
Baker, — even  the  rebels  Breckinridge  and 
Buckner, — have  been  the  recipients  of  our 
4 


* 

38  FIRST  RHODE  ISLAND  REGIMENT. 

hospitality  and  the  admiring  witnesses  of  our 
military  evolutions.  After  the  customary  ex 
ercises  of  the  parade,  the  regiment  was  drawn 
up  in  close  and  solid  phalanx ;  heads  were 
uncovered,  and  the  evening  service  was  per 
formed  by  the  Chaplain.  A  psalm,  a  brief 
petition,  concluding  with  the  Lord's  Prayer,  a 
short  sweet  strain  of  music  by  the  band,  and 
the  doxology — 

"  Praise  God  from  whom  all  blessings  flow," — 

constituted  our  evening  offering  of  gratitude 
and  praise.  The  service  was  never  omitted 
in  camp,  when  the  parade  was  formed,  and  it 
was  the  gathering  up  of  the  experiences  of 
the  day  in  one  fervent  utterance  of  prayer, 
thanksgiving,  supplication  and  need.  In  the 
absence  of  a  description  which  I  myself  can 
not  well  give  of  this  scene,  I  quote  the  words 
of  one  who  was  more  than  once  an  interested 
spectator : — 

"  Washington  is  all  one  stirring  drama ; 
but  the  '  thing  to  see,'  among  the  daily  sights, 
is  the  evening  parade  and  vespers  of  the 
Rhode  Island  Regiment.  A  lawn  of  green 
meadow,  lying  in  the  lap  of  a  curved  ridge, 


CAMP  LIFE.  39 


beyond  the  grove,  forms  the  parade ;  and  this 
as  the  spectator  looks  clown  upon  it  from  the 
terrace  above,  is  the  foreground  of  a  landscape 
in  itself  absolutely  delicious.  But  the  regi 
ment,  with  its  Kossuth  hats  and  glittering 
arms,  and  with  the  quiet  tone  of  its  uniforms, 
completes  the  picture  with  wonderful  effect. 
The  poetic  part  of  it  is  prayer.  The  ground 
ing  of  arms,  the  sudden  stillness  of  the  drums, 
the  stepping  forward  of  the  Chaplain,  and  the 
distinct  and  well-chosen  words  of  the  invoca 
tion  and  blessing,  left  scarce  a  dry  eye  among 
the  spectators;  and  how  salutary  and  elevat 
ing  must  be  such  influences  to  the  soldiers 
themselves,  needs  but  little  skill  for  the  di 
vining.  I  can  scarcely  imagine  a  righteous 
battle  better  prepared  for,  than  by  the  clos 
ing  hymn  that  was  sung  after  the  prayer, 
accompanied  with  the  music  of  the  military 
band.  The  voices  of  the  men  swelled  up  like 
the  trained  tumult  of  an  advancing  host, 
through  an  atmosphere  that  was  all  aglow 
with  the  red  and  gold  of  a  magnificent  sunset, 
and  the  smoke  of  the  camp  fires  among  the 
trees  seemed  to  pause  and  tremble  with  the 
reverberation,  the  whole  scene  appearing  like 


40  FIRST  RHODE  ISLAND  REGIMENT. 

a  sublime  service  that  had  been  consecrated 
by  the  sudden  kindling  of  earth  and  sky  with 
an  '  unveiling  of  the  Shekinah.'  The  Ehode 
Island  Eegiment  should  be  congratulated,  too, 
I  think,  on  the  chance  that  has  given  them  a 
leader  who  looks  fully  up  to  it — Col.  Burn- 
side's  uncovering  of  his  head  for  the  benedic 
tion,  as  he  stands  before  his  men,  being  such 
a  show  of  intellectual  pre-eminence,  (phreno- 
logically  and  physiognomically  speaking,)  as 
may  well  invest  it  with  an  authority  like  that 
of  a  sacred  altar  that  is  to  be  borne  before 
them  to  victory." 

One  of  the  most  impressive  scenes  of  this 
kind,  as  it  lies  in  my  recollection,  was  that  of 
the  service  performed  on  the  Friday  evening 
before  the  Battle  of  Bull  Kun.  We  were  ex 
pecting  to  march  on  the  following  clay.  At 
the  usual  hour,  the  regiment  was  formed  for 
parade.  Our  whole  division  —  7000  men  — 
were  encamped  together,  a  mile  or  two  this 
side  of  Centreville,  upon  both  sides  of  the 
Warrenton  turnpike.  Upon  a  hill,  opposite 
our  own  parade  ground,  the  Second  Rhode 
Island  Regiment  Avas  engaged  in  its  evening 
parade.  As  its  service  ended,  ours  began;  and 


CAMP  LIFE.  41 

the  sweet  music  of  the  Second's  regimental 
band,  mellowed  by  the  distance,  as  it  floated 
on  the  summer  evening  air,  was  a  fitting  pre 
lude  to  our  own  service.  The  91st  Psalm, 
commencing,  "  He  that  dwelleth  in  the  secret 
place  of  the  Most  High  shall  abide  under  the 
shadow  of  the  Almighty/'  was  read.  The 
words  of  the  petition  that  followed  were  sug 
gested  by  the  nearness  of  the  day  of  trial,  the 
voices  of  the  men  rose  in  concert  in  the  Lord's 
Prayer,  and  the  Doxology  was  sung  with  fer 
vor.  Men  and  officers  from  the  different  regi 
ments  around  us  gathered  about  in  little 
groups,  to  witness  the  novel  scene.  General 
McDowell  himself,  and  his  staff,  were  present, 
and  that  generous  and  gentlemanly  officer, 
when  the  service  was  ended,  rode  up  to 
the  chaplain,  and,  with  tearful  eyes,  giving 
ample  evidence  of  the  depth  and  sincerity  of 
his  emotion,  expressed  his  thanks  for  the  un 
expected  performance.  Then,  turning  to  Col. 
Burnside,  he  said,  "  Colonel,  I  shall  rely  upon 
your  brigade."  The  warrant  which  he  had 
for  such  reliance  he  saw  before  him.  How 
completely  he  was  justified  in  cherishing  it, 
the  events  of  the  following  Sunday  fully  tes- 
4* 


42  FIRST  RHODE  ISLAND  REGIMENT. 

tifled,  when  that  gallant  brigade  was  brought 
face  to  face  with  the  foe  ! 

It  is  not  my  habit  to  over-estimate  the  value 
of  such  services.  But  I  cannot  help  feeling 
that,  upon  the  souls  of  those  young  men,  some 
permanent  impression  was  made.  It  may 
have  since  been  overlaid  with  other  and  worse 
things.  It  may  have  been  enfeebled  by  the 
influence  of  appetites  and  passions  which  were 
held  only  in  partial  control.  Possibly  it  may 
even  have  been  forgotten  in  some  instances. 
But  I  am  willing  to  believe  that  every  good 
thing  has  an  immortal  character,  and  I  am 
safe  in  saying,  that,  beneath  much  of  the 
coarseness  and  worldliness  of  the  soldier's  life, 
there  was  and  is  still,  in  active  existence,  the 
serious  and  devout  feeling  which  the  religious 
exercises  of  the  camp  are  calculated  to  excite. 
In  some  hour  of  lonely  meditation,  if  now  it 
may  be  dormant,  it  will  be  aroused  again,  and 
prove  itself  a  blessing  to  the  soul.  Many  of 
those  men  are  now  on  distant  shores,  and  en 
gaged  in  perilous  and  difficult  duty.  They 
have  not  forgotten  their  first  campaign. 
Memory,  recalling  the  past,  will  paint  anew, 
upon  the  canvas  of  the  mind,  the  picture  of 


CAMP  LIFE.  43 

our  evening  prayer  in  our  beautiful  camp  in 
Washington. 

While  speaking  upon  this  point  I  would 
state  that  religious  services  were  regularly 
held  in  camp,  on  every  Sunday  morning. 
There  were  but  three  exceptions.  The  Cath 
olic  portion  of  the  regiment  were  conducted 
by  the  Catholic  chaplain  to  a  neighboring 
church,  where  they  could  join  their  brethren 
in  the  form  of  worship  prescribed  by  their 
ecclesiastical  authorities.  The  Protestant  por 
tion  assembled  in  the  grove  in  front  of  the 
headquarters  of  the  regiment.  The  services 
consisted  of  singing,  by  an  excellent  choir, 
organized  among  the  men,  under  the  direction 
of  private  Molten,  of  Co.  C ;  reading  the 
Psalms,  with  responses  ;  prayer,  and  a  short 
practical  address.  The  congregation  was 
composed  of  members  of  different  denomina 
tions,  whom  the  pressure  of  the  great  princi 
ple  which  they  were  striving  to  uphold  had 
united  in  one  common  enterprise.  Sectarian 
lines  were,  for  the  time,  obliterated.  We  did 
not  ask  to  what  church  a  man  belonged,  or 
what  religious  creed  he  professed  to  believe. 
We  did  not  meet  together  for  the  purpose  of 


44  FIRST  RHODE  ISLAND  REGIMENT. 

discussing  controverted  topics  of  religious 
doctrine,  but  to  help  one  another  in  the  per 
formance  of  our  duty  to  our  country  and  our 
God.  While,  in  furtherance  of  this  view,  I 
welcomed  ministers  of  different  churches  to 
the  platform  which  I  occupied,  I  myself  was 
heard  with  respectful  attention  by  those  with 
whom  I  differed  upon  points  which  did  not 
then  come  into  question.  We  were  all  en 
gaged  in  one  great  warfare  with  the  world 
and  the  flesh,  and  though  we  used  different 
weapons,  our  cause  was  the  same,  our  spirit 
was  the  same,  and  we  all  acknowledged  alle 
giance  to  the  same  Great  Captain  of  our  sal 
vation. 

It  is  well  known  that  a  Catholic  chaplain, 
Kev.  Thomas  Quinn,  was  associated  with  me 
in  our  regiment,  and  our  intercourse  was  al 
ways  of  the  most  cordial  and  friendly  nature. 
It  was  another  evidence  of  the  obliteration  of 
ecclesiastical  lines  by  the  influence  of  patri 
otic  feeling.  I  was  no  less  a  Protestant.  He 
was  no  less  a  Catholic.  Yet  we  could  most 
heartily  join  hands  in  this  great  enterprise  of 
freedom,  which  we  both  felt  to  be  thoroughly 
Christian.  The  feeling  which  prevailed  is 


CAMP   LIFE.  45 

well  illustrated  by  an  interview  which  Father 
Quinn  once  had  with  a  chaplain  of  a  New 
York  regiment.  After  some  conversation 
upon  unimportant  topics,  the  chaplain  asked 
Father  Quinn,  "  But  how  do  you,  a  Catholic, 
get  along  with  that  Unitarian  ?"  "I  have  yet 
to  learn,  Sir,"  replied  my  associate,  "  that  reli 
gious  differences  are  to  be  allowed  to  inter 
rupt  that  intercourse  which  is  becoming  to 
scholars  and  gentlemen  !" 

Besides  our  usual  religious'  services,  there 
were  exercises  of  the  same  nature  and  char 
acter  in  different  places  in  the  camp.  Under 
the  auspices  and  inspiration  of  that  true 
Christian  soldier,  Lieut.  Prescott,  a  Christian 
Association  was  formed,  which  held  meetings 
once  or  twice  a  week,  as  opportunity  was  of 
fered,  in  a  little  chapel,  built  for  their  accom 
modation.  Words  of  earnest  exhortation, 
prayer,  and  singing  filled  the  hour,  and  the 
meetings  were  productive  of  great  good.  The 
E.  I.  Bible  Society  generously  provided  us 
with  copies  of  the  New  Testament  and  Psalms. 
In  the  quarters  of  the  men  and  officers,  the 
voice  of  prayer  ushered  in  the  dawn,  or 
breathed  its  benedictions  upon  the  evening 


46  FIRST  RHODE  ISLAND  REGIMENT. 

hours.  I  need  not  speak  of  the  religious  char 
acter  of  our  noble  and  beloved  commander. 
Rarely  did  he  seek  his  rest  at  night  without  en 
gaging  in  exercises  of  devotion.  "  It  was  his 
custom  at  home/'  he  said,  in  his  simple  way,  and 
he  desired  me  to  continue  it  with  him.  In 
our  private  conversations,  he  would  speak, 
with  all  the  trustfulness  of  a  child,  of  his  un 
wavering  conviction  that  he  and  all  his  inter 
ests  were  in  the  care  of  a  Divine  love.  What 
ever  might  betide,  God's  mercy  was  sure.  It 
seemed  to  me  that  a  chaplain  was  scarcely 
needed  in  our  regiment.  For  its  Colonel's 
daily  life,  so  pure,  so  generous,  so  honorable, 
so  brave,  so  thoroughly  Christian,  was  more 
eloquent,  in  its  full-rounded  completeness, 
and  more  winning  and  persuasive,  than  any 
sermon  that  I  have  ever  heard  from  mortal 
lips.  The  spirit  of  his  character  breathed 
through  the  camp,  and  almost  imperceptibly 
to  ourselves,  raised  every  man  of  us  to  a 
loftier  plane  of  life  and  action.  We  read  in  the 
story  of  the  Psalmist  King  of  Israel,  that  the 
love  of  Jonathan  for  David  "  was  wonderful, 
passing  the  love  of  women."  I  knew  not  the 
meaning  of  the  passage  till  I  perceived  the 


CAMP   LIFE. 


47 


devotion  which  Col.  Burnside,  by  the  manli 
ness  of  his  life,  attracted  from  every  man  un 
der  his  command. 

I  cannot  leave  this  point  without  express 
ing  my  conviction  of  the  effect  and  the  neces 
sity  of  religious  services  in  our  camps.  The 
very  circumstances  of  the  case  are  productive 
of  influences  of  the  highest  moment.  In  the 
first  experience  of  a  soldier's  life,  there  is  un 
questionably  an  incitement  of  religious  feel 
ing.  Men  have  just  left  their  homes,  and  be 
gin  to  feel  the  need  of  the  kindly  pressure  of 
home  influences.  Many  of  those,  who  have 
enlisted  in  this  war,  have  gone  to  the  scene  of 
danger,  impelled  by  a  controlling  sense  of 
duty.  They  feel  that  there  are  difficulties  in 
the  way  ;  that  they  will  be  obliged  to  endure 
many  hardships ;  that  they  may  be  exposed 
to  many  perils,  and  possibly  to  painful  death. 
Instinctively  they  turn  to  a  higher  Power, 
and  seek  the  help  of  God.  Upon  such  men, 
religious  services  produce  a  wonderful  effect. 
They  are  a  restraint,  an  encouragement,  a  di 
rection,  a  help,  and  an  inspiration.  The  un 
certainty  of  life,  the  ignorance  of  future  events, 
the  gradual  settling  into  a  state  where  the 


48  FIRST  RHODE  ISLAND  REGIMENT. 

prime  requisite  for  success  is  unquestioning 
obedience  to  the  orders  of  other  persons,  and 
the  consequent  loss  of  self-confidence,  seem  to 
induce  a  strong  feeling  of  dependence  upon 
God.  Added  to  this  is  the  thought,  that  those 
who  are  dear  to  one's  affections  must  be  given 
up  to  the  care  of  Providence ;  and  that,  for 
both  the  distant  and  near,  there  are  but  two 
things  to  do, — to  wait  patiently  the  progress 
of  events,  and  to  trust  in  God  and  one  another. 
The  most  thoughtless  and  indifferent  man 
cannot  escape  the  influence  of  such  thoughts 
and  feelings ;  while  those  of  a  deep  and  ten 
der  nature  are  affected  by  them  to  a  remark 
able  degree.  As  sometimes,  on  summer  morn 
ings,  a  fresh  breeze  will  set  in  from  some  cool 
quarter  of  the  heavens,  and  will  seem  to  clear 
the  air  of  noxious  vapors  and  enervating  heat, 
such  delicious  coolness  and  freshness  pervade 
the  day ;  so  this  fresh  gale  of  duty  and  patri 
otism  set  in  upon  our  wordly  life,  and,  for  the 
time,  made  it  clear  and  generous  and  pure. 

For  the  time,  I  say ;  for  as  the  heat  of  sum 
mer  asserts  its  presence  when  the  gale  is 
spent,  so  the  old  wordliness  returns,  unless 
the  most  vigilant  precautions  are  taken  against 


CAMP  LIFE.  49 

it.  Men,  left  to  themselves,  have  many  idle 
hours  to  spend ;  and  the  old  couplet  is  true 
in  this  as  in  other  cases  : — 


"  Satan  has  some  mischief  still 
For  idle  hands  to  do." 

Then  is  felt  the  force  of  temptation  •  then  are 
exercised  the  influences  engendered  by  the 
vices  of  the  camp.  The  body  becomes  lazy ; 
the  mind  becomes  indolent.  The  craving  for 
something  to  excite  and  interest  the  attention 
seeks  its  gratification  in  forbidden  ways.  The 
appetites  and  passions  are  aroused ;  intem 
perance,  profanity,  obscenity,  dissoluteness, 
profligacy,  lust,  and  sloth  begin  to  manifest 
themselves  ;  and  the  worst  results  are  threat 
ened.  The  most  dangerous  enemy  to  the  sol 
dier  is  not  so  much  to  be  found  upon  the  bat 
tle-field  as  in  the  quiet  of  the  garrison  and 
the  camp.  It  is  on  the  field  of  the  soul  that 
the  severest  conflicts  are  waged.  It  is  abso 
lutely  necessary,  therefore,  that  all  possible 
religious  obligations  and  sanctions  should  be 
enforced ;  and  a  chaplain,  if  he  be  a  truly  reli 
gious  and  generous  man,  can  find  no  more 
5 


50  FIRST  RHODE  ISLAND  REGIMENT. 

useful  scene  of  labor  than  among  our  volun 
teers. 

The  sanitary  condition  of  the  camp  was  all 
that  could  be  desired.  Col.  Burnside's  expe 
rience  was  of  the  greatest  use  to  his  men  in 
this  indispensable  particular.  The  grounds 
were  a  model  of  cleanliness,  and  the  quarters 
of  the  men  were  subjected  to  a  rigid  inspection, 
once  a  week,  to  insure  their  neatness.  Officers 
of  other  regiments,  our  daily  visitors,  and  the 
public-spirited  gentlemen  who  were  engaged 
in  organizing  the  United  States  Sanitary 
Commission,  were  unstinted  in  their  expres 
sions  of  admiration  and  praise.  Our  surgeons, 
Drs.  Rivers,  Carr,  Miller,  and  Harris,  were  un 
wearied  in  their  co-operation  with  Col.  Burn- 
side,  for  the  preservation  of  the  health  of  the 
command,  and  the  hospital  was  as  cheerful? 
attractive,  quiet,  and  comfortable  a  place  as 
such  a  building  could  well  be.  The  strictest 
hygienic  rules  were  enforced,  as  were  possible 
under  the  circumstances,  throughout  the  en 
campment.  The  consequence  was  that  there 
were  but  few  cases  of  sickness,  and  before  the 
battle  of  Bull  Run,  but  two  cases  of  death. 
Even  these  could  not  be  traced  to  any  disease 


CAMP   LIFE.  51 

which  originated  in  the  manner  of  our  life. 
It  is  well  known  that  an  army  suffers  more 
from  sickness  than  from  actual  conflict  on  the 
field  of  battle.  The  responsibility  of  these 
losses  rests  with  the  officers  in  command. 
Men  in  camp  are,  in  many  respects,  like  chil 
dren,  and  require  constant  care.  Their  life 
may  be  made  pleasant  and  healthful  as  at 
home,  or  it  may  become  the  source  of  painful, 
disgusting,  and  fatal  diseases,  almost  without 
number.  Not  the  least  of  our  Colonel's  qual 
ifications  for  command,  was  his  perpetual 
personal  attention  to  this  important  branch 
of  the  public  service. 

Washington  gradually  became  one  large,  ex 
tensive  camp.  The  roll  of  the  drums,  and  the 
strains  of  the  military  bands,  seemed  to  encircle 
the  city  with  a  round  of  martial  music.  The 
streets  were  filling  with  soldiers.  Scarcely  a 
day  passed  without  the  arrival  of  a  regiment 
from  the  North.  Baltimore  was  occupied, 
and  the  usual  route  of  travel  was  resumed  * 
Suddenly,  and  without  any  publicity  of  notice, 
10,000  men  of  those  who  had  been  coming 
from  day  to  day,  were  secretly  and  at  dead  of 
night  thrown  across  Long  Bridge,  and  the 


52  FIRST  RHODE  ISLAND  REGIMENT. 

ferries,  to  Alexandria  and  Arlington  Heights.*' 
Then  the  country  was  electrified  by  the  death 
of  Ellsworth.  Soon,  fortifications  began  to 
rise,  and  upon  their  ramparts  bristled  the 
cannon  of  the  Union.  The  Fire  Zouaves,  of 
New  York,  who  once  said  that  "  they  were 
sociable  with  paving  stones,"  had  an  opportu- 


*  This  movement  was  made  on  the  night  of  Thursday,  May 
23.  Gov.  Sprague  left  Washington  on^the  morning  of  this  day, 
and  at  dress  parade,  the  following  Order  was  read  : 

CAMP  SPRAGUE,  May  23d,  1861. 

The  Colonel  commanding  takes  pleasure  in  promulgating 
the  following  communication  from  His  Excellency,  Gov,  W. 
Sprague : 

"  WASHINGTON,  May  23d,  1861. 

"  I  am  unwilling  to  take  leave  of  the  First  Regiment  R.  I.  D.  M. 
without  first  bidding,  one  and  all,  a  reluctant  good  bye.  I  have 
shared  with  you  your  anxieties  and  cares,  and  would  not  lose, 
by  absence,  the  opportunity  of  sharing  with  you  your  first  con 
flict  in  arms. 

"  The  public  service,  both  State  and  National,  demands  my 
presence  in  Rhode  Island.  That  performed,  accompanied  by 
more  of  Rhode  Island's  sons,  I  shall  rejoin  you.  Bearing  the 
relation  of  brothers,  comrades,  we  look  for  approval  to  our  own 
convictions  of  an  honest  discharge  of  every  duty,  and  to  the 
approbation  of  our  fellow  men  ;  and  striving  for  that,  we  shall 
never  fail.  WILLIAM  SrilAGUE. 

"  To  COL.  A.  E.  BURXSIDE, 

Commanding  First  Regiment  R.  I.  D.  M." 


CAMP   LIFE.  53 

nity  of  improving  their  acquaintance  to  some 
useful  purpose.  The  Seventh  Regiment  N.  Y. 
S.  M.  gave  ample  proof  that  no  gentleman's 
hands  were  too  soft  and  dainty  to  handle  the 
spade  and  barrow,  when  his  country  called 
for  hard  work.  The  Twelfth  New  York— a 
popular  and  gallant  corps — was  in  no  wise 
behind  its  neighbors,  in  patriotic  duty.  The 
Sixty-ninth  made  an  exhibition  of  what  Father 
Quinn  used  to  call  "  the  Northern  Shovelry," 
and  Fort  Corcoran  is,  to-day,  an  evidence  of 
its  faithful  labors.  Our  regiment,  as  a  body, 
did  not  participate  in  this  advance,  but  it  was 
ordered  to  hold  itself  in  readiness  to  support 
the  movement,  if  necessary.  A  detail  of 
twenty-six  men,  under  command  of  Ensign 
Tower,  of  Co.  E,  assisted  in  establishing,  work 
ing,  and  guarding  the  ferries,  by  which  a  por 
tion  of  the  troops  crossed  the  river.  Fortu 
nately,  the  services  of  the  entire  regiment 
were  not  needed,  and  the  heights  that  com 
manded  Washington  were  occupied  without 
opposition.  But  on  the  following  Saturday, 
at  the  very  time  when  the  funeral  procession 
of  Col.  Ellsworth  was  passing  through  the 
city,  we  thought  we  were  to  be  called  into 
5* 


54  FIRST  RHODE  ISLAND  REGIMENT. 

action.  The  alarm  bells  in  the  city  were 
rung,  the  signal  cannon  were  fired.  Washing 
ton  was  in  a  ferment.  Some  of  our  officers 
who  had  received  permission  to  go  to  their 
homes  on  furlough,  and  were  at  the  railroad 
station  when  the  alarm  was  given,  hastened 
back  to  camp.*  The  regiment  was  drawn  up 
in  line,  with  blankets  swung,  canteens  and 
haversacks  filled ;  the  prisoners  begged  to  be 
released  from  the  guard-house,  that  they 
might  join  in  the  expected  fray  ;  and  every 
thing  was  ready  for  the  receipt  of  orders  to 
move.  It  was  supposed  that  an  engagement 
was  in  progress  upon  the  Virginia  side  of  the 
Potomac.  Firing  had  been  heard,  volumes  of 
smoke  had  been  seen,  and  it  was  thought  that 
the  rebels  had  determined  to  drive  off  the  in 
vaders,  that  were  polluting  the  "  sacred  soil." 
The  people  of  Washington  were  exercised  by 
one  of  their  periodical  panics.  For  the  alarm 
was  false,  and,  just  as  our  regiment  was  break 
ing  into  marching  column,  intelligence  was 


*  The  officers  that  returned  were  Captains  Bucklin  and 
Van  Slyck,  and  Lieutenant  Viall,  and  their  presence  in  camp 
was  greeted  with  acclamations  by  the  men  of  their  companies. 


CAMP  LIFE.  55 

received  that  rendered  any  movement  un 
necessary.  Everything  was  quiet,  and  the 
men,  disappointed  and  uneasy  at  the  loss  of 
an  opportunity  of  action,  dispersed  to  their 
quarters. 


'  :  HKT  RHODE  IS1A5D  BEGDIDiT. 


IT. 
EXPEDITION   TOWARDS    HAKPER*S   FERBY. 

A  FEW  weeks  later,  the  order  to  move  really 
came.  Gen.  Patterson,  with  Gen.  Cadwalla- 
der  as  second  in  command,  had  projected  a 
plan  for  an  attack  upon  Harpers  Ferry,  which 
the  rebels,  under  Gen,  Joseph  R  Johnston,  had 
been  occupying  with  considerable  force.  For 
this  purpose,  troops  had  been  gradually  con 
centrating  at  Chambersburg.  Pa-  and  in  its 
neighborhood.  Gen.  Scott  approved  the  plan, 
and  upon  Gen.  Patterson's  request  for  rein 
forcements.  Gen.  Scott  replied  by  saying  that 
he  would  send  -  CoL  Burnside's  fine  Rhode 
Island  Regiment  with  its  Battery."  At  the 
same  time,  he  advised  Gen.  Patterson  to  act 
with  prudence  and  caution,  as  the  enemy 
cwere  strongly  posted,  and  not  inferior  in 
numbers," — advice  which  Gen.  Patterson  fol 
lowed,  with  too  extreme  exactness,  at  a  later 
day,  as  we  found  to  our  cost 


EXPEDITION  TOWARDS  HARPER'S  FERRY.         57 

On  Saturday,  June  8th,  orders  for  our  depart 
ure  were  received.  During  the  previous  week, 
rumors  had  prevailed  respecting  hostile  move 
ments  on  the  Upper  Potomac,  and  even  of 
the  crossing  of  the  enemy  at  Edwards'  Ferry 
or  at  Conrad's  Ferry,  near  the  scene  of  the 
subsequent  disaster  at  Ball's  Bluff.  Pickets 
had  been  sent  out  to  guard  the  road  to  Bla- 
densburg — one  company  each  night — and  a 
vigilant  watch  was  kept.  Our  men,  therefore? 
had  become  somewhat  prepared  for  a  move 
ment,  and  when  the  order  really  came,  it 
found  them  eager  to  go.  They  were  even 
glad  that  the  time  for  decisive  action  was  ap 
proaching,  and,  sending  the  battery*  and  bag 
gage  forward  on  Sunday  under  guard,  we 
inarched  out  of  camp,  early  on  Monday  morn 
ing,  1000  strong.  We  were  to  go  by  rail  to 
Chambersburg,  by  way  of  Baltimore.  In  the 


*  Lieut.  Leroy  L.  Janes,  of  the  Second  Artillery,  U.  S.  A., 
was  attached  to  our  battery  by  order  from  headquarters,  and 
accompanied  our  march  upon  this  expedition.  His  genial  and 
soldierly  qualities  made  him  a  welcome  addition  to  the  artillery 
officers,  and  he  remained  with  the  battery  during  its  whole 
time  of  service.  He  was  an  efficient  officer,  and  his  short  stay 
with  us  was  most  agreeable  to  all  parties* 


58  FIRST  RHODE  ISLAND  REGIMENT. 

broad  sunlight  of  that  magnificent  June  day, 
we  marched  through  the  streets  of  the  sub 
dued,  yet  still  at  heart,  rebellious  city.  How 
firmly,  defiantly,  yet  forbearingly  the  men 
carried  themselves !  They  never  inarched 
better,  and  they  never  looked  more  like  sol 
diers.  It  was  the  first  time  that  they  had 
gone  through  the  place,  and  they  went  with 
the  air  of  self-reliant  and  dutiful  men.  The 
white  havelocks,  which  our  friends  at  home 
had  provided,  the  red  blankets,  and  the  blue 
blouses  formed  a  good  combination  of  the  na 
tional  colors ;  the  regimental  band  played  its 
most  patriotic  strains,  and  the  men  kept  mar 
tial  step  to  the  "  music  of  the  Union."  But 
the  citizens  were  sullen  and  morose,  and  as 
the  column  filed  over  the  pavements,  there 
were  many  in  the  crowd  that  filled  the  walks, 
whose  mutterings  could  scarcely  be  restrained, 
and  who  wished  us  in  a  hotter  place  than 
were  even  those  broiling  streets  in  the  heat 
of  that  summer  noon.  What  little  enthusiasm 
was  manifested  as  the  front  of  the  column 
passed,  died  away  before  the  rear  came  up, 
and  the  companies  that  closed  the  line  of 
march,  heard  remarks  not  very  complimentary 


EXPEDITION  TOWARDS  HARPER'S  FERRY.          59 

to  pur  cause,  and  not  very  expressive  of  sat 
isfaction  with  the  purpose  of  our  journey. 
Eevolvers  and  bayonets  are  sometimes  great 
pacificators,  and  whatever  might  have  been 
thought  and  said,  there  was  no  overt  act. 
But  there  was  no  lack  of  enthusiasm  on  our 
road,  however  quiet  Baltimore  may  have 
been.  Every  village  beyond  poured  out  its 
inhabitants  to  greet  us.  Their  salutations 
sounded  pleasantly  to  ears  that  had  not  heard 
a  cheer  given  for  the  Union  for  many  weeks, 
and  it  seemed  somewhat  strange  to  feel  that 
we  were  once  more  in  the  midst  of  loyal  com 
munities.  On,  through  that  day,  we  sped, 
and  through  the  following  night  and  a  part 
of  the  next  day,  to  Chambersburg,  and  thence 
to  Greencastle,  where  wre  found  a  most  de 
lightful  camping-ground  among  the  peaceful 
Quakers  of  the  Cumberland  valley.*  We 


*  We  were  accompanied,  upon  this  expedition,  as  far  as 
Greencastle,  by  ex-Governor  Dyer,  of  Providence,  who  ren 
dered  timely  and  efficient  service.  Gov.  Sprague,  then  in 
Rhode  Island,  hearing  of  our  departure  from  Washington,  im 
mediately  left  home,  and  joined  the  regiment  while  it  was  at 
this  encampment.  Col.  John  A.  Gardner,  Aide-de-Camp,  ac 
companied  his  Excellency.  The  camp  at  Greencastle  was 
named  "  Camp  Duncan,"  in  honor  of  Alexander  Duncan,  Esq. 
of  Providence. 


60  FIRST  RHODE  ISLAND  REGIMENT. 

bivouacked  in  a  beautiful  grove,  through 
which  our  men  had  already  turned  the  chan 
nel  of  a  full-flowing  brook;  and  the  next 
morning,  pitched  our  tents  for  a  brief  sojourn 
in  this  charming  spot.  Now  we  were  fairly 
"  under  canvas/'  and  there  is  no  one  of  us  but 
looks  back,  with  feelings  of  liveliest  gratifica 
tion,  to  the  time  of  our  encampment  on 
the  Southern  border  of  Pennsylvania.  The 
weather  was  of  the  deliciously  balmy  temper 
ature  of  early  June.  The  days  were  clear, 
and  the  soft  light  of  a  young  moon  shone 
down  at  night  among  the  trees  that  shaded 
our  encampment.  The  air  was  fragrant  with 
the  fresh  clover  and  the  new-mown  hay.  The 
wide-spreading  wheat-fields  were  robed  in 
their  richest  colors.  The  distant  mountains 
were  outlined  upon  the  Western  sky,  and 
were  transfigured  in  the  glory  of  each  sunset 
hour.  Through  all,  was  breathing  the  spirit 
of  a  loyal,  a  patriotic,  a  thrifty,  hospitable  and 
generous  people. 

We  remained  here  but  a  few  days,  waiting 
the  massing  of  the  army  which  was  preparing 
to  reduce  the  stronghold  of  Harper's  Ferry. 
But  that  army  was  not  needed  for  that  enter- 


EXPEDITION  TOWARDS  HARPER'S  FERRY.          6  1 

prise.  On  the  night  of  Friday,  June  12th, 
intelligence  was  received  that  Harper's  Ferry 
was  evacuated.  Gen.  Johnston  had  withdrawn 
towards  Martinsburg  and  Winchester,  either 
deceived  as  to  our  numbers,  or  deeming  it 
better  for  him  to  engage  us  in  the  open  plains 
upon  the  Virginia  side  of  the  Potomac,  than 
to  meet  our  attack  in  the  valley.  Whatever 
may  have  been  his  motive,  he  and  his  army 
had  gone,  and  on  Saturday  morning,  at  six 
o'clock,  we  were  again  upon  the  road,  expect 
ing  to  occupy  the  position  which  the  foe  had 
left,  or  to  meet  him  upon  the  soil  of  Northern 
Virginia.  The  terminus  of  that  day's  march 
was  Williamsport,  in  the  State  of  Maryland, 
where  was  a  ford  to  be  guarded,  ^nd  where 
Gen.  Patterson's  army  was  to  cross.  We  were 
heartily  welcomed  by  the  loyal  people  of  this 
town,  and  found  a  place  for  an  encampment 
in  a  grove  upon  the  eastern  edge  of  the  vil 
lage.  On  Sunday,  a  large  part  of  the  army 
forded  the  river,  accompanied  by  four  pieces 
of  our  artillery,  and  encamped  at  Falling 
Waters.  The  residue  of  the  regiment  was 
ordered  to  be  in  readiness,  as  soon  as  a  pro 
vision-train  should  arrive,  to  march  towards 


62  FIRST  RHODE  ISLAND  REGIMENT. 

Hancock,  to  reinforce  an  Indiana  regiment, 
under  Col.  Lew.  Wallace,  there  threatened  by 
Gen.  Johnston's  movements.  But  before  day 
break  on  Monday,  Col.  Burnside  was  roused 
from  sleep  by  an  orderly,  who  had  come  in 
from  Hagerstown,  with  orders  for  our  regi 
ment  to  return  at  once  to  Washington.  Gov. 
Sprague,  who  had  joined  the  regiment  at 
Greencastle,  crossed  the  river  for  the  artillery, 
and  at  seven  o'clock,  wre  had  commenced  our 
march.  A  gentle  shower,  during  the  night, 
had  cleared  the  air  and  laid  the  dust,  and  the 
men,  refreshed  by  a  good  night's  rest,  and  ex 
hilarated  by  the  bracing  atmosphere  of  the 
early  day,  stepped  gaily  off  upon  a  march, 
which  they  did  not  anticipate  would  be  of 
seventeen  or  eighteen  hours'  duration.  We 
passed  through  Ilagerstown,  a  pleasant,  more 
than  semi-loyal  place,  where  we  received 
friendly  greeting,  and  where  the  people  were 
under  the  civilizing  influence  of  a  young  la 
dies'  seminary,  in  which  Gen.  Patterson,  with 
excellent  taste,  for  so  old  a  man,  had  fixed 
his  headquarters ;  through  Funkstown,  a  vil 
lage  where  bad  whiskey  and  secession,  with 
characteristic  affinity,  predominated  through 


EXPEDITION  TOWARDS  HARPER'S  FEURY.          63 

Boonsboro',  a  snug  little  town,  which  lay 
peacefully  nestling  among  the  green  hills  of 
the  region,  which  afforded  us  a  resting  place 
for  two  hours  in  the  afternoon,  and  where  our 
artillery  joined  our  little  force.*  At  sunset, 
we  crossed  the  South  Mountains,  through  a 
notch  which  reminded  those  of  us  who  had 
travelled  in  New  England,  of  the  pleasantest 
portion  of  the  White  Mountain  scenery,  and 
those  who  had  been  abroad,  of  the  beauties  of 
a  Swiss  landscape.  Cascades  were  falling 
among  the  rocks,  covered  with  greenest  moss ; 
the  foliage  of  the  trees  was  of  the  deepest 
hue,  as  it  hung  gracefully  over  our  path ;  the 
simple  inhabitants  of  the  mountain  region 
gathered  to  witness  the  unaccustomed  pa 
geant  ;  the  golden  light  of  a  gorgeous  sunset 
gleamed  and  glittered  along  the  arms  of  the 
soldiers,  and  flickered  among  the  leaves  and 
branches  overhead  ;  the  purple  haze  of  twi 
light  mellowed  all  the  scene  ;  music  added  its 
charms,  and  as  the  column  crossed  the  sum 
mit  and  descended  the  winding  road  into  the 


*  Gov,  Spraguc  left  the  battery  at   Hagerstown,  to  return 
home. 


64  FIRST  RHODE  ISLAND  REGIMENT. 

valley,  the  picture  was  of  exquisite  and  inde 
scribable  beauty  !  But  six  or  seven  hours' 
march  was  still  before  us,  and  we  could  not 
linger.  We  pressed  on  through  Middletown, 
which  turned  out  its  population  to  greet  us, 
crossed  another  ridge  beneath  the  broad 
moonlight,  struggled  painfully  along,  footsore, 
languid,  and  weary,  and  at  last,  at  half-past 
twelve  o'clock,  on  the  morning  of  Tuesday, 
June  18th,  we  lighted  our  camp-fires,  and 
sank  to  sleep  upon  the  ground,  on  the  slope 
of  a  hill  in  the  suburbs  of  Frederick  City. 
We  had  marched  thirty-three  miles  since  the 
morning,  the  artillery  five  miles  further  still, 
and  yet  in  half  an  hour  from  the  time  the 
head  of  the  column  arrived  at  the  camp 
ground,  every  straggler  had  found  his  proper 
place  in  his  company  bivouac.  The  rear 
guard,  Co.  B,  had  done  its  duty  faithfully  on 
that  day.  The  next  morning,  we  entered 
Frederick  City,  were  very  hospitably  received 
and  entertained  by  Gov.  Hicks  and  his  friends, 
remained  there  throughout  the  day,  and,  late 
in  the  afternoon,  started  by  rail  for  Washing 
ton,  by  way  of  the  Relay  House.  We  picked 
up  one  or  two  Providence  friends  on  the  way, 


EXPEDITION  TOWARDS  HARPER'S  FERRY.         65 

and   reaching   Washington  -at   a   seasonable 

O  O 

hour  the  next  morning,  were  soon  in  our  old 
quarters  at  Camp  Sprague. 

We  had  an  opportunity  of  noticing,  in  this 
journey,  the  difference  of  sentiment  among 
the  people  of  Maryland,  as  it  exhibited  itself 
here  and  in  the  county  through  which  we 
passed  on  our  first  march  ;  now,  and  six  weeks 
previously.  While,  in  our  first  experience, 
we  had  occasion  to  observe  the  almost  utter 
want  of  sympathy,  and  the  all-pervading  pres 
ence  of  a  spirit  of  opposition  to  our  cause,  in 
the  last,  we  were  received  with  every  demon 
stration  of  enthusiasm.  The  inhabitants  along 
the  line  of  our  first  march,  had  been  told  that 
we  were  Vandals  and  marauders,  and  had  re 
moved  their  property  and  themselves  two  or 
three  miles  away  on  either  side  of  the  road. 
The  inhabitants  of  the  section,  through  which 
our  last  road  lay,  had  been  most  cordial  and 
most  generous  in  their  expressions  of  friend 
ship.  In  the  first  case,  the  rebellious,  in  the 
last  case,  the  loyal  element  predominated. 
The  uprising  in  the  North  had  had,  in  this 
quarter,  the  expected  effect.  The  people  of 
Maryland,  either  wiser  than  their  Virginia 


66  FIRST  RHODE  ISLAND  REGIMENT. 

neighbors,  or  more  easily  subdued,  had  seen 
that  their  interest  was  better  subserved  in 
the  Union  than  out  of  it.  Many,  without 
doubt,  were  at  heart  sincerely  loyal.  A  large 
majority  did  not  wish  that  their  State  should 
be  made  the  battle-ground,  and  they  saga 
ciously  determined,  in  this  contest,  to  cast  in 
their  lot  with  the  North.  It  is  true,  that  a 
few  rampant  secessionists  were  found  upon 
our  line  of  march,  and  it  was  thought  neces 
sary  by  some  of  our  men  that  the  emblems  of 
disloyalty  should  be  taken  from  them.  Not 
only  the  flag,  but,  in  one  instance,  the  flag 
staff  was  taken  ;  and  I  recollect  seeing,  about 
midnight,  half  a  dozen  men  carrying  along 
upon  their  shoulders,  tired  as  they  were, 
what  might  pass  for  a  respectably  sized  spar, 
upon  which  the  detestable  bunting  had  been 
raised.  They  were  resolved  that  that  staff 
should  no  longer  bear  a  rebel  flag.  What 
became  of  it  afterwards,  I  do  not  know,  but  I 
do  not  think  they  brought  it  home  as  a  tro 
phy.  We  also  found,  in  Frederick,  some  re 
bellious  citizens,  both  male  and  female.  The 
disloyal  Legislature  was  then  and  there  in 
session,  and  a  secession  paper,  which  has  since 


EXPEDITION  TOWARDS  HARPER'S  FERRY.          67 

been  suppressed,  was  especially  bitter  upon 

our  regiment  and  its  adventures after  our 

departure.  But  we  found  that  the  loyal  citi 
zens  were  brave  and  determined,  and  the 
regiment  never  fared  better,  during  its  ab 
sence  from  home,  than  at  their  hands. 


68  FIRST  RHODE  ISLAND  REGIMENT 


V. 

CAMP    LIFE    RESUMED. 

THE  remainder  of  the  month  of  June  passed 
without  any  incident  worthy  of  comment,  ex 
cept  the  arrival  of  the  Second  Regiment  and 
its  Battery.  We  were  glad  to  greet  our 
brothers-in-arms,  who  were,  in  less  than  a 
month  from  their  arrival,  to  prove  their  gal 
lantry  and  courage  upon  the  bloody  plains  of 
Manassas.  They  reached  our  camp  in  the 
gray  of  the  morning,  on  Saturday,  June  22d, 
and  received  a  soldier's  welcome  and  a  sol 
dier's  cheer.*  Their  tents  were  pitched  in  our 
immediate  vicinity,  and  we  heartily  enjoyed 
their  companionship  during  our  brief  sojourn 
together. 

On  the  18th  of  July,  our  battery  left  us  to 


*  The  Second  Regiment  was  accompanied  by  Gen.  Bobbins, 
Secretary  Bartlett,  Bishop  Clark,  Hon.  J,  C.  Knight,  and  other 
gentlemen  of  Rhode  Island. 


CAMP  LIFE  RESUMED.  69 

rejoin  Gen.  Patterson's  army  at  Hagerstown, 
which  seemed  at  last  disposed  for  active  ope 
rations.  I  need  not  say  how  grievously  that 
officer  disappointed  us  and  the  country.  Dur 
ing  our  temporary  connection  with  his  com 
mand,  we  had  known  something  of  his  vacil 
lation  and  unskillfulness.  After  our  departure, 
he  had  harassed  his  troops  by  marches  and 
counter-marches,  and  finally,  when  set  to 
watch  his  more  able  enemy,  Johnston,  he  al 
lowed  that  General  to  slip  off  unmolested,  to 
help  in  our  defeat  at  Bull  Run,  while  he  himself 
was  resting  in  inglorious  ease.  Our  battery  saw 
but  little  service  with  the  old  General,  except 
the  drudgery  of  picket  duty.  But  what  our  men 
were  there  able  to  do,  they  did  manfully, 
bravely,  and  like  themselves. 

After  their  departure,  we  fell  into  our  usual 
routine  of  camp  life.  The  Fourth  of  July  was 
celebrated  by  our  two  regiments  with  oration, 
poem,  and  the  usual  performances  pertaining 
to  Independence  day.  This  celebration  was  con 
ducted  with  considerable  spirit.  In  the  morn 
ing,  the  two  regiments,  now  under  command 
of  Col.  Burnside  as  senior  officer,  were  re 
viewed  by  the  Governor,  who,  with  Col, 


70  FIRST  RHODE  ISLAND  REGIMENT. 

Goddard,  had  come  to  Washington  with  the 
Second  Regiment.  Immediately  afterwards, 
the  two  regiments  assembled  in  the  grove  in 
which  the  camp  .of  the  Second  Regiment — 
"  Camp  Clark " — had  been  pitched.  Major 
S-ullivan  Ballon  was  President  of  the  day. 
Prayer  was  offered  by  Rev.  Mr.  Jameson, 
Chaplain  of  the  Second  Regiment ;  the  Decla 
ration  of  Independence  was  read  by  the  Chap 
lain  of  the  First  Regiment ;  a  stirring  and 
eloquent  address  was  delivered  by  Rev. 
Father  Quinn ;  and  a  spicy,  witty,  and  patri 
otic  poem  read  by  Capt.  Cyrus  G.  Dyer.  In 
the  afternoon,  "  Professor  Sweet/'  a  private  in 
the  Second  Regiment,  delighted  a  numerous 
assembly  of  spectators  with  his  famous,  brain- 
bewildering  "  Callacoes  "  and  "  Pancraticals." 
National  salutes  were  fired  at  sunrise,  noon, 
and  sunset.  The  day  passed  very  pleasantly 
and  peacefully,  and  without  accident  of  any 
kind.  A  week  after  this,  however,  the  camp 
was  startled  by  intelligence  of  a  most  distress 
ing  character.  While  the  battery  belonging 
to  the  Second  Regiment  was  engaged  in  drill, 
on  the  morning  of  July  9th,  one  of  the  ammu 
nition  wagons  exploded,  instantly  killing  pri- 


CAMP  LIFE  RESUMED.  71 

vate  Bourn,  mortally  wounding  corporal  Na 
than  T.  Morse,  Jr.,  and  injuring  several  other 
men.  Young  Morse  lingered  insensible  for 
an  hour  or  two,  and  then  peacefully  breathed 
his  last.  Funeral  ceremonies  were  performed 
at  noon  by  the  chaplains  of  both  regiments, 
which  were  in  attendance,  and  the  bodies  of 
our  unfortunate  comrades  were  sent  to  Provi 
dence.  This  sad  event  cast  a  deep  shadow  of 
gloom  over  the  camps. 

Congress  met  on  the  4th  of  July.  Wash 
ington  thronged  with  politicians.  The  nation 
became  impatient  for  activity  on  the  part  of 
the  army  of  the  Potomac.  It  seemed  as 
though  the  time  had  come  for  driving  back 
the  insolent  foe  that  was  menacing  the  Capi 
tal.  His  presence  was  regarded  almost  as  a 
personal  insult  by  the  people  of  the  North. 
Several  influential  journals,  particularly  in 
New  York,  headed  their  columns  with  the 
motto  :  "  The  war-cry  of  the  Nation  is,  '  On 
to  Richmond ;' "  and  indications  of  an  advance 
movement  began  to  multiply.  Almost  every 
important  matter  pertaining  to  the  army, 
found  its  way  into  the  public  journals,  and 
the  rebel  Generals  had,  doubtless,  full  inform- 


72  FIRST  RHODE  ISLAND  REGIMENT. 

ation  respecting  the  plans  of  the  Government. 
But  the  plans  of  the  Government,  under  the 
pressure  of  the  external  influences  that  were 
at  work,  were  very  hastily  matured.  Indeed, 
they  were  immature.  The  army  was  brigaded, 
July  8th,  just  eight  days  before  the  movement 
began.  Many  of  the  regiments  forming  the 
same  brigade,  and  many  of  the  officers  com 
manding  them,  had  not  seen  each  other,  or 
had  hardly  known  of  each  other.  Some  of 
the  regiments  had  been  in  camp  but  a  few 
weeks,  and  were  raw  troops.  The  staff- 
officers  were  to  be  appointed,  wagon-trains 
were  to  be  organized,  transportation  and  sub 
sistence-stores  to  be  collected,  ammunition 
and  arms  to  be  inspected,  trusty  guides  to  be 
found,  reliable  maps  to  be  surveyed,  projected 
and  drawn,  reconnoissances  to  be  made,  that 
the  most  trustworthy  intelligence  of  the  ene 
my's  movements  might  be  gained.  But  the 
country,  not  appreciating  the  difficulties  neces 
sary  to  the  occasion,  demanded  a  forward 
movement ;  and  a  forward  movement  was 
made.  It  was  both  too  early  and  too  late  ; 
too  early  for  the  perfect  discipline  of  the 
troops — too  late  for  a  surprise.  For  Gen. 


CAMP  LIFE  RESUMED.  73 

Beauregard  was  apprised  in  season  to  make 
his  dispositions  for  battle  at  his  leisure,  and 
Gen.  Johnston  had  time  to  lead  the  greater 
part  of  his  army  to  the  assistance  of  his 
brother  officer. 


74  FIRST  RHODE  ISLAND  REGIMENT. 


VI. 

BATTLE     OF     BULL     RUN. 

IT  was  expected  that  the  movement  would 
commence  on  Monday,  July  8th,  but  it  was 
unavoidably  delayed  till  Tuesday,  July  16th. 
The  army  consisted  of  47  regiments  of  in 
fantry,  1 1  batteries  of  artillery,  and  4  compa 
nies  of  cavalry.  The  infantry  averaged  about 
850  men  each,  making  a  force  of  39,950  ;  the 
artillery,  130  men  each,  1430 ;  and  the  cav 
alry,  70  men  each,  280 ; — the  w^hole  force 
amounting  to  41,660  men  ;  in  round  num 
bers,  42,000  men,  in  five  divisions.*  The 


*  I  have  probably  over-stated  this  average.  The  Report  of 
the  Sanitary  Commission  upon  the  subject  makes  the  average 
810  men  to  a  regiment.  One  regiment  had  but  640  men  on 
the  field.  Col.  Burnside's  brigade — four  regiments  and  one 
battery — numbered  3700  officers  and  men.  The  average  of 
the  Sanitary  Commission  would  make  the  entire  force  about 
40,000  men,  of  whom  at  least  10,000  were  not  within  several 
miles  of  the  battle  field. 


BATTLE  OF  BULL  RUN.  75 

Seventy-first  New  York  took  with  it  two 
Dalhgren  howitzers.  There  were,  therefore? 
fifty-five  pieces  of  artillery.  Some  of  the  bat 
teries  consisted  of  only  four  pieces,  and  one 
had  but  three — one  30-pound  and  two  20- 
pound  Parrott  guns.  Of  this  force,  fifteen 
regiments  and  one  battery  constituted  the  re 
serve,  to  which  were  added,  on  the  day  of 
battle,  four  regiments  and  three  batteries.  Of 
the  reserve,  seven  regiments,  under  command 
of  Gen.  Eunyon,  forming  the  Fourth  Division, 
were  left  in  the  rear,  to  follow  and  hold  the 
line  of  communication.  They  did  not  go 
more  than  a  mile  or  two  beyond  Fairfax  Court 
House.  When  the  army  left  the  neighbor 
hood  of  Washington,  on  Tuesday,  it  consisted 
of  35,000  men,  with  the  artillery  which  I  have 
mentioned.  This  force  marched  in  three  col 
umns — one  from  Alexandria,  upon  the  rail 
road  leading  to  Manassas,  and  upon  the  coun 
ty  road  parallel  to  the  railroad,  under  com 
mand  of  Col.  Heintzelman  ;  another,  under 
command  of  Brig.  Gen.  Tyler,  upon  the  rail 
road  leading  to  Leesburg,  as  far  as  Vienna, 
and  the  road  nearly  parallel,  to  Falls  Church ; 
the  third,  or  centre  column,  under  Col.  Hun- 


76'  FIRST  RHODE  ISLAND  REGIMENT. 

ter,  to  which  our  brigade  was  attached,  from 
Long  Bridge,  upon  the  road  leading  to  the 
Little  River  Turnpike,  which  was  the  direct 
road  to  Fairfax  Court  House.  Col.  Miles' 
division  followed  Col.  Heintzelman's  upon  the 
county  road,  the  first  day,  and  afterwards 
upon  the  railroad. 

Gov.  Sprague,  with  Col.  Gardner,  accompa 
nied  the  column  as  a  volunteer,  attaching 
himself  to  our  brigade.*  At  Annandale  we 
bivouacked;  and  beneath  the  clear  sky,  stud 
ded  with  the  sentinel  stars,  that  paced  their 
ceaseless  round,  we  slept  the  sleep  of  soldiers, 
weary  with  the  day's  march,  indeed,  but 
ready,  at  the  morrow's  dawn,  to  resume  our 
duty.  As  the  different  regiments  marched 
into  the  field  selected  for  the  bivouac,  and 
took  their  assigned  places,  the  scene  was  very 
inspiriting.  The  effect  was  heightened,  an 
hour  or  two  afterwards,  by  the  music  of  the 
different  drum-corps,  as  they  struck  the  tattoo. 


*  Joseph  P.  Manton,  Esq.,  of  Providence,  who  was  visiting 
the  camp  immediately  prior  to  the  departure  of  the  regiment, 
accompanied  our  advance  as  a  volunteer,  joining  the  ranks  of 
the  carbineers.  In  the  battle  of  Bull  Run,  he  did  manful  and 
efficient  service. 


BATTLE  OF  BULL  RUN.  77 

As  one  ceased,  the  other  took  up  the  strain, 
and,  as  the  notes  rose  upon  the  air,  now  near, 
now  distant,  now  full,  and  now  subdued,  we 
almost  forgot  that  we  were  soldiers,  in  our 
admiration  of  the  music.  A  repetition  at 
sunrise,  when  the  reveille  was  beat,  was  am 
ple  recompense  for  our  arousal  from  a  sound 
sleep  beneath  our  blankets. 

Our  division,  consisting  of  two  brigades, 
respectively  under  the  command  of  Cols. 
Burnside  and  Porter,  was  on  the  road  at  an 
early  hour.  Col.  Burnside's  brigade,*  consist 
ing  of  the  Second  Rhode  Island  Regiment, 


*  Col.  Burnside  was  appointed  to  the  command  of  a  bri^ader 
early  iii  July.  At  the  same  time,  Lieut.  Eugene  B.  Beau 
mont,  of  the  Fourth  Regiment  of  Cavalry,  U.  S.  A,,  was  de 
tailed  as  Aide-de-Camp.  He  immediately  joined  our  regiment, 
and  at  once  won  the  high  regard  of  officers  and  men.  A  grad 
uate  of  West  Point  in  the  class  of  1861,  he  was  a  thorough 
tactitian,  and  a  brave  and  accomplished  man.  Modest,  unas 
suming,  and  gentlemanly,  he  was  yet  full  of  energy  and  viva 
city,  and  became  a  most  agreeable  companion  at  the  table, 
and  a  most  useful  officer  in  the  camp.  At  the  battle  of  Bull 
Run,  he  bore  himself  with  great  bravery  and  self-possession, 
and  deserved  the  commendation  bestowed  by  his  commander, 
as  a  "  most  promising  young  officer."  We  separated  from  him: 
with  sincere  regret,  yet  with  feelings  of  unalloyed  pleasure,, 
that  he  had  been  connected,  even  for  a  brief  period,  with  the- 
First  Rhode  Island  Regiment. 

7* 


78  FIRST  RHODE  ISLAND  REGIMENT. 

with  Capt.  Keynolds'  battery,  the  First  Eegi- 
ment,  the  Second  New  Hampshire,  and  the 
Seventy-first  New  York,  was  in  advance.  I 
mention  the  regiments  as  they  were  formed 
in  brigade,  Tuesday  afternoon,  on  Pennsylva 
nia  Avenue,  for  the  first  time.  The  order 
was  preserved  through  the  entire  march.  The 
Second  Kegiment,  by  the  express  desire  of 
Col.  Slocum,  led  the  column.  As  Col.  Burn- 
side  was  in  command  of  the  brigade,  and  Lieut. 
Col.  Pitman*  had  been  detached  for  duty  at 
Providence,  our  own  regiment  was  under  the 
command  of  Major  Balch,  and  Col.  Slocum 
claimed  the  front  by  superiority  of  rank.  Major 
Balch  was  most  ably  assisted  by  Col.  William 
Goddard,  of  the  Governor's  staff,  who  had 
been  appointed  Second  Major.  We  made 
good  progress,  though  somewhat  cautious  and 
slow,  as  we  knew  that  the  enemy's  forces  oc 
cupied  Fairfax  Court  House,  and  we  expected 
to  be  compelled  to  dislodge  them.  Cavalry 
scouts  and  infantry  skirmishers  were  sent  for- 


*  Lieut.  Col.  Pitman  left  Washington  soon  after  our  return 
from  Frederick.  Col.  Goddard  was  appointed  Second  Major 
of  the  regiment,  June  27th,  1861. 


BATTLE  OF  BULL  RUN.  79 

ward,  and  we  gradually  felt  our  way  along, 
passing  the  smouldering  picket  fires  of  the 
enemy,  which  had  been  used  the  night  pre 
vious.  Suddenly,  at  a  point  on  the  road, 
about  three  miles  from  Fairfax,  we  found  that 
trees  had  been  felled  and  were  lying  across 
the  way.  The  brush  had  also  been  cut  away 
upon  the  sides  of  the  road,  to  give  a  good 
sweep  for  the  enemy's  artillery,  in  case  we 
should  go  round  the  obstruction,  instead  of 
through  it.  We  chose  the  latter,  and  the 
sturdy  New  Hampshire  men,  writh  their  axes, 
soon  cleared  the  path.  The  trees  had  been 
felled  for  the  distance  of  a  quarter  of  a  mile, 
and  they  were  cleared  away  in  less  than  half 
an  hour.  No  enemy  appeared,  and  we  pro 
ceeded  once  more.  Another  obstruction  was 
soon  found.  This  time,  one  large  tree  had 
been  cut  down  upon  the  top  of  an  embank 
ment,  and  in  its  fall,  it  had  struck  upon  its 
topmost  branches,  with  its  trunk  in  the  air. 
It  lay,  topsy-turvy,  in  the  road,  standing  on 
its  head.  We  simply  marched  around  this. 
Soon  we  heard  of  a  fortified  camp  which  com 
manded  our  approach.  Entrenchments  had 
been  thrown  up,  and  a  battery  of  eight  can- 


80  FIRST  RHODE  ISLAND  REGIMENT. 

non  was  prepared  to  welcome  us.  The  troops 
were  halted,  Col.  Burnside  rode  through  the 
ranks,  and  in  a  few  well-chosen  words,  advised 
the  men  of  the  danger  in  front,  and  the  neces 
sity  of  coolness  and  steadiness.  Forward  again, 
to  climb  the  hill,  upon  the  summit  of  which 
we  had  seen  horsemen,  appearing  to  watch 
our  movements,  who  rapidly  vanished  as  we 
approached.  We  reached  the  top,  and,  a  few 
hundred  rods  in  front,  stood  the  earth-work. 
But  there  was  no  enemy.  Only  our  friends 
of  the  Second  Regiment  were  in  sight  before 
us,  with  their  companies  of  skirmishers  recon- 
noitering  the  position.  It  had  been  aban 
doned  only  an  hour  or  two  before.  A  bank 
of  earth  had  been  thrown  up  on  both  sides  of 
the  road,  embrasures  for  cannon  had  been 
made  with  sand-bags;  and  with  artillery,  prop 
erly  served,  it  might  have  delayed  us  for  a 
few  minutes.  But  it  was  clumsily  construct 
ed,  and  could  have  been  carried  by  one  vig 
orous  assault.  The  officer  in  command  prob 
ably  found  that  it  was  untenable,  and  his 
troops  were  withdrawn.  A  few  articles  were 
found  in  the  grounds,  and  a  mulatto  man,  Avho 
announced  himself  as  the  servant  of  one  of 


BATTLE  OF  BULL  KUN.  81 

the  rebel  officers,  was  captured.  He  had  in 
his  possession  a  sword  and  sheath,  and  seemed 
to  have  charge  of  some  personal  baggage  that 
was  lying  about  the  deserted  camp.  We  im 
mediately  pushed  forward  into  the  town.  The 
color  sergeant  of  the  Second  Regiment  dis 
played  the  regimental  colors  upon  the  roof  of 
a  barn  to  which  he  climbed,  to  attract  the  no 
tice  of  Gen.  Tyler's  Division,  whose  wragons 
we  saw  at  a  distance,  upon  the  road  from  Vi 
enna  and  Falls  Church,  stopped,  as  we  had 
been,  by  fallen  trees.  The  First  Regiment 
marched  in  to  the  music  of  the  band  playing 
national  airs,  and  the  Second  New  Hampshire 
planted  the  national  flag  upon  the  cupola  of 
the  Court  House.  The  regiments  composing 
the  division  were  immediately  stationed  about 
the  town,  and  Fairfax  Court  House  was  ours. 
Its  garrison  would  also  have  been  ours,  if  Gen. 
Tyler  had  not  been  delayed,  or  if  he  had 
started  an  hour  or  two  earlier.  More  earth 
works  had  been  found  about  the  village,  and 
several  deserted  camps,  with  a  few  stands  of 
arms,  a  mail  bag,  just  arrived  from  the  south, 
tents,  bales  of  blankets,  and  medical  stores. 
Our  friends  had  evidently  left  in  great  haste, 


82  FIRST  RHODE  ISLAND  REGIMENT. 

and  we  certainly  preferred  their  room  to  their 
company. 

I  am  sorry  to  say,  that  the  occupation  of 
Fairfax  by  our  troops  was  marked,  in  some 
instances,  by  pillage  and  destruction.  Several 
unoccupied  houses  were  forcibly  entered, 
their  furniture  injured  or  smashed  to  pieces, 
and  many  articles  stolen  and  carried  away. 
There  was  no  reason  for  such  wilful  destruc 
tion  of  property,  and  there  was  no  excuse  for 
it.  It  left  enemies  behind  us,  when  we  might 
have  secured  friends.  Men,  who  would  have 
scorned  to  do  such  a  thing  at  home,  seemed 
eager  and  more  than  ready  to  lay  their  hands 
upon  what  was  not  their  own.  Many  things 
were  taken  which  could  not  possibly  be  car 
ried  upon  the  march,  and  which  were  thrown 
aside  the  next  morning,  and  left  upon  the 
road.  There  was  such  an  element  of  mean 
ness  and  of  cowardice  in  all  this,  that  I  could 
not  help  condemning  it  then,  and  I  condemn 
it  now.  There  is  some  glory  in  winning  a 
trophy  in  a  fair  fight.  But  the  appropriation 
of  private  property  in  a  defenceless  town,  is 
nothing  better  than  theft.  It  does  not  rise 


BATTLE  OF  BULL  RUN.  83 

even  to  the  dignity  of  burglary,  for  that  re- 
qnires  a  certain  amount  of  courage. 

We  remained  at  Fairfax  through  the  after 
noon  of  Wednesday  and  the  following  night. 
Thursday  morning,  we  marched  a  mile  or 
more  beyond  the  village,  and  halted  in  a  wood, 
where  we  remained  through  the  forenoon,  and 
a  part  of  the  afternoon  of  Thursday.  There 
were  rumors  of  a  fight  at  Centreville.  But 
we  could  then  gain  no  accurate  information 
respecting  it.  We  remained  where  we  were 
until  our  orders  came  to  move  forward.  We 
then  pushed  on,  passing  a  few  deserted  camps 
on  the  way,  till  we  reached  a  point  a  mile 
this  side  of  Centreville,  where  the  whole  di 
vision  bivouacked  at  sunset,  and  where  we 
remained  till  Sunday  morning,  July  21st. 
The  rebel  army  was  within  four  or  five  miles, 
and  the  order  for  battle  might  be  expected  at 
any  moment. 

Two  days  were  very  agreeably  spent  at 
this  encampment.  The  weather  was  delight 
ful,  the  surroundings  were  not  unpleasant, 
and  though  the  nearness  of  danger  and  duty 
might  have  toned  down  any  spirit  of  undue 
hilarity,  yet  we  were  not  without  our 


84  FIRST  RHODE  ISLAND  REGIMENT. 

sources  of  enjoyment.  The  song  and  the  joke 
went  round  as  merrily,  and  the  temper  of  the 
camp  was  as  cheerful  as  at  any  time  in  our 
temporary  home  in  Washington.  The  days 
passed  peacefully  away,  and  at  night  the 
camp-fires  of  forty  regiments  lighted  up  the 
scene  with  indescribable  beauty.  In  a  day  or 
two,  twenty  of  those  regiments  were  to  beat 
in  vain  upon  the  batteries  of  Manassas,  and 
fall  back,  broken  and  defeated.  But  this  we 
did  not  anticipate,  and  we  looked  hopefully 
forward  to  victory;  and  victory  we  should 
have  had,  if  the  plans  of  the  commanding 
General,  in  the  disposition  of  his  forces,  had 
been  carried  out  to  their  fulfilment. 

To  explain  to  the  reader  the  position  of 
the  forces  engaged,  and  the  battles  of  Thurs 
day  and  Sunday,  I  refer  to  my  diagram. 
The  position  of  the  forces  on  Thursday,  was 
at  Blackburn's  and  Mitchell's  Fords.  Gen. 
Tyler,  having  spent  Wednesday  night  at  or 
near  Germantown,  proceeded,  early  on  Thurs 
day  morning,  to  Centreville.  He  found  it 
abandoned,  and,  while  our  division  remained 
on  the  road  as  a"  reserve,  he  pressed  forward 
to  occupy  the  place.  He  had  understood  that 


EXPLANATION  OF  THE  MAP  OF  THE  BATTLE   FIELDS 
OF  BLACKBURN'S  FORD  AND  BULL  RUN. 


Me.  McLean's  Ford.  B.  Blackburn's  Ford.  M.  Mitch 
ell's  Ford.  S.  B.  Stone  Bridge.  Br.  Bridge  over  Cub 
Run,  where  artillery  was  lost.  P.  Poplar  or  Red  Hill 
Ford,  where  Heintzelman  was  to  have  crossed.  H.  fy  H. 
Hunter  and  Heintzelman's  route  to  Sudley  Ford.  Ty. 
Tyler's  route.  ^.^.Battlefield:  1.  First  position:  2. 
Second  position,  where  Griffin's  and  Rickett's  batteries 
were  lost.  F.  F.  F.  Fords  across  Bull  Run  and  Cub  Run. 
Me.  H.  Q.  McDowell's  Headquarters  before  the  battle. 
B.  H.  Q.  Beauregard's  Headquarters.  A  A .  Enemy's 
camps,  a.  Tyler's  camps  before  the  battle,  b.  Hunter's 
camps.  R.  I.  regiments  and  battery  on  the  north  of  turn 
pike,  c.  Heintzelman's  camps,  d.  Miles'  camps,  e.  Rich 
ardson's  brigade,  July  18th.  f.  Richardson's  and  Davies' 
brigades,  July  21st.  g.  Blenker's  brigade,  afternoon  of 
21st.  i.  Schenck's  brigade  through  the  day,  21st.  L 
Keyes'  brigade  and  1.  Sherman's  brigade,  crossed  at  P.  and 
engaged  in  the  fight,  noon  of  21st.  m.  Howard's  brigade 
as  reserve,  n.  Burnside's  brigade,  o.  Porter's  brigade. 
p.  Heintzelman's  division. 


BATTLE  OF  BULL  RUN.  85 

the  plan  of  the  commanding  General  was  to 
approach  Manassas  on  the  left,  by  way  of 
Union  Mills.  With  this  plan  in  mind,  he  de 
tached  one  of  his  brigades,  under  command  of 
Col.  Richardson,  to  reconnoitre  the  batteries 
known  to  be  guarding  the  two  fords  across 
Bull  Run,  between  Union  Mills  and  Stone 
Bridge.  A  portion  of  the  First  Massachusetts, 
one  or  two  companies  of  a  Michigan  regiment, 
and  the  whole  of  the  Twelfth  New  York  Regi 
ment,  were  sent  down  to  the  Run.  They 
were  fired  upon  by  the  enemy's  batteries  upon 
the  other  side,  and,  after  being  supported  in 
the  reconnoissance  for  awhile  by  one  or  two 
guns  of  Ayres'  battery,  finally  retired,  having 
lost  a  few  men  in  killed  and  wounded,  while 
the  enemy  were  moving  up  in  great  force 
from  Manassas.  Gen,  Beauregard,  whose 
headquarters  were  not  far  from  this  place, 
doubtless  supposed  that  we  were  to  make  our 
main  attack  at  this  ford  upon  Thursday.  It 
is  my  own  opinion,  that  if  a  general  engage 
ment  had  been  brought  on  at  this  time,  we 
should  have  been  victorious.  Our  own  men 
were  flushed  with  the  success  of  the  previous 
day.  They  had  seen  the  enemy's  forces  fly- 
8 


86  FIRST  RHODE  ISLAND  REGIMENT, 

ing  before  them,  and  were  eager  to  try  their 
strength.  Those  forces  themselves  were  more 
or  less  demoralized  by  their  hasty  retreat. 
Cols.  Heintzelman  and  Miles  were  at  Sang- 
ster's,  and  on  the  railroad  ;  Gen.  Tyler,  with 
three  other  brigades,  was  in  the  immediate 
neighborhood.  Our  own  division  was  resting 
on  the  road  within  call.  At  all  events,  what 
ever  might  have  happened,  it  could  not  have 
been  worse  than  on  Sunday.  Gen.  Johnston 
had  not  yet  brought  down  his  army  from  Win 
chester.  Had  a  quick,  decisive  blow  been 
struck  at  that  time,  it  would,  doubtless,  have 
been  successful.  But  nothing  was  done. 
Eichardson  encamped  his  brigade  near  the 
position  which  he  had  occupied  on  the  field, 
and  the  rest  of  the  army  wrent  forward  and 
encamped  at  the  points  shown  upon  the  map. 
The  result  of  the  battle  on  Thursday  was  to 
check  our  own  advance,  and  to  give  encour 
agement  to  the  enemy.  The  men  had  time, 
on  Friday  and  Saturday,  to  talk  over  the  mat 
ter.  Crowds  of  civilians  came  out  from  Wash 
ington  to  view  the  field,  and,  in  their  ram- 
blings,  picked  up  numerous  stories  and  rumors 
about  the  bayoneting  of  the  wounded,  and 


BATTLE  OF  BULL  RUtf.  87 

the  terrible  scene  of  carnage  which  had  been 
enacted,  all  of  which  were  retailed  with  con 
siderable  exaggeration.  "  There  had  been 
1000  killed  and  wounded" — a  Our  men  had 
broken  and  run  like  sheep " — "  The  enemy 
was  out-generaling  us," — and  other  statements, 
equally  extravagant  and  improbable,  found 
eager  listeners.  Meanwhile,  the  army  lay 
motionless ;  the  commanding  General  had 
changed  his  plans,  and  the  ground  must  be 
examined  anew.  And  all  the  time,  through 
the  day  and  the  night,  the  shrieks  of  the  loco 
motives  could  be  heard  by  our  outposts,  as 
the  trains  arrived  from  Richmond  and  Stras- 
burg,  bringing  up  the  needed  reinforcements. 
The  two  most  valuable  days  of  the  summer 
were  lost  by  this  fatal  inaction. 

At  last,  the  movement  commenced.  We 
were  to  start  on  Saturday,  at  6  o'clock  P.  M., 
but  the  necessary  preparations  had  not  all  been 
made,  and  the  hour  of  marching  was  finally 
fixed  upon  at  two  and  a  half  o'clock,  Sunday 
morning.  Our  division  was  promptly  on  the 
road.  The  moon  was  just  sinking  in  the  west  • 
a  cool  wind  which  had  sprung  up  in  the  night 
made  the  morning  chilly;  the  column  pro- 


FIRST  RHODE  ISLAND  REGIMENT. 

ceeded  in  complete  silence,  broken  only  by 
the  quick  wo^d  of  command  given  by  the  dif 
ferent  officers;  the  camp-fires  burnt  with  that 
lurid  light  peculiarly  to  be  observed  in  those 
hours  immediately  preceding  the  dawn ;  the 
white  baggage  wagons,  relieved  by  the  dark 
foliage  of  the  forest,  had  a  singularly  ghostly 
appearance,  and  the  ambulances  were  sugges 
tive  of  anything  but  pleasant  thoughts.  It 
was  Sunday  morning,  a  day  not  thus  accus 
tomed  to  be  observed  by  those  who  had  been 
nurtured  in  New  England  homes.  Altogether. 

o  o  / 

the  scene  and  the  time  were  not  calculated  to 
inspire  one  with  any  very  cheerful  anticipa 
tions  or  hopes.  Yet  the  men,  notwithstand 
ing  their  want  of  sleep,  from  which  the  sum 
mons  to  march  had  roused  them,  seemed 
ready  and  willing  to  go  forward,  and  we 
marched  through  the  village  with  firm,  steady, 
and  soldierly  bearing.  Here  came  a  halt. 
Gen.  Tyler's  division  had  not  yet  been  formed. 
The  nearest  to  the  front,  it  was  still  unpre 
pared  to  move.  Finally,  the  column  was 
formed,  and  we  moved  forward  once  more? 
this  time  in  three  parallel  lines,  one  occupying 
the  road,  the  other  two  the  fields  upon  either 


BATTLE  OF  BULL  RUN.  89 

side.  We  descended  the  hill  sloping  to  Cub 
Run.  Another  halt.  Across  one  narrow 
bridge  which  spanned  the  river,  this  whole 
army  was  to  file.  Our  division  was  obliged 
to  waitxtill  all  of  Tyler's  division,  eleven  regi 
ments,  with  artillery,  had  passed.  When  Gen. 
Tyler  had  crossed  with  his  command,  we  fol 
lowed  as  speedily  as  possible.  But,  of  course, 
our  progress  was  very  slow,  and  when  we 
actually  crossed  the  bridge,  men  were  at  work 
staying  and  propping  the  structure,  to  sustain 
the  weight  of  our  passage.  We  kept  on  up 
the  turnpike,  as  far  as  the  point  wh'lre  a 
branch  road  turns  to  the  right  among  the 
woods.  Gen.  Tyler  had  orders  to  pass  up  the 
turnpike  as  far  as  the  Stone  Bridge,  there  to 
make  a  feint  of  attacking,  till  our  division, 
with  that  of  Col.  Heintzelman,  which  immedi 
ately  followed  us,  should  get  into  position 
across  Bull  Run  at  the  two  upper  fords. 

Gen.  Tyler,  therefore,  went  forward,  and  we- 
diverged  from  the  turnpike  to  the  right.  In 
the  fork  of  the  road  stands  a  small  building, 
and  near  it  were  Gen.  McDowell  and  his  staff, 
who  remained  until  the  entire  column  had 
passed  on.  Emerging  soon  from  the  woods, 
8* 


90  FIRST  RHODE  ISLAND  REGIMENT. 

that  partially  obscured  the  entrance,  we  en 
tered  upon  a  large  open  space,  where  skir 
mishers  were  thrown  out  by  all  the  regiments, 
and  flanking  companies  to  right  and  left.  The 
Second  Khocle  Island  led,  followed  by  a  wagon 
filled  with  shovels,  axes,  and  entrenching  tools, 
guarded  by  a  company  of  engineers  from  the 
Seventy-first ;  then  Capt.  Eeynolds'  battery ; 
then  the  First  Regiment,  followed  by  the 
Second  New  Hampshire  and  the  remainder  of 
the  Seventy-first,  with  tlieir  howitzers.  Col. 
Porter's  brigade  was  immediately  behind  us? 
and  £ol.  Heintzelman's  division  brought  up 
the  rear.  From  this  division,  Col.  Howard's 
brigade  was  retained  at  the  fork  of  the  road, 
to  act  as  a  reserve  at  this  point.  The  divi 
sion  had  also  been  weakened  by  the  with 
drawal  of  the  Fourth  Pennsylvania  Eegiment, 
belonging  to  Col.  Franklin's  brigade,  which, 
with  Capt.  Varian's  battery,  from  Tyler's  divi 
sion,  was,  at  a  later  hour,  "  inarching  to  the 
rear  to  the  music  of  the  enemy's  cannon." 
The  sun  had  already  risen  as  we  passed 
through  this  open  field,  and  two  distinct  re 
ports,  coming  from  the  30-pounder  Parrott 
gun  which  Tyler  had,  were  borne  to  our  ears 


BATTLE  OF  BULL  EUN.  91 

upon  the  morning  air.  They  were  not  re 
peated  or  replied  to.  The  enemy  was  not 
yet  ready.  But  we  knew  that  Tyler  had 
reached  his  position.  On,  again,  through  the 
woods  we  went,  stopped  now  and  then  by 
fallen  trunks  of  trees,  which,  on  this  long  un 
used  road,  had,  in  some  places,  accumulated 
sufficiently  to  obstruct  the  way,  and  occasion 
ally  halting  for  reconnoitering  purposes. 

Col.  Porter,  in  his  report,  seems  to  complain 
of  these  delays,  and  attempts  to  fasten  the 
responsibility  upon  "  Col.  Burnside's  brigade." 
He  probably  forgot,  for  a  moment,  that  the 
division  commander,  and  not  Col.  Burnside, 
had  the  direction  of  the  march,  and  issued  all 
the  orders.  It  certainly  was  ungenerous 
enough  for  him  to  make  such  a  return  for  the 
labor  of  Col.  Burnside's  men,  wha  were  clear 
ing  the  road  and  examining  the  woods,  that 
his  brigade  might  pass  with  ease  and  safety. 
Harassed  by  these  delays,  the  march  was 
somewhat  fatiguing,  and  some  of  the  men  be 
came  weary  for  the  want  of  sleep  and  food. 
But  an  occasional  nap  by  the  roadside,  and  a 
nibble  at  the  hard  bread  in  their  haversacks, 
were  all  that  could  be  allowed.  Forward  then 


92  FIRST  RHODE  ISLAND  REGIMENT. 

we  marched,  coming  out  of  the  woods  about 
four  miles  from  the  point  where  we  had 
turned  off.  It  must  have  been  at  this  time 
nearly  nine  o'clock,  and,  as  we  passed  out 
upon  the  open  plateau  upon  the  north  side  of 
the  Bun,  we  again  heard  cannonading.  It 
continued  briskly  for  fifteen  or  twenty  min 
utes,  and  then  ceased.  Our  friends  upon  the 
left  were  engaging  the  attention  of  the  enemy, 
and  attempting  to  divert  him  from  our  move 
ment  on  his  flank.  But  they  did  not  quite 
succeed.  Clouds  of  dust  were  seen  rising 
upon  our  left,  from  two  or  three  points,  beto 
kening  the  advance  of  large  bodies  of  men  to 
meet  our  own  advance.  We  pushed  on.  Pass 
ing  through  one  or  two  corn-fields,  and  by  a  few 
thrifty  looking  farm-houses,  we  at  last  reached 
the  ford  at*Sudley's  Spring.  The  day  was 
growing  warm.  The  artillery  horses  and  the 
men  were  thirsty,  and  we  passed  slowly,  allow 
ing  our  men  and  animals  to  drink.  At  that 
moment,  Gen.  McDowell  and  his  staff  rode 
up,  with  the  words,  "  the  enemy  is  moving 
heavy  columns  from  Manassas."  We  again 
went  forward,  soon  passed  Sudley  Church,  and 
a  moment  after,  the  report  of  musketry  and 


BATTLE  OF  BULL  RUN.  93 

cannon  was  heard  from  the  front.  Our  skir 
mishers  of  the  Second  Regiment  had  met 
those  of  the  enemy,  and  the  battle  had  com 
menced.  Col.  Hunter  at  once  ordered  the 
Second  Regiment,  with  its  battery,  into  action. 
The  infantry,  with  a  shout,  plunged  through 
the  woods  which  skirted  the  road  upon  the 
left ;  the  battery  went  up  the  road,  took  po 
sition  with  the  Second  Regiment,  immediately 
upon  its  left,  and  commenced  firing.  Col. 
Porter  again  complains  that  "  Col.  Burnside's 
brigade  were  attacking  with  too  hasty  vigor." 
It  was  our  brave  Second  Regiment,  sent 
thus  early  and  unsupported  into  the  fight,  not 
by  Col.  Burnside,  but  by  Col.  Hunter.  Then 
the  division  commander  sent  an  order  to  Col. 
Burnside — not  to  bring  up  the  balance  of  his 
brigade,  but — to  deploy  three  regiments  into 
an  open  field  to  the  right  of  the  wood,  and 
allow  Col.  Porter  to  pass  us  and  go  upon  the 
field,  where  our  men  were  contending  with 
fearful  odds.  But  Col.  Porter,  instead  of  pass 
ing  us  as  was  intended,  deployed  his  brigade 
in  our  rear,  still  farther  from  the  scene  of  ac 
tion.  At  that  moment,  Col.  Hunter  retired 
down  the  road,  wounded  on  the  left  cheek, 


94  FIRST  RHODE  ISLAND  REGIMENT. 

and  supported  by  one  of  his  aids.  As  he 
passed  Col.  Burnside,  who  was  in  the  field, 
preparing  to  move  his  brigade  forward,  he 
said :  "  Burnside,  I  leave  the  matter  in  your 
hands.  Slocum  and  his  regiment  w^ent  in 
bravely,  and  drove  the  scoundrels."  Col. 
Burnside  immediately  ordered  up  the  remain 
der  of  the  brigade  to  the  support  of  the  Second 
Eegiment.  The  First  Regiment,  though  in 
tended  to  be  held  as  a  reserve,  was  at  once 
sent  upon  the  field,  changing  front  and  charg 
ing  gallantly  through  the  woods,  into  which 
the  enemy's  shot  and  shell  were  falling  rapid 
ly.  The  field  beyond  was  ploughed  by  can 
non  balls.  This  simple  statement  of  facts  ex 
plains  why  the  Second  Regiment  was  left 
unsupported  for  so  long  a  time.  It  is  also  to 
the  credit  of  that  gallant  regiment,  that  it 
thus  bore  itself  so  steadily  and  bravely  under 
the  heavy  firing  of  the  enemy's  attack. 

I  am  not  a  military  man,  and  I  pronounce 
my  opinion  here  with  considerable  diffidence. 
But  it  seems  to  me,  that  if  our  skirmishers 
and  leading  regiment  had  fallen  back  upon 
the  main  body,  and  Col.  Hunter  had  formed 
his  entire  division  in  line  of  battle,  or  in  col- 


BATTLE  OF  BULL  RUN.  95 

umns  by  divisions,  one  brigade  supporting  the 
other,  and  then  advanced,  or  awaited  an  at 
tack,  the  result  would  have  been  different. 
We  should,  probably,  have  overwhelmed  the 
enemy's  force  at  that  point,  and  occupied  a 
position  which  was  almost  unassailable,  with 
but  little  loss  of  life.  The  ground  was  very 
favorable  for  such  a  movement,  with  open 
ground  in  the  centre,  and  woods  on  either 
flank.  An  abandoned  railroad  track,  passing 
through  this  field,  made  a  respectable  en 
trenchment.  Col.  Hunter  adopted  a  different 
plan,  and  the  regiments  went  in  singly  to  the 
battle,  marching  to  the  field  in  one  long,  strag 
gling  column. 

The  Seventy-first,  with  its  pieces,  followed 
the  First  Regiment,  and  took  post  upon  the 
left  of  our  battery,  in  the  place  vacated  by 
the  Second  Regiment,  which  had  moved  far 
ther  to  the  left,  to  prevent  a  flank  movement 
of  the  enemy.  Our  First  Regiment  was  now 
upon  the  right  of  the  Second,  and  the  battle 
was  raging  furiously.  The  Second  New  Hamp 
shire  had  gone  over  to  the  right,  in  the  field 
to  the  rear,  and  was  exposed  to  a  fire  which 
it  could  not  well  return.  It  was  immedi- 


t)6  FIRST  RHODE  ISLAND  REGIMENT 

ately  ordered  up  to  join  its  companions  in  the 
brigade,  and  took  position  to  the  rear  and 
left  of  our  battery,  to  afford  support  in  case  of 
case  of  a  charge  by  the  foe.  The  whole  brigade 
was  now  upon  the  field,  bravely  sustaining  the 
brunt  of  the  enemy's  attack.  Of  Porter's 
brigade,  Griffin's  battery,  —  having  driven 
through  the  lines  of  the  Seventy-first,  —  had 
taken  its  position,  and  its  supports  rapidly 
came  up  and  took  their  posts  upon  his  right. 

Heintzelman's  division  had  been  ordered  to 
cross  at  the  lower  ford,  but  by  some  mischance 
had  not  been  able  to  find  the  road  which  led 
to  it.  It  had,  therefore,  followed  us,  and  was 
at  this  time  near  Sudley's  Ford.  As  it  came 
up  the  road,  it  deployed  towards  the  right, 
and  took  position  towards  the  road  parallel 
to  that  from  Sudley's.  It  is  what  is  called 
the  Gum  Spring  road,  and  leads  to  Leesburg. 
The  position  of  the  forces  at  this  time  was  as 
follows:  Col.  Davies'  and  Col.  Richardson's 
brigades,  (8  regiments  of  infantry  and  3  bat 
teries  of  artillery,  10  pieces,)  at  Blackburn's 
and  Mitchell's  Fords,  and  upon  the  roads, 
guarding  and  holding  the  extreme  left; 
Blenker's  brigade,  (4  regiments  and  1  battery, 


BATTLE  OF  BULL  RUN.  97 

with  Capt.  Yarian's  abandoned  pieces,  10 
guns,)  at  Centre ville ;  Howard's  brigade,  (4 
regimen ts,)  at  the  fork  of  the  Sudley  road  and 
Warrenton  turnpike  ;  Tyler's  division,  (11  regi 
ments,  11  pieces  of  artillery.)  at  the  Stone 
Bridge,  not  having  yet  crossed  the  Run ;  Hun 
ter's  division,  (7  regiments,  18  pieces  of  artil 
lery,)  occupying  the  field  to  the  west  of  Bull 
Run,  and  upon  the  extreme  right.  Heintzel- 
man's  division,  ( 5  regiments,  6  pieces  of  artil 
lery,)  was  coining  up.  There  were  a  few 
companies  of  cavalry,  which  were  prevented, 
by  the  inequalities  of  the  ground,  from  accom 
plishing  any  harm  to  the  enemy.  They  sim 
ply  added  to  the  panic  which  afterwards  pre 
vailed.  A  few  days  after  the  battle,  the  cap 
tain  of  one  of  these  companies,  resigning  his 
command,  went  over  to  the  rebels. 

It  will  be  seen,  by  this  statement  of  the 
action,  that  our  brigade  was  bearing  the  very 
heaviest  part  of  the  battle  at  this  time.  At 
this  point,  the  enemy,  passing  across  the  turn 
pike,  in  front  of  Tyler,  was  concentrating  his 
forces.  The  roar  of  cannon,  the  rattle  of 
musketry,  were  incessant.  The  bullets  pat 
tered  like  raindrops,  the  shot  and  shell  from 
9 


98  FIRST  RHODE  ISLAND  REGIMENT. 

the  rifled  cannon,  with  their  peculiar  whiz 
and  report,  seemed  to  fill  the  air.  Clouds  of 
smoke  hovered  over  the  fray,  and  shut  out 
the  scene.  Our  men  replied  most  gallantly. 
The  rifled  cannon  of  our  battery  spoke  in 
thunder.  The  howitzers  of  the  Seventy-first 
were  bravely  and  gallantly  served.  The  in 
fantry  poured  in  destructive  volleys.  Sud 
denly,  in  front  of  the  First  Regiment,  there 
was  a  momentary  lull.  There  was  a  body  of 
men  before  it  bearing  the  Union  flag. 
"  Throw  up  your  muskets,  boys,"  shouted  our 
officers;  "for  God's  sake,  don't  fire  on  our 


own  men." 


They  came  nearer  and  nearer  still,  then 
dropping  the  Union  flag  and  raising  the  se 
cession  banner,  they  poured  in  a  terrific  vol 
ley.  It  was  returned  with  interest,  and  they 
precipitately  retired  before  the  deadly  aim  of 
our  cruelly  deceived  men.  We  heard  from 
the  Second  Regiment.  Slocum  had  fallen, 
pierced  with  several  bullets,  our  own  brave 
Major  once  ;  Ballou  had  been  struck  by  a 
cannon  ball,  which  had  killed  his  horse  and 
shattered  one  of  his  legs.  Tower,  once  ours, 
too,  like  his  Colonel,  had  been  shot  dead,  and 


BATTLE  OF  BULL  RUN.  99 

others  were  wounded  and  killed.  We;  our 
selves,  had  lost  our  Prescott  so  highly  esteem 
ed  by  all,  and  several  soldiers  shot  and  wound 
ed.  Our  color  sergeant  had  been  wounded. 
One  of  the  guard  who  had  taken  the  flag  had 
also  been  struck.  Still  another.,  who  had 
taken  it  from  him,  had  been  disabled.  Yet  the 
flag  was  there,  waving  defiantly  in  the  front 
and  centre  of  our  line.  It  went  into  the  fight 
with  the  regiment,  and  with  the  regiment  it 
came  out.  Thus  we  were  getting  on,  the  en 
emy  pouring  up  with  his  troops  upon  our 
whole  front.  Heintzelman  was  now  up,  and 
engaging  upon  our  right,  and  the  enemy  was 
attempting  to  turn  our  flank  upon  the  left. 
The  Second  Regiment*  moved  farther  out  and 
prevented  him.  '  Col.  Burnside  looked  over 
the  field.  "  We  must  have  the  regulars."  said 
he,  and  off  he  went  for  them,  not  thinking 
that  an  Aide  could  induce  Col.  Porter  to  send 
them  to  our  assistance.  Back  he  came  with 
them,  charging  across  the  field  at  a  double 
quick,  and  with  loud  cheers.  Just  then,  upon 
our  left,  came  in  sight  a  large  body  of  men. 
Who  could  they  be  ?  If  the  enemy,  we  were 
certainly  ruined.  Anxious  eyes  watched  for 


100  FIRST  RHODE  ISLAND  REGIMENT. 

the  flag.  It  blew  out  above  the  glistening 
bayonets — the  stars  and  stripes,  thank  God ! 
It  was  Sherman's  brigade,  with  the  Sixty- 
ninth  New  York  in  front,  which  Gen.  McDow 
ell  had  sent  for,  and  which,  crossing  the  Run 
above  Stone  Bridge,  was  coming  to  our 
support.  Steadily  forward  came  the  column, 
and  without  halting  marched  round  to  our 
position,  and  formed  directly  in  our  rear.  Our 
brigade  had  been  under  fire  about  two  hours, 
more  or  less. 

The  enemy  had  retired,  with  severe  loss, 
from  the  woods,  which  he  had  obstinately 
held  upon  our  left  and  front.  Our  ammuni 
tion  was  well  nigh  exhausted.  The  three 
regiments  upon  the  left  had  lost  three  hun 
dred  men,  and  several  horses  had  been  killed 
in  the  battery.  Gov.  Sprague,  who  had  been 
conspicuous  upon  the  field,  assisting  Col. 
Burnside  in  the  disposition  of  the  troops,  and 
Lieut.  Weeden,  a  most  brave  and  active 
officer  in  Capt.  Reynolds'  battery,  had  each  a 
horse  shot  under  them.  But  the  tide  of  bat 
tle  had  been  turned  away  from  this  part  of 
the  field,  by  the  steadiness  and  gallantry  of 
our  men.  It  was  time  to  withdraw  the  brig- 


BATTLE  OF  BULL  RCJtf./-,  IQj. 

ade.  All  the  regiments  were  drawn  off  into 
the  field  in  the  rear,  with  the  exception  of  the 
Second  New  Hampshire,  which  still  remained, 
and  was  afterwards  engaged  with  the  enemy 
in  a  different  part  of  the  field.  Col.  Marston 
of  this  regiment  was  wounded  in  the  early 
part  of  the  day.  But.  with  true  New  Hamp 
shire  pluck,  he  refused  to  quit  the  field,  and 
aided  by  Lieut.  Col.  Fiske,  a  gallant  officer, 
still  directed  the  movements  of  his  regiment, 
which  bravely  performed  every  duty  which 
was  required  of  brave  men.  Capt.  Reynolds' 
battery  took  a  position  farther  to  the  front, 
and  did  most  effective  service  throughout  the 
action.  Leaving  Sherman's  brigade  with 
Keyes',  which  had  followed  Sherman's,  and 
had  now  come  up  and  was  ready  to  go  into 
the  conflict,  our  own  brigade  retired  in  com 
plete  order  and  stacked  arms,  to  receive  its 
ammunition  and  rest  awhile,  expecting  to  re 
sume  the  battle  at  a  later  period.  While  in 
this  position,  the  Colonel  rode  up,  and  asked : 
"  Well,  boys,  how  have  you  fared  ?"  Then,  as 
he  saw  the  vacant  places,  a  tear  started  to  his 
eye.  He  remembered  that  he  had  lost  his 
friend  and  brave  companion  in  arms,  Slocuni ; 


FfRS'T  RHODE  ISLAND  REGIMENT. 


that  Ballou,  the  heroic,  devoted  servant  of 
duty,  had  fallen  mortally  wounded;  that 
his  gallant  young  Ensign,  then  Captain 
Tower,  was  lying  dead  upon  the  field  ;  that 
our  own  manly,  Christian  soldier,  Prescott, 
had  gone  to  his  reward  above  the  smoke  and 
carnage  of  the  battle  ;  and  that  many  of  those 
whom  he  regarded  almost  as  his  children,  had 
been  mangled  or  killed.  He  could  not 
keep  back  the  rising  tear.  It  was  but  for  a 
moment.  He  brushed  it  hastily  away,  and 
rode  once  more  to  the  front  to  meet  again 
the  danger.  What  one  of  us,  who  is  not  ab 
solutely  hardened  in  heart,  and  bereft  of  all 
sympathy  with  pain  and  grief,  but  would 
esteem  him  all  the  more,  that  he  had  the  feel 
ings  of  a  man  as  well  as  the  valor  of  a  sol 
dier  ? 

Upon  the  immediate  field  where  we  had 
been  engaged,  stood  a  small  one  story  house. 
There  was  a  small  yard  in  front,  and  immedi 
ately  in  front  of  that,  a  well  of  water.  The 
house  and  yard  were  full  of  wounded  and  dy 
ing  men,  among  whom  Dr.  Harris  was  hard  at 
work  ;  and  many  had  fallen  in  the  neighbor 
hood  of  the  well.  Many  others  had  been 


BATTLE  OF  BULL  RUN.  103 

brought  up  from  the  field.  In  one  room  of 
this  house,  lay  Col.  Slocum,  speechless,  but 
still  conscious  and  recognizing  his  friends.  It 
was  necessary  to  remove  these  persons  to  the 
rea.r.  The  ambulances  were  driven  up,  filled, 
and  returned,  again  and  again.  More  men 
were  brought  in,  bandaged  as  well  as  could  be 
done  at  that  place,  and  sent  back  to  the  sur 
geons  who  were  at  Sudley  Church  and  a 
small  house  upon  the  left  of  the  road  in  the 
rear.  Among  those  who  were  thus  brought 
in  and  treated,  were  Col.  Jones  of  the  Fourth 
Alabama,  and  several  of  his  privates.  Every 
thing  possible  was  done  for  all,  and  most  of  them 
were  sent  back.  Still,  the  courage  of  our 
men  was  very  noticeable.  Not  a  murmur  nor 
a  groan  came  from  their  lips.  I  saw  one  poor 
fellow  lying  on  his  back  in  an  inner  room. 
"  I  shall  die,"  said  he  ;  "  it  is  useless  to  do  any 
thing  for  me ;"  and  he  said  it  as  calmly  and 
coolly  as  though  sitting  in  a  room  at  home. 
He  was  shot  through  the  spine,  and  survived 
for  a  few  days  only.  While  I  was  engaged  at 
this  house,  a  man  came  up  to  me,  with  a  cheer 
ful  face  and  hearty  voice.  "  Doctor,"  said  he, 
"  I  am  shot  through  the  shoulder,  but  I  do  not 


104  FIRST  RHODE  ISLAND  REGIMENT. 

mean  to  give  it  up  so.  Do  what  you  can  for 
me,  and  let  me  go  into  the  fight  again."  I 
examined  the  shoulder,  found  a  piece  of  flesh 
as  large  as  an  ordinary  hen's  egg  had  been 
shot  away,  bandaged  it  for  him,  and  let  him  go. 
u  Stop  a  moment.  What  regiment  do  you  be 
long  to?"  "The  Sixty-ninth,"  said  he;  and 
back  he  went  into  the  battle.  Not  long  after 
this,  I  walked  out  to  the  brow  of  the  hill  to  see 
how  the  fight  was  going  on.  Everything  was 
quiet.  The  enemy  had  retired  far  to  our 
right.  Upon  a  distant  hill,  two  regiments 
were  engaged,  the  federals  driving  the  rebels 
up  the  slope.  It  was  either  Col.  Quimby's 
Thirteenth  New  York,  or  one  of  the  Connecti 
cut  regiments.  Far  off  to  the  south,  probably 
at  Blackburn's  Ford,  I  could  see  an* occasional 
puff  of  srnoke  from  the  enemy's  batteries.  On 
the  left,  at  some  distance,  were  a  number  of 
civilians  and  spectators  of  the  battle.  I  cer 
tainly  thought  the  day  was  won,  and  I  re 
turned  to  the  house,  expecting  soon  to  be 
cheered  with  the  news  of  complete  victory. 
Everything  was  promising  extremely  well. 
Half  an  hour  later,  I  noticed  that  no  more 
ambulances  came  up,  and  the  field  in  front 


BATTLE  OF  BULL  RUN.  105 

was  almost  entirely  deserted.  I  requested 
one  of  the  men  waiting  in  the  house  to  go  to 
the  rear  for  an  ambulance.  He  declined  do 
ing  so.  I  mounted  my  horse,  which  had  been 
quietly  grazing,  under  the  fire  of  the  enemy, 
making  up  for  his  lost  breakfast,  and  rode  to 
the  rear.  As  I  reached  the  road,  I  found  it 
crowded  with  soldiers,  going  down  the  hill. 
"  Where  are  you  going  ?"  I  asked.  "  We  are 
going  for  water,"  said  they,  and  pressed  on. 

I  suggested  to  them  that  they  were  going 
in  the  wrong  direction,  and  that  there  was 
plenty  of  water  in  front.  But  they  could  not 
be  stopped.  I  rode  to  the  place  where  our 
regiment  had  halted,  stopped  a  moment,  and 
returned  to  the  road,  passing  up  the  hill  once 
more.  More  soldiers  now — the  road  was  full 
of  them,  asking,  "  where  is  such  and  such  and 
such  a  regiment?" — were  filling  the  way.  I 
met  Lieut.  Col.  Wheaton,  leading  his  regiment, 
the  Second,  who  said  to  me,  "  A  retreat  has 
been  ordered."  I  was  thunderstruck.  I  had 
supposed  that  victory  was  certain.  I  knew 
that  the  enemy  had  been  most  severely  crip 
pled,  and  I  had  seen  his  forces  on  the  retreat. 
The  victory  had  been  won,  but  we  had  not 


106  FIRST  RHODE  ISLAND  REGIMENT. 

been  able  to  hold  it.  The  enemy  acknowl 
edges  himself  beaten  at  half-past  three 
o'clock.  But  then  the  fortune  of  the  day  took 
a  sudden  turn.  The  enemy's  reserves  were 
brought  up.  They  came  swarming  from 
Manassas  on  all  the  roads.  The  residue  of 
Johnston's  army  crossed  the  fields  upon  our 
right  from  the  railroad.  Schenck's  brigade 
retired,  fearing  to  be  cut  off  near  the  Stone 
Bridge,  without  having  crossed  the  Run  at 
all.  On  our  right,,  Howard's  brigade,  which 
had  just  been  led  forward,- was  overwhelmed 
and  broken.  Griffin  had  been  charged  upon, 
his  supports  had  fled,  his  men  had  been  shot 
down,  and  he  had  lost  all  his  pieces  but  one. 
Rickett's  battery  had  been  lost  and  retaken, 
and  lost  again.  Wilcox's  brigade*  had  been 
broken,  and  Wilcox  himself  had  been  taken 
prisoner.  Franklin's  brigade  had  suffered 
scarcely  less.  Sherman's  and  Keyes'  brigades 
had  pushed  on,  occupying  the  turnpike,  and 
south  of  it,  as  far  as  the  Gum  Spring  road ; 
but,  seeing  the  right  wing  broken,  commenced 
retiring  themselves.  Our  own  brigade  was 
rallied  by  its  officers,  just  across  the  Run,  and 
remaining  till  a  greater  part  of  the  disorgan- 


BATTLE  OF  BULL  RUN.  107 

ized  mass  of  soldiers  had  passed,  formed  in 
column,  and,  with  the  regulars,  Arnold's  bat 
tery,  and  the  cavalry  in  the  rear,  prepared  to 
obey  the  order  to  retreat.  Dr.  Harris,  who 
had  gone  down  the  hill  in  front,  returned  to 
the  church  and  remained  there,  sending  back 
a  man  with  a  white  handkerchief  for  a  flag  of 
truce,  to  surrender  the  wounded  men  whom 
we  had  been  compelled  to  abandon.  That 
was  the  only  flag  of  truce  sent  to  the  enemy 
from  our  wing,  and  that  was  an  act  of  hu 
manity. 

We  retired  slowly  along  the  road,  up  which 
we  had  marched  in  the  morning.  There  was 
no  disorder  now.  The  greater  part  of  the 
army  had  gone  ahead,  and  we  proceeded  at  a 
leisurely  rate  through  the  woods.  Some  one 
now  ordered  the  artillery  and  cavalry  to  the 
front.  They  forced  a  passage  through  the 
column.  Our  rear  was  only  held  by  the  bat 
talion  of  regulars.  We  had  reached  the  point 
where  the  woods  ended,  and  were  coining  out 
into  the  open  space  of  which  I  have  before 
spoken,  when  cannonading  was  heard  directly 
before  us.  Just  previous,  a  charge  of  secession 
cavalry  and  a  body  of  infantry  had  been 


108  FIRST  RHODE  ISLAND  REGIMENT. 

broken.  The  truth  flashed  upon  us.  Warren- 
ton  turnpike  was  in  possession  of  the  enemy, 
who  had  pursued  Schenck's  retreating  troops, 
and  it  was  upon  that  road  that  the  panic  took 
place,  which  is  so  extravagantly  described  by 
the  letter  writers.  If  the  enemy  had  chosen 
to  bring  his  battery  to  the  corner  of  the  road, 
and  had  pursued  our  own  column,  no  power 
on  earth  could  have  saved  us.  But  keeping 
his  battery  upon  a  hill  beyond,  he  filled  the 
woods,  the  open  space,  the  road  with  his  shot 
and  shell.  The  bridge  across  Cub  Run  was 
soon  obstructed.  I  rode  out  upon  the  road 
and  looked  around  for  a  moment.  Baggage 
wagons,  ambulances,  caissons,  lay  jumbled  in 
strange  confusion,  while  on  either  side  lay  the 
cannon  which  wre  had  been  using.  There 
was  the  30-pounder,  whose  loud  report  had 
ushered  in  the  day  of  battle.  There  were  the 
howitzers  of  the  Seventy-first,  and  there  four 
of  our  own  Rhode  Island  guns,  which  had  been 
brought  safely  to  this  point.*  It  was  a  sorry 


*  Two  of  Capt.  Reynolds'  guns,  becoming  disabled,  were 
sent  to  the  rear  an  hour  or  two  before  our  retreat  commenced. 
On  the  road,  the  guard  was  attacked  by  a  body  of  rebel  cav 
alry.  One  of  the  pieces,  being  slung  under  the  gun  carriage, 


BATTLE  OF  BULL  RUN.  109 

sight ;  and,  seeing  the  road  obstructed,  and  the 
enemy's  shot  falling  thickly  around  our  troops, 
who  were  here  thrown  into  disorder,  I  forded 
the  stream  above  the  bridge,  and  went  up  the 
hill  on  the  Centreville  side,  soon  passing  be 
yond  the  range  of  the  enemy's  artillery. 
Upon  the  crest  of  the  hill,  standing  at  ease, 
was  Blenker's  brigade.  The  Rhode  Island 
regiments  rallied  at  Centreville,  and,  with  the 
residue  of  the  brigade,  went  into  the  camps 
which  they  had  left  in  the  morning. 

The  brigades  at  Blackburn's  and  Mitchell's 
Fords  were  drawn  in,  and  in  an  hour  or  two, 
the  whole  army  was  in  full  retreat  towards 
Washington.  We  left  our  camp  about  11 
o'clock.  It  was  a  weary,  painful  night. 
The  road  seemed  to  stretch  on  and  on.  Our 
men  were  lame,  foot-sore,  tired,  some  wound 
ed,  and  all  more  or  less  exhausted.  Still  we 

was  abandoned,  but  the  guard  succeeded  in  getting  the  other 
across  the  bridge,  and  it  was  carried  safely  to  camp.  The  re 
mainder  of  the  battery  did  not  reach  the  bridge  till  after  it  had 
been  obstructed,  and  was  there  left,  the  men  saving  themselves 
and  horses,  and  the  guns,  in  comparatively  good  condition, 
falling  into  the  hands  of  the  rebels.  The  gun  that  was  saved 
was  afterwards  forwarded  to  Rhode  Island,  and  presented  to 
Gov.  Sprague  by  a  vote  of  the  General  Assembly. 
10 


110  FIRST  RHODE  ISLAND  REGIMENT. 

pressed  on,  and  soon  after  the  dawn,  which  broke 
cloudy,  rainy,  and  uncomfortable,  the  waters 
of  the  Potomac  and  the  city  of  Washington 
appeared.  A  few  miles  farther  on,  and  the 
brigade  collected  its  shattered  forces,  crossed 
Long  Bridge,  entered  Washington  in  the  or 
der  in  which  we  had  left  it  on  the  previous 
Tuesday,  and  sought  its  former  camps. 

It  is  a  great  deal  easier  for  the  defeated 
party  to  criticize  a  battle,  and  show  how  it 
could  have  been  won,  after  the  fight  is  over, 
than  to  win  the  victory  at  the  time.  I  hesi 
tate  to  express  an  opinion  upon  the  military 
questions  connected  with  this  disastrous  con 
flict.  I  have,  however,  read  the  different  ac 
counts  by  various  writers  with  some  care, 
and  have  given  some  attention  to  the  official 
reports  of  the  Generals.  The  correspondents 
of  the  press  have  in  some  instances  fallen  into 
error,  by  attempting  to  describe  a  battle 
which  ranged  along  a  line  of  seven  or  eight 
miles,  instead  of  telling  the  story  of  that 
which  fell  beneath  their  own  observation. 
Some  have  gone  so  far  as  to  describe  oc 
currences  which  could  not  possibly  have  ex 
isted  except  in  their  own  excited  imagination. 


BATTLE  OF  BULL  RUN.  Ill 

I  do  not  wish  to  undervalue  the  obligations 
of  the  public  to  the  press.  But  the  narra 
tives  of  the  battle  of  Bull  Run,  as  published 
in  the  journals  of  our  large  cities,  contain  a 
considerable  amount  of  fable,  and  are  to  be 
reacl  cum  grano  sails. 

But  it  is  the  battle  itself,  to  which  I  now 
wish  to  direct  the  reader's  attention.  I  may 
be  allowed,  with  others,  to  make  a  few  re 
marks  upon  the  subject.  I  have  ventured  to 
declare  that  the  battle  should  have  been 
fought  on  Thursday,  and  that  the  original 
plan  of  attacking  the  enemy  by  the  way  of 
Union  Mills  was  better  than  that  which  was 
afterwards  followed.  Gen.  McDowell  wished 
to  push  on  beyond  Fairfax  Court  House  on 
Wednesday.  Such  a  movement  would  un 
questionably  have  been  advantageous  to  our 
cause.  It  would  have  prevented  much  pillag 
ing.  It  would  have  placed  us  nearer  the 
enemy.  It  would  have  invited  a  general 
engagement  on  Thursday,  which  would  have 
given  us  Manassas  Junction.  The  command 
ing  General  states,  that  the  troops  were  too 
much  exhausted  by  the  march  of  Wednesday 
morning.  Such  was  the  report  of  the  division 


112  FIRST  RHODE  ISLAND  REGIMENT. 

commanders.  Perhaps  the  troops  themselves 
were  not  consulted.  It  is  certain  that  they 
wandered  over  a  large  area  of  territory  dur 
ing  the  afternoon,  and  it  would  seem  as  though 
their  energies  might  have  been  as  profitably 
employed  upon  the  march.  On  Thursday,  we 
should  have  met  inferior  forces,  and  could 
have  defeated  them  at  all  points  by  a  vigor 
ous  attack.  Beauregard  would  have  lost  his 
prestige,  and  Johnston's  junction  with  him 
would  have  been  prevented.  I  do  not  feel 
that  I  am  too  sanguine  in  saying,  that  Manassas 
would  have  been  occupied,  and  Richmond  have 
been  almost  at  our  mercy.  A  Persian  poet 
says,  "  On  the  neck  of  the  young  man  sparkles 
no  gem  so  gracious  as  enterprise."  Would 
that  our  generals  had  worn  that  gem  in  the 
campaign  of  the  summer  of  1861. 

The  affair  of  Thursday,  July  18th,  was  in 
tended  only  for  a  reconnoissance.  It  was  said 
at  the  time,  that  Gen.  Tyler  acted  on  his  qwn 
responsibility,  and  that  Gen.  McDowell  was 
at  Sangster's  Station.  However  this  may 
have  been,  it  is  certain  that  the  withdrawal 
of  our  troops  on  Thursday  had  the  moral 
effect  of  a  repulse.  Several  of  our  wounded 


BATTLE  OF  BULL  EUN.  113 

men  fell  into  the  hands  of  the  enemy,  who 
was  encouraged  by  what  he  deemed  an  easy 
victory. 

The  attack  on  Sunday  was  well  intended. 
But  it  was  unsuccessful.  Several  causes  com 
bined  to  produce  failure.  The  first  lay  at  the 
very  inception  of  the  movement.  It  was  an 
independent  advance,  without  support  from 
any  quarter.  A  column  of  soldiers  was  pushed 
forward  into  an  enemy's  country,  as  though 
it  were  as  easy  an  undertaking  as  a  pleasure 
excursion.  Indeed,  we  hardly  felt  as  though 
we  were  going  to  battle.  The  country  did 
not  completely  understand  what  war  really 
meant.  Perhaps  some  supposed  that  the 
gleam  of  a  federal  bayonet  would  be  sufficient 
to  frighten  a  regiment  of  rebels.  Gen.  Pat 
terson  would  not  or  could  not  move  upon 
Winchester,  and  Gen.  Butler  was  quiescent 
at  Fortress  Monroe.  These  failures  left  the 
available  forces  of  the  rebels  in  the  Shenan- 
doah  Valley  and  around  Richmond,  at  full 
liberty  to  join  Gen.  Beauregard  at  Manassas 
Junction.  Gen.  Patterson,  in  his  defence, 
plainly  informs  us  of  a  lack  of  concert  of  ac 
tion,  and  rests  the  responsibility  upon  Gen, 
10* 


114  FIRST  RHODE  ISLAND  REGIMENT. 

Scott.  He  informs  us,  that,  as  early  as  the 
13th  of  June,  (while  our  regiment  was  at 
Greencastle,)  he  was  told  from  Headquarters, 
that  Gen.  McDowell  was  to  make  a  demon 
stration  on  Manassas  Junction,  and  that  his 
own  army  must  be  immediately  sent  across 
the  Potomac.  Accordingly,  the  army  marched 
to  Williamsport,  and  the  larger  portion  of  it 
crossed  the  river,  as  I  have  already  said.  But 
the  demonstration  upon  Manassas  Junction 
was  not  made.  On  the  contrary,  the  enemy 
made  a  demonstration  upon  Washington,  and 
Gen.  Scott  at  once  telegraphed  for  our  return 
with  the  regulars  and  artillery,  as  the  capital 
was  "  pressed."  We  consequently  made  the 
forced  march  to  Frederick.  Gen.  Patterson 
was  therefore  obliged  to  recall  his  army,  and 
Gen.  Johnston  assumed  a  threatening  position 
opposite  Williamsport,  Clear  Spring,  and  Han 
cock.  If  Gen.  Patterson  is  correct — and  there 
is  no  reason  to  doubt  his  declaration — it  will 
be  observed,  that  an  advance  upon  Manassas 
was  projected  to  take  place  a  month  earlier 
than  it  was  really  made.  This  was  foiled, 
either  by  the  enemy's  superior  system  of  es 
pionage,  or  by  secret  treason  in  our  own 


BATTLE  OF  BULL  RUN.  115 

camps  and  councils,  by  which  the  plans  for 
the  movement  were  disclosed.  The  enemy 
threatened  our  lines  in  front  of  Washington, 
at  the  very  moment  when  we  were  preparing 
to  strike  upon  his  flank  at  Winchester,  and 
thus  Patterson  was  crippled  at  the  outset. 

Still,  the  plan  of  an  attack  in  the  valley  of 
the  Shenandoah  was  not  given  up.  On  the 
2d  of  July,  Patterson  crossed  the  Potomac 
once  more,  and  in  a  small  affair  with  John 
ston's  advance  guard,  drovQ  him  back  upon 
Winchester.  On  the  9th  of  July,  a  council 
of  war  was  held,  and  Col.  Stone,  commanding 
a  division  which  had  marched  up  from  Wash 
ington,  "  spoke  twice  and  decidedly  against  an 
advance,  advocating  a  movement  to  Charles- 
town."  From  that  time  till  the  18th  of  July, 
Gen.  Patterson  was  in  correspondence  by  tele 
graph  with  Gen.  Scott,  and  on  the  17th,  was 
informed  that  Gen.  McDowell  had  taken  Fair 
fax  Court  House,  and  would  probably  carry 
Manassas  Junction  on  the  next  day.  Gen. 
Patterson  did  not  wish  to  take  the  responsi 
bility  of  attacking,  and  telegraphed  for  in 
structions.  None  came ;  and  Gen.  Patterson 
supposed  that  Manassas  had  been  taken,  and 


116  FIRST  RHODE  ISLAND  REGIMENT. 

that  no  more  work  was  expected  of  his  army. 
There  are  times  when  a  commanding  officer 
must  take  responsibilities ;  and  this  was  one. 
If  he  did  not  choose  to  attack,  he  at  least 
could  have  occupied  Leesburg,  and  formed  a 
junction  with  Gen.  McDowell  at  Centreville,  or 
beyond.  But  the  golden  opportunity  passed, 
and  on  the  20th,  Johnston,  to  Patterson's 
knowledge,  and  without  Patterson's  interfer 
ence,  marched  to  Strasburg. 

The  second  cause  of  the  failure  of  the  fed 
eral  army  is  to  be  found  in  the  smallness  of 
the  numbers  sent  to  do  the  work.  We  felt 
confident,  before  we  left  Washington,  that 
Gen.  Scott  would  not  venture  to  send  out 
an  army  that  was  likely  to  suffer  a  bad  re 
verse.  Had  the  attack  been  made  on  Thurs 
day  or  Friday,  the  number  was  sufficient; 
but  not  for  the  attack  on  Sunday.  Gen. 
McDowell  states  that  18,000  men  crossed  the 
Run,  and  were  actually  engaged.  Nineteen 
regiments  and  the  battalion  of  regular  infantry 
were  in  the  principal  battle.  Four  regiments 
— Col.  Howard's  brigade — came  up  near  the 
close,  but  were  immediately  obliged  to  retire. 
Twenty-four  pieces  of  artillery  and  one  or 


BATTLE  OF  BULL  RUN.  117 

two  companies  of  cavalry,  succeeded  in  reach 
ing  the  west  side  of  Bull  Run.  Fifteen  regi 
ments  and  thirty-one  pieces  of  artillery  did 
not  cross  the  stream  at  all.  Gen.  Beauregard 
says,  in  his  official  report,  that  he  had  in  his 
possession  prisoners  from  forty-seven  regi 
ments  of  volunteers,  and  wishes  to  give  the 
impression  that  these  were  full  regiments. 
Besides  these,  he  says,  that  there  were  detach 
ments  from  "  nine  different  regiments  of  reg 
ular  troops."  "  To  serve  the  future  historian 
of  the  war,"  he  makes  these  declarations ; 
and,  as  if  to  show  how  much  he  could  impose 
upon  the  intelligence  of  the  civilized  world, 
he  boldly  utters  the  following  audacious 
falsehood :  "  Making  all  allowances  for  mis 
takes,  we  are  warranted  in  saying  that  the 
federal  army  consisted  of  fifty-nine  regiments 
of  volunteers,  eight  companies  of  regular  in 
fantry,  four  of  marines,  nine  of  regular  cav 
alry,  and  twelve  batteries,  one  hundred  and 
nineteen  guns."  He  graciously  allows  an 
average  of  eight  hundred  men  to  a  regiment. 
"  To  serve  the  future  historian  of  the  war,"  I 
append  the  statement  of  the  federal  force,  ac- 


118  FIRST  RHODE  ISLAND  REGIMENT. 

cording  to  the  order  of  July  8th/*  and  I  had 
the  means  of  knowing  that  no  additional 
forces  were  sent  forward,  unless  there  might 
have  been  a  battery  of  artillery.  Major 
Barry,  chief  of  artillery,  however,  declares 
that  there  were  but  forty-nine  pieces  of 
artillery  in  all,  as  Capt.  Varian's  battery  of 
six  pieces  was  thrown  out  of  the  action,  be 
cause  of  the  expiration  of  its  term  of  service. 
I  am  not  aware  of  the  existence  of  any  data, 
orders,  or  documents,  which  would  authorize 
the  General  of  the  rebel  forces  to  make  the 
statements  which  he  does.  He  over-estimates 
the  number  of  his  assailants.  The  regular 
troops,  of  all  arms,  were  composed  of  detached 
companies  of  different  regiments,  and  we  can 
only  explain  the  mistakes  of  Gen.  Beaure- 
gard,  either  by  allowing  that  he  counted  each 
company  as  a  regiment,  or  by  declaring  that 
he  has  wilfully  misstated  the  case.  The  fed 
eral  forces  actually  in  the  battle,  could  not 
possibly  have  numbered  over  22,000  men. 
The  reserve  force,  a  part  of  which  did  not  fire 
a  gun,  amounted  to  13,000  men. 


*  See  Appendix. 


BATTLE  OF  BULL  RUN.  119 

As  regards  the  numbers  opposed  to  us,  we 
can  only  make  approximations  to  the  facts. 
Gen.  Beauregard  admits  that  he  had,  of  all 
arms,  in  the  army  of  the  Potomac,  21,883 
men  and  29  guns ;  in  the  army  of  the  She- 
nandoah,  (Gen.  Johnston's,)  8.334  and  20 
guns  ;  Hill's  Virginia  Kegiment,  arriving  from 
the  south  on  the  morning  of  July  21st,  550 
men  ;  Hampton's  Legion,  also  arriving  that 
morning,  600  strong;  and  Gen.  Holmes'  brig 
ade  from  Fredericksburg,  1265  men,  6  guns, 
and  a  company  c/f  cavalry.  The  total  is  the 
very  respectable  number  of  32,632,  and  55 
pieces  of  artillery.  I  think  that  we  may  safely 
conclude  that  the  rebel  army  engaged  amount 
ed  to  32,000  men,  at  the  very  lowest  estimate. 
From  reliable  sources,  I  have  been  informed, 
that  there  were  lists  of  wounded  rebels  at 
Kichmond,  after  the  battle,  belonging  to  at 
least  forty-two  regiments.  A  writer  in  a 
southern  journal,  before  the  battle,  states  that 
there  were  from  30,000  to  50,000  men  at 
Manassas  Junction,  before  Gen.  Johnston  re 
inforced  Gen.  Beauregard.  Col.  Jones  of  Ala 
bama,  who  fell  into  our  hands,  stated  to  the 
surgeon  who  was  dressing  his  wounds,  that 


120  FIRST  RHODE  ISLAND  REGIMENT. 

the  enemy's  force  amounted  to  80,000  men. 
On  the  copy  of  a  rebel  map,  found  at  Ship 
ping  Point,  the  positions  of  sixty-three  regi 
ments  are*  laid  down.  The  probable  truth 
lies  between  the  lowest  and  the  highest  esti 
mate.  The  enemy  was  in  superior  force,  and 
Gen.  Beauregard  had  perfected  his  arrange 
ments  for  attacking  our  army  at  Centreville, 
on  the  morning  of  July  21st.  To  his  surprise, 
he  found  that  Gen.  McDowell  was  on  the 
march ;  and,  judging  from  the  affair  of  Thurs 
day,  that  the  federal  forces  would  attack  from 
the  upper  fords,  he  made  all  his  dispositions 
to  meet  us  as  we  crossed  at  Sudley's.  While, 
therefore,  our  forces  were  toiling  through  the 
unused  forest  paths,  the  enemy's  forces  were 
rapidly  and  easily  concentrating  for  our  re 
ception.  They  had  the  advantage  of  position, 
knowledge  of  the  ground,  and  an  abundance 
of  opportunity,  by  means  of  the  numerous 
roads  from  Manassas,  of  bringing  up  every 
available  man.  Our  men  were  fatigued  by  a 
long  night  march,  and  had  had  no  means  upon 
the  way,  of  obtaining  a  proper  amount  of  food. 
Their  haversacks  had  indeed  been  supplied  ; 
but  they  were  expecting  soon  to  halt  for 


BATTLE  OF  BULL  RUN.  121 

breakfast,  and  neglected  to  satisfy  their  hun 
ger  till  it  was  too  late.  It  was  certainly  cred 
itable  to  them  that  they  fought  so  well  as 
they  did,  and  stood  so  long  before  retreating. 
The  attack  of  the  enemy  amounted  almost  to 
a  surprise,  for  none  of  our  Generals  believed 
that  he  was  in  any  force  at  Sudley's  Ford. 
The  engagement  was  brought  on  by  the  "  too 
hasty  vigor"  of  Col.  Hunter  in  throwing  his 
leading  regiment  upon  the  enemy's  lines. 

A  third  cause  of  the  federal  failure  is  to  be 
found  in  the  loss  of  the  two  most  important 
days  of  the  week,  following  upon  the  skirmish 
of  Thursday.  It  is  not  necessary  here  to 
dwell  upon  the  magnitude  of  that  loss,  as  I 
kave  already  stated  my  reasons  for  believing, 
that  a  greater  amount  of  skill  and  energy  on 
Thursday  would  have  changed  the  fortune  of 
the  expedition.*  Added  to  that  loss,  was  the 


*  Since  the  foregoing  was  written,  and  while  these  pages 
were  preparing  for  the  press,  the  New  York  Evening  Post 
published  what  purported  to  be  the  report  of  a  conversation 
between  a  rebel  prisoner  of  rank  and  one  of  the  correspondents 
of  that  paper.  From  this  report  I  make  the  following  extract : 

"  Q.     '  What  errors  do  your  officers  think  we  committed  at 
the  battle  of  Manassas,  that  caused  us  to  lose  the  day  ?' 
11 


122  FIRST  KHODE  ISLAND  REGIMENT. 

delay  of  marching  on  Sunday  morning.  Gen. 
McDowell  wished  to  make  an  advance  of  a 
few  miles  on  Saturday  evening,  and  resume 
the  march  in  the  morning.  But  he  was  over 
ruled.  Col.  Hunter's  division  wras  ready  at 
the  hour,  and  promptly  started.  But  it  had 
made  a  march  of  two  miles  and  more,  through 
the  village  of  Centreville,  before  Gen.  Tyler's 
division,  which  by  that  time  should  have  been 
across  Cub  Run,  had  left  its  camps.  Here 
was  much  precious  time  lost.  The  forma 
tion  of  Tyler's  column  was  very  slow  and  very 


"  A.  '  If  you  had  fought  the  battle  Thursday  or  Friday,  you 
would  have  won  it.  1  he  delay  at  Blackburn's  Ford  was  fatal 
to  you.  You  made  a  great  military  error  in  allowing  Johnston 
to  reinforce  Beauregard.  You  fought  the  battle  by  regimenW, 
while  we  fought  it  by  brigades  and  divisions.  There  were 
many  times,  before  one  o'clock  in  the  afternoon  of  that  day, 
in  which  you  might  have  won  the  battle,  if  you  had  vigorously 
attacked  our  centre,  since  the  centre  of  our  line  of  battle  had 
become  very  weak,  by  reason  of  the  continual  reinforcements 
Gen.  Johnston  was  obliged  to  send  to  the  left,  which  was  so 
fiLM-cely  pressed  by  your  right.  It  was  a  severely  contested 
battle  on  your  side.  Your  soldiers  fought  gallantly,  but  they 
were  not  commanded.' 

"  Q.     '  Why  did  you  not  follow  up  our  retreat  ?' 
"  A.     *  We  had  no  idea  of  the  completeness  of  our  victory  at 
the  time;  and  besides,  we  were  in  no  condition  to  follow  up 
the  retreat.' " 


BATTLE  OF  BULL  RUN.  123 

tedious,  and  the  movements  of  the  other  di 
visions  were  thus  badly  hindered.  His  men 
had  the  shortest  inarch  to  make ;  they  were 
the  nearest  to  their  proposed  position.  Yet  they 
were  the  last  to  be  ready.  Who  was  respon 
sible  for  the  delay,  it  is  impossible  to  tell. 
But  delay  there  was,  and  it  proved  to  be  fatal. 
An  additional  delay  was  caused  by  the  ina 
bility  to  cross,  with  any  degree  of  rapidity, 
the  suspension  bridge  over  Cub  Run.  If  it 
was  thought  necessary  to  pass  25,000  men 
over  this  stream  with  celerity,  it  would  seem 
as  though  facilities  for  making  that  movement 
should  have  been  provided.  A  corps  of  engi 
neers  could  have  been  organized  at  once,  the 
country  was  exceedingly  well  timbered,  and  any 
required  number  of  bridges  might  have  been 
built  during  the  two  days  in  which  the  army 
was  wiiolly  inactive.  The  engineers  did  at 
tempt,  on  Sunday,  to  build  a  bridge  across 
Bull  Run,  near  the  Stone  Bridge,  where  it 
was  not  needed,  and  where  it  was  not  used, 
except  by  the  enemy  to  hasten  his  pursuit. 
But  the  suspension  bridge  over  Cub  Run 
was  all  the  facility  for  crossing  the  army,  and 
here  the  most  of  our  cannon  were  lost,  because. 


124:  FIRST  ERODE  ISLAND  REGIMENT, 

upon  the  retreat,  we  could  not  possibly  drag 
them  through  the  stream  and  up  the  opposite 
bank.  Here  occurs  a  question,  which  has  not 
yet  been  solved.  Why  could  not  our  artillery 
have  replied  to  the  enemy's  guns,  that  were 
firing  upon  us  at  the  bridge  ?  A  prompt  re 
sponse  on  our  part  might  have  silenced  the 
few  pieces  which  had  been  brought  to  this 
point.  The  panic  at  the  bridge  must  have 
been  of  so  complete  a  nature  as  to  prevent 
the  issuing  of  orders  and  the  working  of  the 
guns.  When  our  brigade  reached  the  bridge, 
everything  was  lying  about  in  a  heap  of  ruin, 
and  the  only  duty  that  remained  was  that  of 
self-preservation. 

Another  cause  of  failure,  which,  though  not 
chief,  was  yet,  in  its  effects,  accessory  to  the 
others,  was  the  inability  of  Col.  Heintzelman 
to  find  the  road  leading  to  the  ford  which  he 
had  been  ordered  to  cross.  Gen.  McDowell's 
plan  contemplated  a  crossing  of  Bull  Rim  at 
Sudley's  Ford  by  Col.  Hunter,  whose  division 
was  then  to  march  down  the  stream,  upon  its 
western  bank,  and  "clear  away  the  enemy 
who  may  be  guarding  the  lower  ford  and 
bridge."  Col.  Ileiatzelman  was  to  cross  at  the 


BATTLE  OF  BULL  RUN.  125 

lower  ford,  (Poplar  or  Red  Hill  Ford,)  "  after 
it  had  been  turned,  and  then  going  to  the 
left,  take  place  between  the  stream  and"  Hun 
ter's  division.  But  Col.  Heintzelman  could 
not  find  any  path  from  the  road  up  which  his 
division  was  marching,  to  the  ford,  and  so 
followed  Col.  Hunter.  Col.  Heintzelman  says, 
in  his  report,  that  "  no  such  road  was  found 
to  exist."  It  is  a  curious  fact,  and  one  which 
shows  how  intelligence  is  sometimes  manu 
factured  for  a  credulous  public,  that,  at  this 
time,  while  the  third  division  was  quietly 
marching  in  our  rear,  it  was  telegraphed  to  a 
New  York  journal,  that  Col.  Heintzelman  was 
engaged  in  cutting  a  road  through  the  woods, 
and  was  within  five  miles  of  Manassas  Junc 
tion.  Any  one,  who  examines  the  map,  can 
readily  perceive  how  great  an  advantage  was. 
lost  by  this  want  of  success  in  Col.  Heintzel- 
man's  search  for  the  forest  road.  Had  his 
division  crossed  as  was  intended,  a  line  of 
battle  could  have  been  formed,  of  suck 
strength  as  would  have  defied  an  attack.  But,, 
unfortunately  for  us,  the  two  divisions  were 
obliged  to  cross  at  the  same  ford,  and  the 
passage  was  necessarily  slow.  Unfortunately, 
11* 


126  FIRST  RHODE  ISLAND  REGIMENT. 

also,  a  very  serious  break  occurred  in  our 
lines,  between  Sudley's  Ford  and  Stone  Bridge, 
which  Cols.  Sherman's  and  Keyes'  brigades 
afterwards  filled.  When  these  brigades  ap 
peared,  and  the  head  of  the  column  with  the 
flag,  emerged  from  the  woods  upon  our  left, 
Col.  Burn  side  and  myself  happened  to  be  near 
each  other,  overlooking  the  field,  and  as  we 
saw  the  approaching  column,  we  both  sup 
posed  that  it  was  Col.  Heintzelman's  division, 
and  Col.  Burnside  mentions  the  fact  in  his 
report.  It  was  a  natural  mistake,  inasmuch 
as,  according  to  the  plan  of  Gen.  McDowell, 
the  third  division  was  to  be  expected  from 
that  quarter. 

The  necessary  extension  of  our  lines  upon 
the  right,  by  the  deployment  of  Col.  Heint 
zelman's  division,  and  the  withdrawal  of  the 
two  fine  brigades  from  Gen.  Tyler's  division, 
left  our  centre  greatly  weakened.  Gen. 
Schenck's  brigade  of  three  regiments  and  two 
batteries  of  artillery,  were  the  only  guard  to 
the  important  position  at  the  Stone  Bridge — 
really  the  key  to  the  whole  line.  The  enemy 
saw  his  advantage,  and  as  soon  as  possible 
threw  a  large  body  of  troops  against  Gen. 


BATTLE  OF  BULL  RUN.  127 

Schenck's  three  regiments.  They  had  not 
crossed  the  Run,  and  had  had  no  opportunity 
of  participating  in  the  battle.  But  they  had 
been  under  a  fire  which  they  could  not  return, 
during  the  whole  day  at  intervals,  and,  as  the 
enemy  sent  a  force  across  Bull  Run  at  one  of 
the  fords  below  Stone  Bridge,  to  get  into  Gen. 
Schenck's  rear,  that  officer  thought  best  to 
order  his  brigade  to  retire.  The  enemy  at 
once  followed,  and  our  troops  fell  back  along 
the  turnpike.  The  baggage  wagons  belong 
ing  to  the  army,  and  the  numerous  carriages 
occupied  by  civilians,  were  blocking  the  road, 
and,  as  the  tidings  of  the  enemy's  approach 
were  communicated,  a  panic  took  place  and 
the  turnpike  soon  became  a  scene  of  terror 
and  destruction.  The  weakened  lines,  too 
long  drawn  out,  gave  way  on  the  whole  front, 
and  the  army  of  the  Union  was  hopelessly 
defeated. 

Yet  there  was  still  one  more  opportunity. 
One  whole  brigade  was  at  Centreville,  under 
command  of  Col.  Blenker.  Four  regiments 
of  fresh  troops,  that  had  been  lying  inactive, 
within  close  hearing  of  the  roar  of  battle, 
were  awaiting  orders  to  move  up.  As  soon 


128  FIRST  RHODE  ISLAND  REGIMENT. 

as  it  was  known  that  the  day  was  lost,  the 
commander  of  the  fifth  division,  Col.  Miles, 
ordered  Col.  Blenker  to  march  his  brigade  to 
the  bridge  which  crosses  Cub  Kun,  and  to 
hold  the  position  at  every  sacrifice.  This  was 
for  the  purpose  of  protecting  our  retreating 
troops  as  they  emerged  from  the  by-road  near 
the  bridge,  and  to  hold  the  pursuing  enemy 
in  check.  Artillery  was  to  have  been  sent 
with  Col.  Blenker's  brigade.  Had  this  move 
ment  been  made,  there  can  be  no  question  of 
its  beneficial  result.  Col.  Heintzelman  ex 
presses  the  opinion,  that  had  the  brigade  been 
moved  up  the  turnpike,  "near  one-third  of 
the  artillery  lost  might  have  been  saved."  Of 
the  correctness  of  this  opinion,  there  can  be 
no  doubt.  Not  only  would  the  artillery  have 
been  saved,  but  also  the  honor  and  morale  of 
the  army.  Here  was  the  point  where  the 
greatest  demoralization  took  place.  Col. 
Miles,  with  the  eye  of  an  old  soldier,  saw  the 
importance  of  the  position,  and  he  made  the 
necessary  provision  for  its  security.  He  or 
dered  the  only  brigade  which  could  be  moved 
to  take  and  hold  the  place.  His  order  was 
not  obeyed.  Col.  Blenker  marched  his  brig- 


BATTLE  OF  BULL  KUN.  129 

ade  through  the  village  of  Centreville  to  the 
heights  overlooking  the  bridge,  which  were 
entirely  beyond  the  range  of  the  enemy's  ar 
tillery,  but  went  no  farther.  Col.  Blenker 
says,  that  the  road  was  full  of  fugitives.  But 
the  fields  were  open  to  him  on  either  side ;  and 
had  his  troops  been  moved  to  the  position  as 
intended  by  Col.  Miles,  an  hour  or  two  earlier 
in  the  day,  our  retreat  would  have  been  ef 
fectually  covered.  The  enemy's  batteries 
would  have  been  silenced.  A  stand  at  Cen 
treville  could  have  been  made,  till  reinforce 
ments  had  reached  us  from  Washington,  and 
the  disaster  which  we  had  suffered  would  have 
been  retrieved. 

The  disposition  of  the  reserves  upon  the 
day  of  battle,  is  a  point  which  has  given  rise 
to  considerable  discussion.  Cols.  Richardson's 
and  Davies'  brigades  could  not  be  moved,  as 
they  were  imperatively  needed  at  Blackburn's 
and  Mitchell's  Fords,  to  protect  our  rear.  They 
were  admirably  posted,  and  though  not  ac 
tively  engaged,  did  excellent  service.  But 
the  enemy  was  in  force  in  front,  and  they 
could  only  make  demonstrations  in  order  to 
prevent  reinforcements  from  that  point  to 


130  FIRST  RHODE  ISLAND  REGIMENT. 

the  enemy's  left.  Col.  Miles  and  Richardson 
both  wished  in  the  morning  to  storm  the  bat 
teries  of  the  enemy  upon  the  other  side  of 
Bull  Run.  But,  upon  examining  their  instruc 
tions,  they  found  themselves  positively  for 
bidden  to  do  more  than  to  hold  the  position. 
A  successful  charge  at  that  point  at  12  or  1 
o'clock,  might  have  given  us  the  victory,  along 
the  whole  line.  But  it  could  not  have  been 
made  without  transcending  the  order  of  the 
commanding  General,  and  Col.  Miles  thought 
himself  not  authorized  to  do  that.  It  was  part  of 
Gen.  Beauregard's  plan  to  attack  our  own  lines 
from  Union  Mills,  and  an  order  to  that  effect 
was  sent  to  Gen.  Ewell,  commanding  the  ex 
treme  right  of  the  enemy's  army.  But  the 
order  never  reached  that  officer,  and  both  our 
own  forces  and  the  rebels  stood  facing  each 
other  through  the  day,  without  an  advance 
movement  of  any  importance  upon  either  side. 
The  enemy  threw  one  brigade  across  Bull 
Run,  to  threaten  the  road  to  Centreville,  in 
the  morning,  and  again  at  noon,  both  of  which 
attempts  were  gallantly  met  and  the  enemy's 
force  repulsed  by  Col.  Davies.  The  brigade 
of  Gen.  Ewell  was  marched  from  Union  Mills 


BATTLE  OF  BULL  RUN.  131 

to  Stone  Bridge,  and  Gen.  Jackson's  brigade 
reinforced  the  enemy's  left  by  marching  from 
Mitchell's  Ford.  Our  own  brigades  made  no 
movements  except  as  demonstrations.  Later 
in  the  day,  when  they  were  withdrawn  from 
the  Kun  to  the  heights  of  Centre  ville,  a  quar 
rel  arose  between  Cols.  Miles  and  Richardson, 
in  regard  to  the  disposition  of  one* of  the  regi 
ments  of  Col.  Eichardson's  brigade.  Col. 
Miles  was  accused  of  drunkenness,  and  Gen. 
McDowell,  arriving  at  Centreville  at  the  time, 
solved  the  difficulty  by  taking  the  fifth  di 
vision  under  his  direct  command.  Col.  Rich 
ardson  had  been  attached  to  Gen.  Tyler's 
division  prior  to  this  time,  but  was  assigned 
to  the  reserve  on  the  day  of  battle.  Col. 
Richardson  was  impulsive  and  excited.  Col. 
Miles  was  indignant  and  irritated  by  the  in 
subordination  of  his  inferior  officer,  and  by 
the  confusion  that  everywhere  prevailed.  His 
own  orders  were  not  obeyed,  and  the  disposi 
tion  of  his  forces  was  changed  by  other  officers 
for  the  worse.  It  is  easy  to  make  a  charge  of 
intoxication  under  such  circumstances.  But 
the  Court  of  Inquiry  that  was  afterwards  con 
vened  to  try  the  case,  found  that  the  evidence 


132  FIRST  RHODE  ISLAND  REGIMENT. 

adduced  was  not  sufficient  to  substantiate  the 
charge.  I  have  no  desire  to  excuse  incompe 
tence  or  misconduct  on  the  part  of  any  per 
son.  But  Col.  Miles,  as  acknowledged  even 
by  his  prosecutors,  made  very  judicious  ar 
rangements  for  covering  the  retreat  of  our 
troops. 

The  chief  objection  to  the  disposition  of 
the  reserve,  appears  to  consist  in  the  distance 
at  which  it  was  placed  on  the  day  of  battle. 
Gen.  Kunyon's  division,  which  was  properly 
the  reserve,  was  not  within  seven  miles  of 
Centreville,  till  after  the  day  was  lost.  Three 
regiments  were  then  brought  up  to  aid  in 
checking  the  enemy's  pursuit.  What  Gen. 
Runyon's  division  might  have  done,  had  it 
been  brought  to  the  vicinity  of  Centreville  on 
Saturday,  and  allowed  Col.  Miles'  division  to 
have  crossed  Bull  Run  at  Blackburn's  Ford 
on  Sunday,  to  attack  the  enemy's  right  and 
centre,  is,  of  course,  only  a  matter  of  conjec 
ture.  The  simple  fact  remains,  that  the  actual 
reserve  of  the  army  of  the  Potomac,  on  Sun 
day,  July  21st,  was  not  within  supporting  dis 
tance,  and  could  not  be  brought  into  the  field. 
While  the  enemy  was  bringing  to  his  endan- 


BATTLE  OF  BULL  RUN.  133 

gered  lines  all  available  forces  from  every 
quarter,  we  made  no  effort  whatever  to  draw 
reinforcements  from.  Washington,  or  even  to 
engage  the  services  of  our  own  special  reserve. 
Gen.  McDowell  says:  Gen.  Runyon's  "ad 
vanced  regiment  was  about  seven  miles  in 
the  rear  of  Centre  ville,"  or  about  twelve  miles 
from  Stone  Bridge,  and  fourteen  or  fifteen 
miles  from  the  battle  field. 

Yet,  notwithstanding  all  these  disadvan 
tages,  it  is  clear,  that  the  army  of  the  Union 
was  uniformly  successful  up  to  three  o'clock 
in  the  afternoon — having  manfully  performed 
a  most  fatiguing  march,  and  fought  a  severe 
and,  till  that  time,  a  winning  battle.  Thir 
teen  hours'  service  was  a  good  day's  work. 
One  hour  more  of  steady  bearing  would  have 
crowned  our  arms  with  victory.  But  the 
commanding  General  and  the  troops  were  not 
quite  equal  to  the  occasion,  and  the  order  was 
given  to  retreat.  The  retreat  became  a  rout, 
and  the  rout  a  panic. 

One  great  cause  lay  back   of  all  the  rest : 

the   deficiency  of  discipline   on  the    part  of 

officers  and  men.     How  hard  it  is  for  men  to 

learn  the  lesson  of  obedience  !     Near  the  field, 

12 


134  FIRST  RHODE  ISLAND  REGIMENT. 

and  even  on  the  field,  where  personal  safety 
positively  required  that  every  man  should  be 
in  his  place,  there  were  stragglers.  Men  left 
the  ranks  by  twos  and  threes.  Captains  lost 
their  companies,  and  companies  their  captains. 
Unauthorized  persons  gave  confused  and  con 
tradictory  orders.  Regiments  almost  imper 
ceptibly  became  disorganized  and  melted  away. 
The  commanding  General  himself  was  hardly 
master  of  the  situation.  No  army  in  the 
world  could  have  stood  under  circumstances 
like  these  ;  and  when  the  final  advance  of  the 
enemy  was  made,  there  was  nothing  left  to 
the  regiments  that  still  remained  unbroken, 
but  to  retreat  in  as  good  order  as  possible.  It 
was  clone,  with  the  conviction  on  the  part  of 
many,  afterwards  confirmed,  that  the  enemy 
was  in  as  bad  a  plight  as  themselves.  Men 
cannot  be  brave  who  are  undisciplined  in 
virtue.  Even  brave  men  must  learn  how  to 
direct  their  energy  and  courage  aright,  to  ac 
complish  the  most  effective  results.  Not  su 
periority  of  arms  and  equipments,  but  enter 
prise,  spirit,  an  indomitable  will,  an  obstinate 
persistence,  directed,  disciplined  and  trained, 


BATTLE  OF  BULL  RUN.  135 

assure  the  victory.     Skill  and  drill  are  the 
magic  watchwords  of  success. 

But  suppose  that  a  victory  had  been  gained 
on  the  plains  of  Manassas  by  the  federal 
forces.  What  would  have  been  its  results  ? 
I  doubt  if  the  nation  would  have  been  in  as 
good  condition  at  this  day,  as  it  really  is  in 
consequence  of  the  defeat.  Our  forces  might 
have  occupied  Manassas,  and  even  gone  to 
Richmond.  I  fear  that  success  at  that  time 
would  have  caused  a  diminution  of  earnest 
ness.  We  should  have  deemed  the  conflict 
easy.  We  should  have  considered  our  task 
as  of  slight  importance.  We  should  have  be 
come  careless,  self-confident,  •  and  too  credu 
lous  of  the  future,  and,  by  our  easy-going, 
heedless  trustfulness  in  ourselves  and  our 
cause,  have  laid  ourselves  open  to  a  more  dis 
astrous  defeat  at  a  subsequent  day.  We 
needed  a  defeat  to  concentrate  the  energies 

o 

of  the  nation ;  to  convince  the  people  of  the 
importance  of  the  struggle  ;  to  teach  them 
that  Providence  had  given  them  the  mightiest 
work  to  which  a  people  could  be  called,  and 
in  whose  issues,  the  welfare  of  the  human 
race  was  involved.  It  is  no  light  matter,  which 


136  FIRST  RHODE  ISLAND  REGIMENT. 

is  to  be  determined  by  a  single  summer  day's 
conflict,  to  fight  the  battles  of  freedom  and 
civilization  for  a  continent  and  an  age. 

Perhaps  the  most  dangerous  result  of  vic 
tory  would  have  been,  to  call  into  existence 
and  powerful  activity  a  party  determined 
upon  peace  at  any  price.  The  North  would 
have  been  told :  "  You  have  been  victorious 
in  a  pitched  battle,  upon  the  open  field  and 
against  superior  numbers.  You  have  humbled 
the  pride  of  the  South.  Be  magnanimous 
now,  and  grant  the  South  what  she  wishes." 
We  should  have  heard  of  "  compromise"  once 
more.  The  struggle,  prematurely  ended, 
would  have  resulted  in  an  increase  of  influ 
ence,  and  in  the  virtual  victory  of  the  princi 
ple  of  secession.  "We  needed  a  defeat  to  as 
sure  us  that  we  were  really  at  war — at  war 
with  a  desperate  and  determined  foe  ;  and  that 
we  could  not  have  a  genuine  peace  till  we 
had  overcome,  in  severe  conflicts,  the  power 
which,  beneath  the  surface,  had  long  been 
and  would  continue  to  be,  unless  it  be  sub 
dued,  at  utter  enmity  with  all  that  is  great 
and  good  in  American  life.  The  nation  has 
learned  at  Manassas,  that  it  is  civilization  and 


BATTLE  OP  BULL  RUN.  137 

barbarism,  freedom  and  slavery,  republicanism 
and  despotism,  engaged  in  a  life  and  death 
grapple — fighting  for  the  possession  of  a  con 
tinent.  The  nation  has  learned  that  THE 
UNION  stands  for  all  that  is  best  and  noblest 
in  the  civilization  of  the  nineteenth  century 
— "  the  best  government  that  the  world  ever 
saw."  When  it  has  been  fairly  established, 
beyond  the  reach  of  domestic  treason,  and 
above  the  malice,  jealousy,  and  enmity  of  for 
eign  foes,  we  shall  value  it  all  the  more  for 
what  it  shall  have  cost,  of  treasure,  blood, 
brave  men's  lives,  and  loving  women's  deso 
lated  hearts.  The  Republic  will  stand  for 
ever  firm.  Intestine  strife  will  never  again 
tear  its  vitals.  The  nations  of  the  world  will 
admire  and  esteem  a  people  whose  magnifi 
cent  energies  have  been  engaged  in  the  ser 
vice  of  the  highest  welfare  of  man — a  people 
that  has  been  willing  to  spend  all,  to  suffer 
all,  and  sacrifice  all  for  the  sake  of  self-gov 
ernment,  liberty,  and  impartial  justice  ! 


138  FIRST  RHODE  ISLAND  REGIMENT, 


VII. 

CONCLUSION. 

WHAT  took  place  after  the  battle  of  Bull 
Run,  requires  but  little  comment.  Col.  Burn- 
side  had  his  orders  on  Wednesday  to  return 
with  his  regiment  to  Rhode  Island,  but  de 
clined  complying  with  them  till  he  had  ascer 
tained  from  Gen.  Scott,  that  there  was  no  im 
mediate  prospect  of  an  attack  by  the  rebels 
upon  Washington.  Had  there  been  any  such 
expectation,  the  regiment  would  certainly  have 
remained  to  share  in  the  defence.  But  Gen. 
Scott  assured  our  commander  that  there  could 
be  no  attack,  and  the  prediction  of  the  veteran 
has  been  verified.  It  was  therefore  thought 
best  that  the  regiment  should  return  home, 
with  the  hope  that  most  of  its  members  would 
re-enlist.* 

*  See  Appendix  D. 


'CONCLtSION.  139 

We  left  Washington  at  midnight,  on  Thurs 
day,  and  partook  most  gratefully  of  the  hos 
pitalities  of  the  citizens  of  Philadelphia  on 
the  way.  On  Sunday,  July  28th,  the  regi- 
merit  reached  Providence.  Proceeding  by 
transports  from  New  York,  we  arrived  below 
the  city  at  daylight.  Hearing  that  extensive 
arrangements  had  been  made  to  receive  the 
returning  troops,  Col.  Burnside  ordered  the 
steamers  up  the  harbor.  The  regiment  dis 
embarked  at  six  o'clock.  Again,  the  streets 
of  Providence  were*  crowded.  The  chartered 
companies  of  Providence,  Pawtucket,  Newport 
and  Woonsocket  performed  escort  duty,  and 
the  grateful  procession  moved  through  the 
principal  avenues  of  the  city,  greeted  with 
joyful  cheers  and  acclamations  by  the  multi 
tudes  that  had  gathered  to  welcome  our  re 
turn.  Public  services  were  omitted  in  the 
churches  for  the  morning,  as  all  felt  that  the 
coming  of  those  who  had  nobly  done  their 
duty  in  scenes  of  danger,  and  the  expressions 
of  gratitude  which  their  appearance  called 
forth,  were  most  acceptable  worship  to  the 
God  whose  love  had  been  their  safeguard. 
Tears  fell  from  many  an  eye,  as  those  were 


140  FIRST  RHODE  ISLAND  REGIMENT. 

remembered  whose  places  in  the  ranks  were 
vacant,  and  the  gladness  that  crowned  the 
hour  was  tempered  with  the  serious  recollec 
tion  of  the  captives  and  the  dead.  As  the 
column  thus  pursued  its  march,  the  officers 
and  soldiers  covered  with  flowers,  it  was  like 
a  moving  panorama  of  beauty,  gratitude,  and 
joy.  Halting  in  Exchange  Place,  the  soldiers 
stacked  their  arms,  and  marching  into  Rail 
road  Hall,  were  addressed  in  words  of  welcome 
by  Hon.  Samuel  G.  Arnold  and  Bishop  Clark. 
Prayer  was  offered  by  the  "Bishop,  a  substan 
tial  breakfast  was  partaken,  and  the  different 
companies  were  afterwards  dismissed  to  their 
homes.  On  Friday,  August  2,  the  regiment 
was  mustered  out  of  the  service  of  the  United 
States,  and  disbanded.  On  Wednesday,  July 
31,  the  battery  of  light  artillery  arrived  home, 
and  on  Thursday  morning  the  officers  and 
men  were  welcomed  by  Hon.  Thomas  A. 
Jenckes.*  They  were  mustered  out  a  few 
days  later. 

The  prisoners,  with  one  or  two  exceptions, 
have  been  released,  and  while  the  memory  of 

*  See  Appendix  E. 


CONCLUSION.  141 

the  valor  of  our  fallen  comrades  is  our  undy 
ing  possession,  the  example  of  their  virtue 
and  self-sacrifice  shall  be  to  us  a  perpetual 
inspiration.  When  peace  shall  come  again,  or 
Virginia  be  re-possessed,  we  will  gather  up 
their  sacred  dust  and  pay  to  it  the  honors 
due  to  our  heroic  dead.* 

Nor  will  we  forget  the  debt  of  gratitude  we 
owe  to  the  living.     To  two  men  the  State  of 


*  On  the  9th  of  March,  18G2,  Manassas  was  evacuated  by  the 
rebels.  A  week  or  two  later,  Gov.  Sprague,  with  Mr.  J,  W. 
Richardson,  and  another  gentleman  from  Woonsocket,  who 
had  witnessed,  as  prisoners  of  war,  the  sad  scenes  at  Sudley 
Church  and  vicinity  after  the  retreat  of  our  forces,  proceeded 
to  Washington  to  procure  the  remains  of  the  officers  of  the 
Second  Regiment,  who  had  fallen.  An  escort  of  cavalry  was 
provided,  and  the  party  repaired  to  the  battle  field,  reaching 
the  place  on  Friday,  March  21st,  and  remaining  there  during 
that  day  and  the  following.  A  day  later,  another  party,  con 
sisting  of  Lieut.  L.  J.  Warner  and  Messrs.  S,  G.  Trippe  and 
J.  Harry  Welch,  reached  the  place  to  search  for  the  re 
mains  of  Lieut.  Prescott.  The  remains  of  Col.  Slocum,  Maj. 
Ballou,  and  Capt.  Tower  were  disinterred,  and  afterwards 
brought  to  Providence.  On  Monday,  March  31,  public  honors 
were  paid  by  the  State  authorities  to  the  memory  of  these  gal 
lant  men,  in  which  large  numbers  of  the  military  of  the  State 
participated.  The  body  of  Lieut.  Prescott  was  not  found,  and 
no  public  demonstration  has  as  yet  attested  the  estimation  in 
which  his  Christian  character  and  bravery  of  soul  are  held  by 
his  late  comrades  in  arms. 


142  FIRST  RHODE  ISLAND  REGIMENT. 

Rhode  Island  is  under  lasting  obligations. 
Their  names  should  be  cherished  as  household 
words  in  every  Rhode  Island  home.  I  am 
anticipated  when  I  mention  the  names  of 
AMBROSE  E.  BURNSIDE  and  JAMES  HARRIS. 
For  courage  without  rashness,  for  pru 
dence  without  fear,  for  a  quick  sense  of 
honor  which  scorned  all  baseness,  for  a  high- 
minded  generosity  which  frowned  upon  all 
petty  jealousy  and  mean  intrigue,  for  self-de 
votion  to  the  interests  of  the  State  and  country 
which  reposed  in  him  their  confidence,  and  for 
self-sacrifice  to  this  great  cause  of  Liberty  and 
Union,  Col.  Burnside  was  and  is  distinguished 
more  than  any  man  whom  I  have  ever  known. 
He  sought  from  this  service  no  personal  glory, 
no  mere  military  distinction,  which  has  such 
charms  for  weaker  men.  He  desired  no  pomp, 
no  parade,  no  flattery,  no  preferment.  He 
simply  wished  to  do  his  duty  to  the  men  un 
der  his  command;  to  the  parents,  sisters, 
wives  and  friends  who  had  entrusted  these 
precious  lives  to  his  keeping ;  to  the  State 
which  had  recognized  his  abilities,  and  had 
sent  him  forth  ;  to  the  country  which  needed 
his  counsels  and  his  arm ;  to  God,  who  has  so 


CONCLUSION.  143 

richly  endowed  him  with  every  quality  that 
marks  a  man.  How  well  he  did  his  duty  is  well 
known,  and  history  will  record.  Those  were 
his  public  characteristics.  To  myself,  who 
had  the  privilege  of  his  confidence,  his  friend 
ship,  and  his  private  intercourse,  his  life  was 
a  daily  wonder  and  a  daily  admiration.  Every 
thought  and  every  act  wras  for  the  welfare  of 
his  regiment.  By  day  and  night,  his  vigilance 
secured  the  comfort  and  the  happiness  of  his 
command.  He  marched  on  foot  that  he  might 
measure  the  endurance  of  his  men  by  his 
own.  He  lightened  every  hardship  by  shar 
ing  it  with  them.  He  diminished  every  dan 
ger  by  his  care  for  their  safety.  In  every  en 
campment,  his  own  quarters  were  the  last  to 
be  selected  and  the  last  to  be  prepared.  His 
private  funds  were  more  than  once  drawn 
upon,  and  his  generosity  perpetually  exer 
cised,  that  his  men  should  not  suffer  for  the 
want  of  any  needful  thing.  It  was  his  regi 
ment  first,  himself  always  last.  Is  it  any  won 
der  that  we  should  love  him  with  a  surpassing 
devotion  ?  Let  other  and  greener  laurels  en 
circle  his  brow,  and  let  him  wear  even  a  lof 
tier  title  than  that  which  now  he  bears  with 


144  FIRST  RHODE  ISLAND  REGIMENT. 

equal  modesty  and  faithfulness.  He  will  be 
honored  by  us,  to  whom  he  was  like  a  parent 
in  his  unselfish  love,  as  our  brave,  simple- 
hearted,  manly  Colonel. 

I  know  that  my  comrades  will  not  think 
me  invidious  in  choosing  from  their  number 
our  fearless  young  surgeon,  for  especial  men 
tion  in  this  place.  I  know  that  they  will 
thank  me  for  giving  expression  to  those  feel 
ings  which  stir  their  own  hearts.  In  the  camp 
and  on  the  field,  Dr.  Harris  was  equally  assid 
uous,  cool,  self-possessed,  and  efficient.  Rid 
ing  in  the  front  with  the  Colonel  of  the  Sec 
ond  Regiment,  to  which  he  had  been  tempo 
rarily  attached,  he  was  among  the  earliest  on 
the  field  upon  the  day  of  battle  and  carnage. 
His  professional  services  were  at  once  called 
into  requisition,  and  from  the  beginning  to 
the  end — nay,  beyond  the  end  of  that  bloody 
strife,  he  never  left  his  post  of  duty.  Always 
at  work  and  active,  he  did  all  that  man  could 
do  to  alleviate  the  sufferings  and  soothe  the 
pain  of  our  wounded  and  dying  men.  He 
had  a  kind  word  and  a  gentle  touch  for  all. 
Forgetful  of  himself,  he  only  wrought  for 
others.  He  had  indeed  a  less  conspicuous 


CONCLUSION.  145 

duty  than  those  who  fought  upon  the  field. 
But  never  was  a  more  necessary  duty  more 
faithfully  performed.  The  wounded  of  the 
enemy  who  fell  into  our  hands  were  as  care 
fully  and  tenderly  treated  as  our  own  men. 
Not  content  with  the  labor  which  he  per 
formed  upon  the  summit  of  the  hill,  upon 
which  the  battle  commenced,  he  went  down 
into  the  valley  and  the  woods  that  had  been 
held  by  the  opposing  forces,  and  there  still 
labored  till  after  the  retreat  commenced. 
Then,  going  to  the  rear,  he  remained  at  the 
hospital  at  Sudley  Church,  to  do  still  more 
for  those  who  were  in  need.  Then,  giving 
himself  up  a  prisoner,  he  went  to  Richmond, 
and  would  not  accept  his  release  till  the  Rhode 
Island  soldiers  were  out  of  danger,  or  beyond 
the  surgeon's  skill ;  and,  after  his  return,  still 
busied  himself  here  and  at  Washington  for 
the  release  of  the  wounded  prisoners  who  as 
yet  remained  in  the  hands  of  the  enemy. 
The  simple  story  is  his  sufficient  eulogy,  and 
I  need  not  add  a  single  word  more  to  express 
the  admiration  of  my  comrades  and  my  own 
for  the  noble,  self-sacrificing  and  devoted  con 
duct  of  our  valued  friend. 
13 


146  FIRST  RHODE  ISLAND  REGIMENT. 

The  First  Rhode  Island  Regiment  no 
longer  exists.  Its  flag,  pierced  with  bullets, 
is  in  the  possession  of  the  State,  an  evidence 
of  the  valor  of  its  defenders.*  A  large  pro 
portion  of  its  members  have  already  joined 
the  other  regiments  that  have  gone  out  from 
us,  and  are  actively  employed  in  the  service 
of  their  country.  God's  help  and  blessing  go 
with  them  and  their  fellow  soldiers !  Wherever 
they  go — those  men  from  these  Rhode  Island 
homes — we  may  rest  assured  that  the  honor 
of  our  State  is  in  the  keeping  of  brave  men ; 
and  when  this  war  is  ended,  and  the  flag  of 
the  Union  once  more  floats  peacefully  to  the 
breeze,  from  sea  to  sea,  the  names  of  these 
Rhode  Island  troops,  infantry,  artillery,  cav 
alry  and  all,  will  be  written  in  brightest  lines 
upon  the  pages  of  our  nation's  history.  Let 
us  who  still  remain  behind,  be  faithful  to  them 
as  we  know  they  will  be  faithful  to  us. 

*  See  Appendix  F. 


APPENDIX  A. 

THE   THREE   MONTHS'   VOLUNTEERS. 

THE  Three  Months'  Volunteers  were  called  to  meet  an. 
emergency.  They  responded  with  the  utmost  readiness.  Ih 
the  case  of  our  own  regiment — and  this  is  but  one  out  of  many 
— men  left  their  business,  their  families,  their  all,  at  a  few 
hours'  notice.  Some  relinquished  important  enterprises.  Some 
changed  their  entire  plans  of  life.  Some  gave  up  contem 
plated  visits  abroad.  Some  hurried  home  from  abroad  to  strike 
one  blow  for  the  country,  which  was  all  the  dearer  to  them  for 
its  peril,  and  for  their  separation  from  its  shores.  These  vol 
unteers  nobly  met  the  emergency  which  had  summoned  them. 
They  hurried  to  Washington.  They  saved  the  capital  of  the 
nation  from  destructive  foes.  They  saved  the  government.  A 
few  weeks'  delay  would  have  been  fatal.  The  bravery,  the 
skill,  the  adaptedness  to  novel  circumstances,  which  they  dis 
played,  were  the  hope  of  the  country,  and  the  assurance  of 
stability  in  the  maintenance  of  the  State.  Public  attention 
has  been  so  much  centred  upon  Washington,  as  sometimes  to 
induce  a  partial  forgetfulness  of  the  great  services  rendered  by 
these  men  in  other  parts  of  the  country.  St.  Louis  and  Mis 
souri  ;  Cairo  and  Southern  Illinois ;  Western  Virginia,  Annapo 
lis,  Baltimore,  and  the  State  of  Maryland ;  Fortress  Monroe, 
with  its  perpetual  threat  of  Norfolk  and  Richmond,  and  its  com 
mand  of  Chesapeake  Bay ;  Fort  Pickens,  Key  West,  the  Tor- 
tugas,  and  the  Florida  Keys,  with  the  command  of  the  Gulf  of 


148  APPENDIX   A. 

Mexico,  belong  to  the  country  to-day  because  of  the  timely 
assistance  and  the  energetic  work  of  the  three  months'  volun 
teers.  They  built  Fort  Corcoran,  Fort  Albany,  Fort  Run-on, 
and  Fort  Ellsworth.  They  first  occupied  the  soil  of  Virginia. 
They  drove  Gen.  Johnston  out  of  Harper's  Ferry,  and  occupied 
and  re-possessed  that  place,  which  was  one  of  the  first  that  the 
Government  had  been  obliged  to  abandon.  They  could  fight, 
as  well  as  work.  They  proved  their  bravery  at  Grafton,  Phil- 
lippa,  Romney,  Booneville,  Carthage,  Buckhannon,  Rich  Moun 
tain,  and  Barboursville,  and  even  the  disastrous  fields  of  Big 
Bethel,  Bull  Run,  and  Wilson's  Creek  were  illustrated  by  their 
valor.  At  Bull  Run,  the  courage  and  endurance  of  the  three 
months'  volunteers  were  amply  proved.  Such  regiments  as 
the  Thirteenth,  Sixty-ninth,  and  Seventy-first  New  York,  Fifth 
Massachusetts,  First  Michigan,  First  and  Second  Maine,  First 
and  Second  Connecticut,  not  to  mention  others,  suffered  no 
disgrace  upon  that  scene  of  defeat.  The  term  of  service  of 
several  of  these  regiments  had  already  expired,  as  was  the  case 
with  our  own  regiment,  yet  they  marched  to  the  battle  field 
with  cheerfulness  and  alacrity.  They  would  have  been  willing 
to  remain  at  Washington  long  afterwards,  had  the  Government 
so  desired.  But  those  who  understood  the  real  nature  of  the 
case,  thought  it  advisable  rather  to  re-organize  the  army,  than 
to  keep  these  men  in  service.  It  is  hardly  necessary  to  notice 
the  sneers  and  slurs  of  the  English  correspondent  of  the  Lon 
don  Times  upon  the  return  of  the  three  months'  volunteers, 
and  their  reception  at  home.  The  criticism  of  the  Times  and 
its  sympathizers  is  at  once  so  ignorant  and  so  ill-natured,  so 
full  of  detraction  and  a  desire  to  make  the  worse  appear  the 
better  reason,  as  to  merit  little  attention.  The  first  volunteers 
can  point  to  their  record  for  their  vindication.  They  were  re 
ceived  with  public  rejoicings,  because  the  people  of  the  coun 
try  were  desirous  of  making  grateful  acknowledgment  of  their 
obligations  to  those  who  had  saved  the  Republic. 

Moreover,  the  three  months'  regiments  have  been  schools  of 


THE  THREE  MONTHS*  VOLUNTEERS.  149 

instruction  for  many  of  the  officers  of  the  regiments  for  three 
years.  From  statistics  which  I  give  in  another  place,*  it  will 
be  seen  how  largely  the  other  regiments  from  our  own  State 
are  indebted  for  their  officers  to  those  who  had  already  served 
in  the  First  Regiment.  I  presume  that  this  is  not  a  singular 
case.  Other  States  doubtless  show  a  similar  result.  Had  the 
service  for  the  short  term  been  productive  of  no  other  fruit 
than  this,  it  would  be  sufficient  to  give  the  early  volunteers  a 
high  place  in  the  regards  of  their  fellow  citizens.  The  regular 
service  itself  is  filling  up  its  depleted  lists  by  calling  the  officers 
of  the  three  months'  regiments  to  honorable  positions  in  the 
army. 

The  moral  effect  of  the  uprising  of  the  people,  as  manifested 
in  the  action  of  the  early  volunteers,  must  be  taken  into  the 
account  in  making  up  our  judgment.  Men  engaged  in  peace 
ful  occupations  at  once  became  soldiers.  It  was  proved,  that 
American  citizens,  of  every  grade  in  life,  and  of  every  kind  of 
employment,  possessed  the  capacity,  the  will,  and  the  courage 
of  well- trained  armies.  A  reference  to  the  table  of  occupations 
will  show  how  readily  our  people  can  take  arms  into  their 
hands  for  the  defence  of  their  country's  institutions.  The  large 
army  of  seventy-five  thousand  men  was  simply  the  advance 
guard.  The  loyal  States  have  sent  over  five  hundred  thousand 
men  to  form  the  main  body,  and  they  have  all  shown  that  vol 
unteers  can  stand,  like  veterans,  beneath  the  heaviest  fire 
which  the  most  effective  engines  of  destruction  can  produce. 
A  training  of  three  years,  should  the  war  continue,  will  make 
of  this  army  an  invincible  host,  which  no  foreign  power  will  be  in 
haste  to  meet.  But  the  policy  of  the  American  nation  is  peace 
with  all  the  world,  if  it  can  be  secured  honorably ;  and  the  na 
tions  of  Europe  will  see  the  survivors  of  the  war  returning  to  their 
usual  occupations,  and  resuming  their  former  life  as  good  citizens, 
obedient  to  law  and  observant  of  the  rules  of  public  order.  As  it 


*  See  Appendix  D. 

13* 


150  APPENDIX   A. 

is,  so  far  as  numbers  are  concerned,  they  are  scarcely  missed 
from  our  Northern  communities,  and  the  business  of  our  towns 
and  cities  and  villages  goes  on  as  usual.  There  are  no  mobs, 
there  is  no  destitution,  there  is  no  lack  of  generous  assistance 
to  all  who  in  any  way  may  be  in  want.  The  soldiers  who 
have  gone,  and  the  people  who  have  sent  them,  are  proving 
themselves  worthy  of  the  institutions  which  they  are  defend 
ing  and  supporting.  God  be  praised  that  American  manhood, 
American  valor,  and  American  loyalty  have  exhibited  such 
noble  characteristics  before  the  eyes  of  all  mankind. 


APPENDIX  B. 

THE  SEA  GULL  AND  HER  CARGO. 

I  HAVE  alluded  to  the  generosity  of  our  friends  in  sending 
to  the  Rhode  Island  soldiers,  while  in  camp,  a  full  cargo  of  ice. 
Messrs.  Earl-  Carpenter  and  Sons,  and  the  Providence  Ice  Co. 
united  in  contributing  from  their  storehouses,  a  quantity  of  ice 
sufficient  to  load  the  schooner  Sea  Gull.  Mr.  John  Kendrick 
was  especially  active  in  procuring  subscriptions  for  the  expense 
of  chartering  the  vessel  and  for  other  necessary  payments.  The 
Sea  Gull  was  freighted  with  a  large  number  of  packages  of 
different  kinds,  sent  by  the  friends  of  the  soldiers.  She  set  sail 
from  Providence,  May  21st,  1861,  and  arrived  at  Washing 
ton  on  the  27th.  A  large  quantity  of  clams  and  fish  had  been 
put  on  board,  with  the  hope  that  Rhode  'Island  in  the  camp 
might  celebrate  "  Election  Day"  (May  28th)  with  a  genuine 
"  clambake."  It  was  intended  to  issue  invitations  to  the  Presi 
dent  and  the  Cabinet  to  share  our  festivities.  But  alas  for 
human  expectations !  The  voyage  wrought  sad  havoc  with  the 
most  perishable  part  of  the  cargo,  and  the  clams  found  a  con 
genial  burial  place  in  the  mud  at  the  bottom  of  the  Potomac. 
The  remainder  of  the  cargo  was  distributed  among  the  men, 
and  was  received  with  the  liveliest  expressions  of  satisfaction. 
"  Election  Day"  had  its  concomitants  of  "  egg-nog"  and  "  blue 
eggs"  in  the  quarters  of  Company  F,  and  a  salute  of  thirty -four 
guns  at  sunset  celebrated  the  inauguration  of  the  State  Gov 
ernment  at  Newport. 


152 


APPENDIX   B. 


On  the  following  Sunday,  at  dress  parade,  Col.  Burnside 
caused  the  following  order  to  be  read  : 

June  2d,  1861. 

The  Col.  commanding  takes  this  occasion  to  express,  in  be 
half  of  the  regiment,  his  grateful  acknowledgments  to  the  do 
nors  of  a  cargo  of  ice,  which  has  been  recently  received  from 
Providence,  by  the  schooner  Sea  Gull,  viz. :  to 


A.  &  W.  Sprague, 

A.  D.  &  J.  Y.  Smith, 

E.  P.  Mason  &  Co., 

Thomas  Hoppin, 

Alexander  Duncan, 

J.  W.  Slater, 

J.  Carter  Brown, 

R.  H.  Ives, 

A.  Manton, 

Day  &  Chapin, 

W.  W.  Hoppin, 

Orray  Taft  &  Co., 

Thomas  A.  Jenckes, 

Bradford  Taft  &  Co., 

A.  B.  Dike, 

Knowles  &  Anthony, 

Mrs.  Moses  B.  Ives, 

Miss  Ives, 

Congdon,  Aylesworth  &  Co., 

H.  Lippit  &  Co., 

A.  Thayer, 

and  six  gentlemen  whose  names  are  unknown. 

Thanks  are  also  due  to  the  indefatigable  exertions  of  John 
Kendrick,  to  Earl  C.  Potter,  and  the  following  named  gentle- 


Isaac  Hartshorn, 

Thomas  Davis, 

Corliss  Steam  Engine  Co., 

Bradford,  Miller  &  Simons, 

Thomas  J.  Hill, 

Cook  &  Danielson,' 

Edward  Harris, 

H.  T.  Beckwith, 

I.  H.  Day, 

D.  C.  Jencks, 

J.  H.  Mason  &  Son, 

A-  O.  Peck, 

John  Pitman, 

W.  B.  Snow,  Jr., 

S.  Sterry  Smith, 

W.  &  S.  G.  Coleman, 

Day  &  Sprague, 

Taylor,  Simonds  &  Co., 

R.  Currey, 

Benjamin  Dyer, 


THE  SEA  GULL  AND  HER  CARGO.      153 

men  who  accompanied  Capt.  Howland  as  guard  to  the  vessel, 
viz. : 

Rev.  S.  W.  Field,  O.  W.  Frieze, 

E.  L.  Walcotti-  J.  A.  Howland, 

D.  T.  Downe,  H.  S.  Harris,  and 

A.  E.  Bradley,  H.  J.  Smith,  of  Providence, 

E.  S.  Allen,  P.  W.  Lippitt,  of  Woonsocket, 
J.  A.  Winsor,  AYm,  Town,  of  Pawtucket. 

The  donation  of  five  hundred  copies  of  the  New  Testament 
and  Psalms,  from  the  R.  I.  Bible  Society,  is  also  thankfully  re 
cognized,  as  is  the  generosity  of  that  host  of  friends  of  the  regi 
ment,  whose  good  will  towards  us  has  been  so  abundantly  mani 
fested  in  the  numerous  gifts  with  which  the  Sea  Gull  was 
freighted » 


APPENDIX  C. 

THE   DEAD. 

JOHN  S.  SLOCUM.  This  gallant  officer,  at  the  time  of  his 
death  in  command  of  the  Second  Regiment  Rhode  Island  Vol 
unteers,  was  born  in  Richmond,  R.  L,  in  the  year  1824.  Of  a 
decidedly  military  inclination,  he  early  in  life  became  a  mem 
ber  of  a  volunteer  corps  of  our  State  militia.  When  the  war 
with  Mexico  broke  out,  he  was  appointed  lieutenant  of  a  com 
pany  in  the  famous  Ninth  Regiment,  (Col.  Ransom's.)  He 
was  in  several  of  the  important  battles  on  the  route  from  Yera 
Cruz  to  the  city  of  Mexico,  and  distinguished  himself  for  his 
bravery  and  coolness.  After  having  been  in  active  service  for 
a  year  or  more,  he  returned  to  the  United  States  to  recruit  his 
regiment.  He  was  married  in  1858  to  a  daughter  of  the  Hon. 
Charles  T.  James  of  Providence.  At  the  beginning  of  the  re 
bellion,  he  was  engaged  with  his  father-in-law  in  the  improve 
ment,  manufacture,  and  sale  of  the  James  cannon  and  projec 
tiles.  Appointed  Major  of  the  First  Regiment,  at  the  time  of 
its  enlistment,  he  at  once  exhibited  military  talent  of  no  com 
mon  order.  His  gallantry  as  a  soldier  at  once  secured  our 
esteem,  and  his  genial  qualities,  as  a  companion  and  friend, 
won  our  affections.  On  the  llth  of  May,  Maj.  Slocum  left 
Washington  for  Rhode  Island,  for  the  purpose  of  raising  the 
Second  Regiment  for  the  service  for  three  years.  He  was  ap- 


THE  DEAD.  ^      155 

pointed  Colonel  of  this  regiment  upon  its  organization,  and  by 
his  activity  and  energy,  brought  it  to  a  high  state  of  discipline. 
On  the  advance  into  Virginia,  his  regiment  took  the  front  of 
the  column,  and  rendered  great  service  in  reconnoitering  and 
as  skirmishers.  On  the  field,  Col.  Slocum  fearlessly  led  his 
men  into  the  thickest  of  the  fight,  with  the  words  :  "  Now  show 
them  what  Rhode  Island  can  do," — and,  by  the  bravery  of  his 
example,  assisted  materially  in  the  encouragement  of  our  troops. 
He  was  shot  early  in  the  action,  and  fell,  mortally  wounded. 
He  continued  conscious  but  speechless,  during  the  greater  part 
of  the  day,  but  toward  evening,  fell  into  a  comatose  condition. 
He  remained  alive  but  insensible,  till  Tuesday,  July  23,  when 
he  quietly  breathed  his  last.  I  was  with  him  a  large  part  of  the 
day  of  battle,  and  saw  him  a  short  time  after  he  was  struck.  His 
face  was  calm  and  fair  as  in  his  brightest  moments,  and  he  met  his 
death  as  a  brave  man  should.  Col.  Burnside  felt  his  loss  most 
keenly,  and  speaks  of  him  as  an  officer,  whose  career,  had  his 
life  been  spared,  would  have  been  most  honorable  to  the  State 
and  the  Nation. 

HENRY  A.  PRESCOTT.  I  have  already  declared  my  appre 
ciation  of  the  high  Christian  character  and  the  brave  and  steady 
bearing  of  Lieut.  Prescott.  No  braver  or  better  man  could  be 
found  in  the  ranks  of  the  army  of  the  Union.  In  the  camp,  his 
influence  was  always  exercised  for  the  benefit  of  his  men,  and 
of  all  who  came  within  his  reach.  On  the  march,  he  was  ac 
tive,  energetic,  and  enduring.  On  that  Sunday  morning,  he 
frequently  consulted  his  New  Testament,  which  he  always  car 
ried  with  him,  seeking  his  strength  in  communion  with  his  God. 
On  the  field,  he  was  calm,  collected,  and  fearless,  leading  the 
men  of  his  company,  until  struck  down  by  a  bullet  of  the 
enemy,  which  took  effect  upon  his  forehead,  killing  him  in 
stantly.  A  true  soldier  of  Jesus  Christ,  this  man  was  ;  manly, 
honorable,  high-minded,  and  devout — religious  without  pre 
tence,  and  endowed  with  the  courage  that  is  born  of  duty  and 


156       ^  APPENDIX  C. 

faith.  He  was  born  in  Littleton,  Mass.,  November  10,1823, 
He  was  married  to  Miss  Delia  A.  Graves,  in  Salem,  Mass.,  in 
the  spring  of  1845.  Removing  to  Providence,  in  February, 
1850,  he  engaged  in  successful  business,  and  soon  gained  the  high 
esteem  of  all  who  knew  his  worth  of  character.  An  active  and 
honored  officer  of  the  Providence  Light  Infantry  Company, 
when  the  regiment  was  raised,  he  immediately  volunteered. 
He  regarded  the  service  as  of  the  most  responsible  duty,  and, 
to  him,  the  call  to  the  field  of  strife,  was  like  a  call  from  Heaven. 
I  have  alluded  to  his  work  in  the  camp  in  the  formation  of  a 
Christian  Association.  His  religion  was  not  a  mere  matter  of 
form.  The  beauty  and  fidelity  of  his  daily  life  proved  the  sin 
cerity  of  his  Christian  profession,  and  became  an  influence  of 
unspeakable  good.  The  history  of  this  war,  rich  as  it  may  be 
in  examples  of  virtue  and  Christian  courage,  will  bear  no 
brighter  name,  and  furnish  no  better  life  than  that  of  HENRY 
A.  PRESCOTT. 

LEVI  TOWER, — In  the  death  of  Captain  Tower,  the  State 
lost  an  officer  who  would  have  shed  lustre  upon  its  annals.  He 
came  of  Revolutionary  stock,  his  great-grandfather  having  been 
engaged  in  the  war  of  Independence.  His  grandfather  was  an 
officer  in  the  Newport  corps  of  Artillery  in  the  war  of  1812. 
The  young  man  inherited  the  courage  and  energy  of  his  ances 
tors.  He  was  born  on  the  18th  day  of  August,  1835.  He  be 
came  a  member  of  the  Pawtucket  Light  Guard  at  the  date  of 
its  formation  in  1857,  and  rose  from  the  ranks  to  the  office  of 
lieutenant.  When  the  company  was  called  to  form  a  part  of 
the  1st  Regiment,  he  was  chosen  ensign,  and  served  in  that  ca 
pacity  during  his  connection  with  the  Regiment.  He  was  se 
lected  by  Col.  Burnside  to  command  a  detail  of  twenty-six 
men,  who  assisted  in  constructing  and  working  a  ferry  from 
Georgetown  to  the  Virginia  side  of  the  Potomac,  which  was 
used  for  the  transportation  of  troops  in  the  advance  of  May 
23d.  His  faithfulness  in  this  service  recommended  him  to  the 
attention  of  the  authorities,  and,  in  the  formation  of  the  2d 


THE  DEAD.  157 

Regiment  he  was  offered  and  accepted  a  captaincy,  June  1st 
He  was  an  excellent  officer,  and  was  strongly  endeared  to  the 
men  of  his  company,  his  friends  and  associates.  He  was  killed 
while  encouraging  his  company  in  the  early  part  of  the  battle 
Qf  Sunday,  July  21st.  The  admirable  qualities  of  his  character 
made  him  always  a  favorite  companion,  and  both  our  regiments 
mourned  him  as  a  beloved  comrade.  One  of  his  friends 
writes  as  follows  :  "  The  best  part  of  his  story  is  his  great  kind 
ness  of  heart,  and  it  is  this  that  makes  his  loss  to  his  family  so 
irreparable.  He  had  a  great  love  and  reverence  for  aged  per 
sons,  and  was  always  seeking  some  means  to  minister  to  their 
happiness.  He  was  also  very  susceptible  to  all  moral  and  relig 
ious  teachings,  and  was  very  faithful  in  all  the  trusts  confided 
to  him.  He  never  wrote  home  without  requesting  our  prayers 
for  him."  So  writes  one  who  knew  him  well,  and  we  have  here 
a  glimpse  of  a  beautiful  and  noble  soul. 

LIGHT   BATTERY. 

BENJAMIN  F.  MARTINDALE  was  born  in  Western  New 
York,  1833.  When  quite  young  he  came  to  live  in  the  family 
of  Dr,  Gideon  Spencer,  of  Warwick,  and  spent  his  boyhood 
there.  He  served  in  a  Massachusetts  regiment  in  the  Mexican 
war.  He  was  a  carpenter  by  trade,  and  also  worked  as  a  gas 
fitter.  He  was  an  active  member  of  our  battery,  and  returned 
with  his  company  in  August.  He  afterwards  enlisted  as  cor 
poral  in  the  1st  Regiment  of  Light  Artillery,  and  having  joined 
the  Burnside  expedition,  was  killed  while  on  picket  duty,  May 
2d,  1862. 

COMPANY    A. 

JAMES  H.  PECKHAM  was  a  jeweler  by  occupation,  and  was, 
at  the  time  of  his  death,  36  years  of  age.  He  was  very  highly 
esteemed  for  his  manly  and  soldierly  qualities  by  the  men  of  his 
company.  Appointed  second  sergeant  of  Company  A,  he  was 
always  active  in  the  performance  of  his  duty  in  that  position  - 

u 


1  58  APPENDIX  C. 

Taken  ill  at  Centreville,  he  did  not  accompany  the  regiment  to 
the  battle  field.  In  the  afternoon  of  Sunday,  July  21st,  finding 
that  our  army  had  been  defeated,  he  attempted  to  make  his 
way  to  Washington.  He  succeeded  in  reaching  Georgetown, 
by  way  of  Falls  Church,  but  the  fatigue  of  the  journey,  and 
the  exposure  of  the  night,  were  too  much  for  his  feeble  strength, 
and  he  sank  exhausted  upon  the  door-stone  of  a  dwelling  in 
the  streets  of  Georgetown.  He  was  immediately  taken  into 
the  house,  and  most  kindly  cared  for  by  the  inmates.  His  life 
ebbed  rapidly  away,  and  he  died  on  Wednesday  July  24th, 
1861,  sincerely  lamented  by  his  comrades.  His  remains  were 
forwarded  to  Providence. 

WARREN  D.  HAWKINS  was  born  in  Providence  in  the  year 
1837,  and  was  a  bootmaker  by  trade.  He  was  an  agreeable 
and  intelligent  companion,  and  proved  himself  a  brave  and 
faithful  soldier.  He  was  killed  early  in  the  action  at  Bull  Run, 
on  Sunday,  July  21st,  in  the  unflinching  discharge  of  his  duty. 

HENRY  H.  LUTHER  was  born  in  Providence,  and  was  a 
carpenter  by  occupation.  A  good  soldier  and  brave  man,  he 
never  shrank  from  any  duty  or  danger,  and  fearlessly  met  a 
soldier's  death  on  the  battle  field  of  Bull  Run. 

ANDREW  J.  WHITE  was  born  in  Millbury,  Mass.,  in  the  year 
1840.  He  was  a  machinist  by  occupation,  and,  joining  the 
regiment  at  the  time  of  its  formation,  did  excellent  service 
through  the  campaign.  He  was  wounded  at  the  battle  of  Bull 
Run,  fell  into  the  hands  of  the  rebels,  and  died  at  Richmond, 
August  4th,  1861, 

COMPANY    B. 

THOMAS  BOLTON  was  born  in  the  city  of  Glocester,  Eng 
land,  in  the  year  1834,  and  was  a  puddler  by  occupation.  He 
was  taken  ill  a  short  time  previous  to  the  departure  of  the  reg 
iment  for  Centreville,  and  died  at  the  camp  hospital,  July  18th. 
He  was  a  good  soldier,  and  was  much  esteemed  by  his  asso 
ciates. 


THE   DEAD.  159 

WILLARD  CHAFFEE  was  born  in  Seekonk,  Mass.,  in  the 
year  1842,  and  was  by  occupation  a  machinist.  He  was  a 
member  of  Co.  B.  in  our  regiment,  and  having  creditably  per 
formed  his  duties  there,  he  enlisted  in  the  3d  Regiment  at  the 
time  of  its  formation.  He  was  killed  in  the  battle  of  James 
Island,  near  Charleston,  S.  C.,  June  16th,  1862,  having  mani 
fested  in  a  most  signal  manner,  his  bravery  as  a  soldier  and  his 
fidelity  as  a  man. 

COMPANY    D. 

JOHN  K.  ARNOLD  was  born  in  Providence,  February  20th, 
1837,  and  was  by  occupation  a  clerk.  He  became  ill  of  typhoid 
fever,  early  in  the  month  of  July,  and  was  unable  to  accompany 
the  regiment  on  its  march  into  Virginia.  The  disease  was  of  a 
mild  type,  and  he  was  supposed  to  be  convalescent.  He  was 
removed  from  Washington  on  the  23d  of  July,  and  reached 
home  on  the  27th,  but  in  making  the  journey  he  suffered  a  re 
lapse,  and  died  in  Providence  on  the  30th  day  of  July,  aged  24 
years,  5  months  and  10  days.  He  was  a  most  worthy,  faithful 
and  conscientious  young  man,  and,  governed  by  a  high  sense 
of  duty,  freely  offered  his  life  for  his  country.  His  fine  qualities 
of  character  attracted  the  respect  of  all  who  knew  him,  and  the 
members  of  his  company  lament'-d,  with  genuine  sorrow,  the 
death  of  their  comrade  and  friend. 

JESSE  COMSTOCK  was  born  in  Providence,  February  11, 
1843.  He  was  educated  in  the  public  schools  of  the  city. 
Upon  his  graduation  from  the  High  School,  he  entered  into  a 
counting  room,  intending  to  train  himself  for  a  mercantile  life. 
He  was  active  in  all  the  duties  of  a  soldier,  bravely  enduring 
the  hardships  and  meeting  the  dangers  of  the  campaign.  He 
was  wounded,  just  before  the  retreat,  at  the  battle  of  Bull  Run, 
and  died  at  Sudley  Church,  July  31st,  aged  18  years,  5  months 
and  20  days.  His  singular  pure-mindedness,  his  affectionate 
disposition,  and  his  warmth  of  heart,  made  him  a  universal 
favorite  in  the  camp,  and  it  was  with  profound  sorrow  that  we 


160  APPENDIX  C. 

left  him  to  a  sad  and  lingering  death,  A  few  of  our  number, 
who  had  been  captured,  watched  his  last  days,  and  his  dust 
sleeps  undisturbed  beneath  the  turf  of  the  distant  hill-side. 

GEORGE  TV.  FLAGG  was  born  in  Providence  in  the  year 
1841.  Impelled  by  a  conscientious  regard  to  the  requirements 
of  duty,  he  volunteered,  among  the  first,  to  defend  his  country 
and  its  institutions.  He  was  a  very  estimable  young  man,  and 
a  cool,  self-possessed  and  fearless  soldier.  Mortally  wounded  at 
the  battle  of  Bull  Run,  he  was  tenderly  cared  for  during  the 
day,  though  surgical  aid  was  unavailing  for  his  relief.  He  was 
taken  prisoner  on  the  retreat  of  our  forces,  and  died  at  Gor- 
donsville,  August  3d,  1861.  His  friends  have  the  consolation 
of  knowing  that  he  lived  faithfully,  and  died  submissively  to 
the  will  of  Providence.  He  was  kindly  treated  by  his  captors, 
•who  communicated  the  intelligence  of  his  decease  to  his  afflicted 
family. 

SAMUEL  FOSTER  passed  through  all  the  dangers  of  the  cam 
paign,  and  was  unharmed  in  the  battle  of  Bull  Hun.  But  on 
the  retreat,  he  was  missed  by  his  company,  and  failed  to  reach 
the  camp  of  the  regiment,  at  Centreville.  It  is  supposed  that 
he  was  wounded,  or  killed,  near  the  bridge  across  Cub  Run, 
which  was  shelled  by  the  rebel  artillery.  Though  no  tidings 
have  ever  been  received  of  his  fate,  his  friends  still  hope  to 
hear  that  he  is  alive.  He  was  a  genial  companion,  a  brave  sol 
dier  and  a  dutiful  man. 

ALBERT  B.  PENNO  was  born  in  Providence,  March  22,  1835. 
He  was  a  bottler  by  occupation.  He  joined  the  regiment 
among  the  very  first,  and  was  a  faithful  and  steady  soldier. 
Severely  wounded  at  the  battle  of  Bull  Run,  on  Sunday,  July 
21,  he  was  taken  prisoner  at  Sudley  Church,  and  afterwards 
removed  to  Richmond,  where  he  died  August  4, 1861.  He  was 
a  young  man  of  good  habits  and  correct  principles,  and  held  a 
high  place  in  the  regards  of  his  associates. 


THE    DEAD.  161 

COMPANY  E. 

FREDERICK  DEXTER  was  born  in  Seekonk,  Masssaclmsetts, 
in  tlie  year  1840.  He  was  the  only  child  of  his  parents,  who 
thus,  with  ready  patriotism,  gave  up  the  comfort  and  hope  of 
their  household.  His  father  was  a  farmer  in  easy  circumstances, 
and!  the  young  man  enlisted  in  the  company  from  Pawtucket 
under  a  pressing  sense  of  duty  to  the  cause.  He  creditably 
passed  through  his  term  of  service,  faithfully  performing  his 
duty.  On  his  return  home,  he  was  taken  ill  of  a  severe  typhoid 
fever,  which  terminated  fatally  on  the  10th  day  of  August,  at 
his  father's  house  at  Cumberland.  His  funeral  was  attended  by 
the  members  of  Co.  E,  and  a  large  number  of  friends,  who  thus 
attested  their  appreciation  of  his  worth. 

COMPANY    P. 

THOMAS  J.  HARRINGTON  was  born  in  Kerry  County,  Ire 
land,  in  the  year  1837.  He  emigrated  from  his  native  country 
to  America,  and,  upon  removing  to  Newport,  in  1858,  became 
an  operative  in  one  of  the  manufacturing  establishments  of 
that  city.  He  was  a  good  citizen,  and  was  esteemed  by  all 
who  knew  him  for  his  correct  and  manly  character.  He  joined 
Captain  Tew's  company  and  proved  himself  a  good  and  efficient 
soldier.  He  was  killed  at  the  battle  of  Bull  Run,  July  21st, 
while  bravely  performing  his  duty  to  his  adopted  country. 

THEODORE  W.  KING.* — Among  the  brave  men  who  answer 
ed  to  the  first  call  of  the  President  of  the  United  States  for  troops 
to  defend  the  capital,  and  to  stand  by  the  Union,  was  Theodore 
Wheaton  King,  of  whose  brief  life  we  make  a  short  record. 
He  was  the  youngest  son  of  Dr.  David  King,  and  was  born  in 
Newport,  R.  I.,  in  the  year  1841.  He  went  early  to  the  pri 
vate  grammar  schools  of  his  native  town.  His  tutor  in  French, 
mathematics,  and  in  military  exercise,  at  the  school  of  the  Rev. 


*  Communicated. 

14* 


162  APPENDIX    C. 

Mr.  Leverett,  was  M.  Vigier  de  Monteuil,  -who  fell  at  the  bat 
tle  of  Roanoke  Island.  The  last  two  years  were  passed  at 
Phillips'  Academy,  Andover,  The  breaking  out  of  the  re 
bellion  found  him  at  Andover.  On  learning  that  South  Caro 
lina  had  seceded,  he  wrote  to  a  friend  that  if  the  South  at 
tempted  to  destroy  the  Union,  he  should  consider  it  his  duty  to 
pour  out  his  blood  to  the  last  drop  for  his  country.  The  fall  of 
Sumter,  and  the  summons  of  the^President,  fixed  his  decision  ; 
and,  at  Providence,  while  on  his  way  to  school  at  Andover,  he 
enlisted  as  a  private  in  Company  F.  He  went  with  the  first 
detachment  of  five  hundred  men,  and  encountered  the  difficul 
ties  and  dangers  that  beset  them  between  Annapolis  and  Wash 
ington.  As  a  soldier  he  was  ever  ready  for  the  performance  of 
duty  ;  ever  desirous  to  join  any  party  selected  for  the  accom 
plishment  of  difficult  and  important  tasks.  On  the  night  of  the 
20th  of  July,  he  was  very  ill  from  fatigue  and  exhaustion,  lie 
was  placed  in  the  hospital  at  Centrcville,  but,  heaving  that  his 
regiment  had  passed  on,  he  rose  from  his  bed,  and,  armed  with 
his  gun  and  revolver,  followed  rapidly,  until  he  overtook  his 
company,  saying  to  his  companions,  who  were  surprised  at  see 
ing  him,  knowing  that  an  hour  before  he  was  very  ill — "  No 
man  shall  say  that  I  failed  in  my  duty."  When  the  regiment 
was  ordered  into  action,  he  marched  boldly  to  the  front,  and 
fought  bravely  until  he  fell,  struck  by  a  Minieball,  which  shat 
tered  his  thigh  bone.  Left  by  his  retreating  ccmpanions  in 
arms,  he  was  taken  at  night  into  a  shanty  near  by,  where  Col. 
Slocum  and  Maj.  Ballou,  of  his  own  brigade,  were  dying.  A 
fortnight  of  suffering  was  passed  here,  lying  on  the  floor,  with 
no  proper  dressing  of  his  wound.  He  was  carried  thence  to 
Richmond.  Four  months  he  passed  in  the  Richmond  tobacco 
warehouse,  or  prison  hospital.  His  constitution  was  gradually 
undermined,  by  the  suppuration  of  his  wound,  the  pestiferous 
atmosphere,  the  imperfect  diet,  and  the  want  of  necessary 
stimulants.  One  or  two  friends  of  his  parents  visited  him  in 
prison,  and  offered  him  succor,  which,  from  delicacy,  he  refused. 


THE  DEAD.  163 

By  his  calm,  patient  endurance  of  suffering,  and  his  mild,  amia 
ble  temper,  he  won  the  regard  of  the  surgeon  of  the  hospital 
Dr.  Eden  Higginbotham,  who  made  his  best  efforts  to  save  him, 
and  who  finally  took  him  to  his  own  house,  where  his  parents 
found  him  when  they  reached  Richmond,  about  the  middle 
of  Pecember,  1861.  "When  his  father  reached  him  at  Rich 
mond,  his  body  was  emaciated  to  an  extreme  degree,  but  his 
voice  was  clear  and  unaltered,  and  his  mind  calm,  firm  and 
hopeful.  This  hopeful  state  continued  while  delayed  at  Rich 
mond,  and  at  Fortress  Monroe.  On  his  arrival  at  Philadel 
phia,  he  was  taken  to  the  hospitable  mansion  of  Clement  C. 
Barclay,  Esq.,  for  the  purpose  of  recruiting  his  strength  to  bear 
the  journey  home.  Here,  notwithstanding  the  assiduities  of  the 
kindest  friends,  the  efforts  of  the  most  skillful  physicians  and 
surgeons,  the  best  wishes  of  a  deeply-sympathizing  community  r 
and  the  prayers  of  the  true,  the  good,  and  the  faithful,  he  grad 
ually  sunk  into  the  repose  of  death,  on  the  morning  of  January 
28,  1862.  He  was  distinguished  for  a  love  of  nature,  refine 
ment  of  mind  and  heart,  coolness  and  self-possession  in  the 
hour  of  danger,  and  fidelity  in  every  scene  of  duty.  A  brave 
and  beautiful  youth,  his  name  will  long  be  cherished  by  his 
friends,  as  one  who  gave  up  all  for  his  country,  his  duty,  and 
his  God. 

JOHN  P.  PECKHAM  was  born  in  Newport,  Aug.  22,  1841 
and  was  a  carpenter  by  trade.  He  was  a  young  man  of  excel 
lent  character ;  was  always  an  obedient  child,  an  attendant  at 
Sunday  School,  and  about  six  months  before  he  left  Newport 
with  the  regiment,  he  joined  the  Marlborough  Street  Methodist 
Episcopal  Church.  His  character  was  always  most  exemplary, 
and  he  was  universally  beloved  by  all  who  knew  him.  He 
volunteered  as  a  religious  and  patriotic  duty.  A  member  of 
the  gallant  color  company,  he  bravely  did  his  work  as  a  man 
and  soldier,  and,  by  his  death,  added  another  name  to  the  list 
of  those  who  have  been  •'  slain  for  the  testimony  which  they 


164  APPENDIX  C. 

held."  He  was  killed  at  the  battle  of  Bull  Run,  July  21,1861, 
and  his  memory  is  gratefully  preserved  by  his  surviving  com 
rades. 

COMPANY  G. 

PAUL  DOWNES  was  born  in  Lancashire,  England,  in  1833, 
and  was  consequently  28  years  of  age  at  the  time  of  his  death. 
He  removed  to  this  country  and  engaged  in  the  business  of  a 
machinist.  He  was  wounded  in  the  battle  of  Bull  Run,  July 
21,  and  was  captured  by  the  enemy.  He  died  at  Richmond, 
Aug.  1, 1861.  He  was  a  brave  man  and  a  good  soldier. 

HERMAN  SCIIOCKER  was  a  native  of  Saxony,  and  was  born 
in  the  year  1816.  A  few  years  since,  with  his  wife  and  family, 
he  removed  to  this  country.  He  was  a  jeweller  by  occupation^ 
and  his  fidelity  and  industry  secured  for  him  the  confidence  of 
his  employers.  An  ardent  lover  of  free  institutions,  and  an  in 
telligent  citizen,  when  his  adopted  country  was  threatened  with 
destruction,  he  hastened  to  enroll  himself  in  the  ranks  of  her 
defenders.  He  had  crossed  the  seas  for  the  sake  of  living  in  a 
free  country,  and  he  appreciated  the  worth  of  liberty.  He 
passed  through  the  campaign  with  credit  to  himself,  and  was 
killed  while  fighting  for  the  cause  which  he  loved. 

DANIEL  LYMAN  ARNOLD  was  the  youngest  son  of  the  late 
Governor  Lemuel  H.  Arnold,  of  this  State,  and  brother  in-law 
of  Brigadier  General  I.  P.  Rodman,  of  South  Kingstown.  His 
maternal  grandfather,  Colonel  Daniel  Lyman,  figured  conspic 
uously  in  the  Revolution,  and  subsequently  in  the  political  his 
tory  of  Rhode  Island.  He  was  born  in  the  year  1831.  He  en 
listed  in  the  1st  Regiment,  at  the  time  of  its  formation,  as  a 
private,  and  was  promoted  to  Corporal,  for  gallantry  at  the 
battle  of  Bull  Run.  He  remained  at  home,  after  the  return  of 
the  Regiment,  till  January,  1862,  when  he  received  the  ap 
pointment  of  Sergeant  in  the  3d  Regiment.  He  faithfully  per 
formed  his  duty  at  Port  Royal,  and  accompanied  the  battalion 
which  joined  the  expedition  against  Charleston.  He  was  mor- 


THE  DEAD.  165 

tally  wounded  at  the  battle  of  James  Island,  June  16th,  1862, 
and  died  on  Tuesday,  June  24th. 

COMPANY  H. 

JAMES  DOUGHERTY  was  a  native  of  Ireland.  He  was  born 
in  Tyrone,  in  the  year  1837,  and  was  a  jeweller  by  trade.  En 
tering  the  ranks  of  the  army,  he  faithfully  performed  his  allotted 
work,  and  met  his  fate  at  the  battle  of  Bull  Run,  July  21, 1861. 
For  the  country  which  had  befriended  him  as  an  exile,  he  was 
willing  to  give  his  life.  Our  adopted  citizens  have  nobly  per 
formed  their  full  share  of  the  perilous  work  which  the  times 
demanded,  and  in  their  annals,  this  humble  name  will  not  be 
forgotten. 

JOHN  FALVEY  was  born  in  Providence,  in  the  year  1843, 
and  followed  the  occupation  of  a  barber.  He  was  a  young 
man  of  genial  qualities  of  character,  and  of  ready  wit.  On 
the  march  to  Centreville,  he  was  overcome  by  fatigue,  and, 
when  the  regiment  marched  to  Bull  Run,  he  remained  in  the 
camp.  Falling  into  the  hands  of  the  enemy,  after  the  retreat, 
he  rapidly  became  ill,  and  died  at  Richmond,  on  the  28th  day 
of  July,  1861. 

COMPANY  I. 

ALBERT  II.  BURDICK  was  born  in  Genesee  county,  N.  Y., 
in  the  year  1837,  and  was  a  machinist  by  occupation.  Com 
pany  I  was  one  of  the  best  companies  in  the  regiment,  as  at 
tested  by  the  official  despatches  of  Col.  Burnside,  and  private 
Burdick  well  sustained  the  credit  of  his  company.  He  was 
mortally  wounded  at  Bull  Run,  and  probably  died  soon  after 
the  day  of  the  battle. 

SAMUEL  C.  DANFORTH  was  a  native  of  Saco,  Maine,  and 
was  a  laborer  by  occupation.  He  was  born  in  the  year  1843, 
and  was  among  the  youngest  men  of  his  company.  But,  though 
so  young,  he  was  among  the  most  active  and  efficient,  and  de 
serves  honorable  mention  among  those  whose  courage  has  given 
glory  to  our  State.  He  was  killed  at  the  battle  of  Bull  Run, 
July  21,  1861. 


166  APPENDIX  C. 

HENRY  H.  REMINGTON  was  born  in  East  Greenwich,  R.  I., 
in  the  year  1842.  He  passed  through  all  the  experiences  of 
the  campaign  with  credit  to  himself.  But  after  the  disband- 
ment  of  the  regiment,  he  was  taken  seriously  ill,  and  died  at 
Providence,  August  28,  1861.  He  was  a  young  man  of  cor 
rect  habits,  and  secured,  by  his  quiet  fidelity,  the  regard  of  his 
associates. 

COMPANY  K. 

WILLIAM  H.  ACKLEY  was  born  at  White  Creek,  N.  Y.,  in 
the  year  1827,  and  was  a  farmer  by  occupation.  He  joined 
the  regiment  when  Company  K  was  first  enlisted,  and  was  cm- 
ployed  as  wagoner.  He  honorably  passed  through  the  dangers 
of  the  campaign,  and  in  creditable  contrast  to  many  others, 
drove  his  wagon  into  Washington  in  safety,  bringing  in  several 
wounded  men.  The  fatigue  and  exposure  to  which  he  was 
subjected  produced  severe  illness  and  prostration,  from  which 
he  could  not  rally.  He  died,  July  24,  at  the  Regimental  Hos 
pital  in  Washington,  and  was  buried,  according  to  military 
usage,  in  Glenwood  Cemetery. 

ERASMUS  S,  BARTHOLOMEW  was  born  in  Denmark,  N.  Y., 
in  the  year  1831,  and  followed  the  occupation  of  a  dentist  in 
the  village  of  Woonsocket,  at  the  time  of  the  organization  of 
the  First  Regiment.  He  joined  Company  K,  and  was  appoint 
ed  first  corporal.  After  the  disbandment  of  the  First  Regi 
ment,  he  joined  Capt.  Tourtelotte's  company  in  the  Third 
Regiment,  with  the  rank  of  sergeant.  His  admirable  qualities 
as  a  man  and  soldier  attracted  the  commendation  of  his  supe 
rior  officers,  and  he  was  soon  appointed  acting  Sergeant  Major 
of  the  regiment.  Here,  too,  he  received  great  praise,  and  on 
the  21st  day  of  May,  18G2,  he  was  commissioned  as  Lieutenant, 
and  assigned  to  Company  E.  He  was  mortally  wounded  in 
the  battle  of  James  Island,  June  16,  18G2,  and  died  on  the  fol 
lowing  day.  During  his  connection  with  the  First  Regiment, 
he  commanded  the  esteem  of  all  by  the  genuineness  of  his  re- 


THE   DEAD.  167 

ligious  character,  and  the  sincerity  of  his  life.  Engaged  for  a 
time  in  the  hospital,  he  was  most  assiduous  in  the  care  and  at 
tention  which  he  bestowed  upon  the  sick,  and  by  the  cheerful 
ness,  kindness,  and  diligence  which  he  brought  to  this  office, 
conduced  greatly  to  the  comfort  of  the  patients  and  the  allevia. 
tion  of  their  pain.  His  former  and  his  more  recent  comrades 
speak  equally  in  his  favor,  and  his  death  must  be  an  afflictive 
bereavement  to  his  fellow  officers,  and  a  severe  loss  to  the 
entire  regiment. 

HENRY  C.  DAVIS  was  a  member  of  the  company  from 
Woonsocket,  and  enlisted  from  motives  of  sincere  patriotism. 
Hardly  capable  of  enduring  the  hardships  of  a  soldier's  life,  he 
became  ill  soon  after  the  Regiment  went  into  camp,  and  died 
in  the  hospital,  June  16,  1861,  while  the  Regiment  was  absent 
on  the  expedition  towards  Harper's  Ferry.  His  funeral  obse 
quies  were  attended  by  Father  Quinn,anda  Baptist  clergyman 
from  the  city  of  Washington,  and  his  body  sent  to  Woonsocket 
for  interment. 

JOSEPH  HARROP  was  born  at  Ossett,  Ireland,  in  the  year 
1837,  and  was  employed  as  a  weaver  at  the  time  of  the  com 
mencement  of  the  rebellion.  He  was  a  faithful  soldier,  and 
well  performed  his  part  in  the  work  of  the  army.  He  was  killed 
at  the  battle  of  Bull  Run,  July  21,  1861. 

HUGH  MELVILLE  was  born  in  the  town  of  Groton.,Vermont, 
in  the  year  1821,  and  was  a  blacksmith  by  trade.  He  was  a 
brave  soldier  in  the  Mexican  war,  and  when  the  rebellion  broke 
out,  he  at  once  took  arms  again  to  defend  the  institutions  and 
laws  of  the  country.  He  is  declared  to  have  been,  in  all  posi 
tions,  an  active,  courageous,  and  dutiful  soldier.  Killed  at 
Bull  Run,  in  the  early  part  of  the  battle  of  July  21,  his  memo 
ry  is  cherished  by  his  late  comrades,  and  held  in  grateful  es 
teem  by  all  who  knew  the  humble  fidelity  of  his  life. 

MATTHEW  QUIRK  was  born  at  Clomwell,  Ireland,  in  the 
year  1816.  Removing  to  this  country,  he  found  employment  as 


168  APPENDIX    C. 

a  laborer.     When  the  war  began,  he  enlisted  in  Company  K, 
and  after  faithful  service,  was  killed  in  battle,  July  21,  1861. 

GEORGE  J.  HILL  was  born  at  Upton,  Mass,  in  the  year  1833, 
and  was  by  occupation  a  shoemaker.  He  was  an  excellent 
member  of  Company  K,  and  faithfully  performed  all  the  duties 
of  his  position  while  connected  with  the  First  Eegiment.  Upon 
the  formation  of  the  Third  Regiment  he  enlisted  in  Company 
D,  and  received  the  appointment  of  Sergeant.  He  was  pres 
ent  at  the  siege  of  Fort  Pulaski,  and  when  that  post  was  repos 
sessed  by  the  United  States  forces,  his  company  formed  a  por 
tion  of  the  garrison.  He  was  mortally  wounded  by  the  acci 
dental  explosion  of  a  shell  in  the  fort  on  the  14th  day  of  April 
1862,  and  soon  after  died. 

POSTSCRIPT. — HENRY  E.  TESTEN  was  a  native  of  Massachu 
setts,  having  been  born  in  Blackstone,  in  the  year  1843.  He 
was  a  member  of  Co.  G,,  in  our  regiment,  and  was  a  good  sol 
dier.  He  enlisted  in  Battery  C.,  1st  Regiment  Light  Artillery, 
in  the  Autumn  of  1861,  and  was  killed  in  battle  in  front  of 
Richmond,  June  27,  1862. 


APPENDIX  D. 


ROLL  OF   THE   REGIMENT. 

In  making  up  the  Roll  of  the  Regiment,  I  have  placed  oppo 
site  the  names  of  the  officers  and  men,  in  the  greater  number 
of  instances,  the  positions  which  they  filled,  July  1,  1862,  The 
dates  of  the  enlistments  and  appointments  are  necessarily  im 
perfectly  ascertained,  as  they  extend  over  the  time  between  the 
organization  and  departure  of  the  regiments  to  which  the  offi 
cers  and  men  were  attached.  In  some  instances  the  enlist 
ments  and  appointments  were  made  after  the  departure  of  the 
regiments.  I  therefore  am  obliged  to  be  contented  with  giving 
the  dates  as  below  : 

3d  Regiment  R.  I.  V.,  organized  Aug.  12,  1861,  left  Provi 
dence  Sept  7,  1861,  and  was  enlarged  to  12  companies,  Feb. 
1862. 

4th  Regiment  R.  I.  V.,  organized  Aug.  15,  1861,  left  Provi 
dence  Oct.  5,  1861. 

5th  Regiment  R.  I.  V.,  organized  Oat.  180 1,  left  Providence 
as  a  battalion  of  five  companies,  Dec.  27,  1861. 

1st  Regiment  R,  I.  Cavalry,  (eight  companies  from  Rhode 
Island,  four  companies  from  New  Hampshire),  organized  Oct. 
1861,  left  Evidence  March  8,  1862. 

1st  Regiment  R.  I.  L.  A.,  organized  Sept.  13,  1861,  left 
Providence  as  the  batteries  were  filled,  to  Jan.,  1862. 

7th  Regiment  R.  I.  V.,  organized,  in  part,  May,  1862. 

The  9th  and  10th  Regiments,  with  a  Battery,  were  raised  for 
three  months  service,  and  left  for  Washington  on  the  27th-29th 
of  May,  1862. 

15 


170  APPENDIX  D. 

The  7th  Squadron  of  Cavalry,  (one  company  from  Rhode 
Island,  one  company  from  New  Hampshire  and  Vermont),  was 
also  raised  for  three  months,  and  left  for  Washington  on  the  26th 
day  ot  June,  1862. 

FIELD  AND  STAFF   OFFICERS. 

Colonel,  AMBROSE  E,  BURNSIDE.  Brigadier  General  of 
Volunteers,  U.  S.  A.,  Aug.  6, 1861 ;  Major  General,  March  18th, 
1862.  In  command  of  the  Department  of  North  Carolina.* 

Lieutenant  Colonel,  JOSEPH  S.  PITMAN. 

First  Major,  JOHN  S.  SLOCUM,  resigned,  and  appointed 
Colonel  of  2d  Regiment  R.  I.  V.,  May  8th.  1861.  Mortally 
wounded  in  the  battle  of  Ball  Run,  July  21st,  and  died  July 
23d,  1861. 

First  Major,  JOSEPH  P.  BALCH,  promoted  from  2d  Major 
June  27,  1861. 

Second  Major,  WILLIAM  GODDARD,  appointed  June  27th, 
1861. 

Surgeon,  FRANCIS  L.  WIIEATON  ;  resigned,  and  appointed 
Surgeon  in  2d  Regiment  R.  I.  V.,  June  6,  1861.  Brigade  Sur 
geon. 

Surgeon,  HENRY  W.  RIVERS,  promoted  from  Assistant 
Surgeon,  June  7th.  Surgeon  4th  Regiment  R.  I.  V. ;  promoted 
to  Brigade  Surgeon,  Mirch,  1862. 

Assistant  Surgeon,  NATHANIEL  MILLER. 

Assistant  Surgeon,  GEORGE  W.  CARR.  Appointed  Assistant 
Surgeon  in  2d  Regiment  R.  I.  V.,  August  27th,  1861. 

Assistant  Surgeon,  JAMES  HARRIS,  attached  to  2d  Regi 
ment,  July  1st,  1861 ;  taken  prisoner  at  the  battle  of  Bull  Run, 


*Robert  Holloway  was  the  colorel  servant  of  Col.  Burnside,  and  was  most  devo 
tedly  attached  to  him.  Ha  h  xd  received  great  ki:id:io33  at  Col.  B's  hand*,  while 
that  offloer  was  serving  in  Now  Mexico,  in  1830,  and  followed  him  to  the  East. 
lie  had  the  misfortune  of  being  captured  at  the  battle  of  Bull  Run,  but  was 
released  early  in  March,  1832,  aud  immediately  joined  General  Burnside  at 
Newborn,  N.  C. 


ROLL   OF  THE  REGIMENT.  171 

July  21st;  released  September,  1861.  Appointed  Superinten 
dent  of  the  United  States  Hospital  at  Providence,  April,  1862. 

Adjutant,  CHARLES  II.  MERRIMAN.*  Appointed  Major  of 
10th  Regiment  R.  I.  V.,  May  26th,  1862  ;  resigned  June,  1862. 

Quartermaster,  CYRUS  G.  DYER,  resigned,  and  appointed 
Captain  in  2d  Regiment  R.  I.  V.,  June  5th,  1861. 

Quartermaster,  WM.  LLOYD  BOWERS  ;  promoted  from  Com 
missary,  June  5th,  1861;  taken  prisoner  at  the  battle  of  Bull 
Run,  July  21st;  released,  and  returned  to  Providence,  January 
25th,  1862. 

Commissary,  ALVAN  COLE. 

Paymaster,  HENRY  T.  SISSON.  Appointed  Captain.  Decem 
ber  20th,  1861,  and  promoted  to  Major  3d  Regiment  R.  I.  H. 
A.,  February  5th,  1862. 

Chaplain,  AUGUSTUS  WOOSBURY. 

Assistant  Chaplain,  THOMAS  QUINN".  Appointed  Chaplain 
3d  Regiment  R.  I,  II.  A, ;  transferred  to  1st  Regiment  R.  I.  L. 
A. ;  discharged  January  8th,  1862. 

Engineer,  HENRY  A.  DsWiTT,  promoted  from  private 
May  31st. 

Nativities  of  Field  and  Staff  were  as  follows:  Rhode  Island 
11  ;  Indiana,  1  ;  Massachusetts,  1 ;  not  returned,  5.  Taken  pris 
oners,  2. 

NON    COMMISSIONED  STAFF. 

Sergeant  Major,  JOHN  P.  SHAW  ;  resigned  and  appointed 
Lieutenant  in  2d  Regiment  R.  I.  V.,  June  6th,  1861. 

Sergeant  Major,  JOHN  S.  ENGS,  promoted  from  private, 
June  8th. 

*  When  Colonel  Burnside  was  appointed  to  the  command  of  his  Brigade,  Ad 
jutant  Merriman  was  appointed  Acting  Assistant  Adjutant  General  and  Chief  of 
the  Staff,  and  admirably  performed  his  duties  in  every  position.  His  office  in 
the  Regiment  itself  -was  most  laborious  and  responsible,  and  was  filled  in  the 
most  acceptable  manner.  He  received  the  highest  commendation  at  the  Head 
Quarters  of  the  Army,  for  the  accuracy  of  his  returns,  and  the  general  fidelity 
Of  his  work, 


172  APPENDIX    D. 

Quartermaster's  Sergeant,  HENRY  A.  BARTLETT,  relieved 
May  2d.  Appointed  Lieutenant  U.  S.  Marine  Corps. 

Quartermaster's  Sergeant,  ELIAS  M.  JENCKES. 

Commissary  Sergeant,  WILLIAM  L.  HUNTER. 

Ordnance  Sergeant,  JAMES  W.  LYON.  Lieutenant  in  4th 
Regiment,  R.  I.  V. 

Drum  Major,  BENJAMIN  G.  WEST.  Bugler  in  3d  Regiment 
R.  I.  II.  A. 

Hospital  Steward,  JAMES  II.  TAYLOR. 

Nativities :  Rhode  Island,  8. 

THE  REGIMENTAL  BAND. 

The  American  Brass  Band,  of  Providence,  patriotically  vol 
unteered,  immediately  upon  the  outbreak  of  hostilities,  to  ac 
company  the  regiment.  It  is  unnecessary  to  comment  upon 
the  invaluable  services  which  its  members  rendered  in  the 
camp,  on  the  march,  and  upon  the  battle-field  in  the  care  of 
the  wounded  and  dying.  Always  prompt,  ready  and  generous, 
the  Band,  under  the  inimitable  direction  of  its  veteran  leader, 
added  to  its  already  high  reputation,  and  won  the  highest  enco 
miums  of  all  listeners  to  its  music. 

Joseph  C.  Greene,  Band  Master.    Band  Master  4th  Reg,  R.  I.  V. 
Henry  L.  Dana.     In  band  at  Naval  School,  Newport. 
Alfred  E.  Dickerson. 
William  L.  Dunbar. 

Thomas  P.  Fenner.     In  band  at  Naval  School,  Newport. 
John  C.  Harrington. 

Willard  Haskell.     In  band  at  Naval   School,  Newport. 
Augustus  Heise. 
William  W.  Hall, 

Walter  B.  Kingslcy.     In  band  at  Naval  School,  Newport. 
George  E.  Mason. 

William  F.  Marshall.  Band  Master  in  3d  Regiment  R,  I.  H. 
A-;  resigned  May,  1862,  and  appointed  Director  of 
Baud  at  Naval  School,  Newport,  June,  1862. 


ROLL   OF  THE   REGIMENT.  173 

Emery  Paine. 
Abijah  M.  Pond. 
Edward  L.  Potter. 
Carroll  J.  Pullen. 
William  Lee  Reynolds. 
Beriah  G.  Reynolds. 
Samuel  D.  Spink, 
Stephen  R.  Sweet. 
Sylvester  J.  Sweet. 
William  E.  Whiting. 
Stephen  G.  Whittemore. 

The  nativities  of  the  Band  were  as  follows :  Rhode  Island, 
15  ;  Massachusetts,  3  ;  Maine,  1  ;  Connecticut,  1  ;  New  York, 
1  ;  England,  1  ;  Germany,  1  ;  not  returned,  1.  Total,  24. 

The  Band  has  furnished  2  Band  Masters,  and  4  members  of 
Band,  U.  S.  N. 


BATTERY  OF  LIGHT  ARTILLERY.* 

Charles  H.  Tompkins,  Captain.  Appointed  Colonel  1st  Regi 
ment  R.  I.  L.  A.,  September  13th,  1861. 

William  II.  Reynolds,  1st  Lieutenant.  Resigned,  June  1st  • 
appointed  Captain  in  2d  Battery  R.  I.  L.  A. ;  pro 
moted,  September  13th,  1861,  to  Lieut.  Colonel,  1st 
Regiment  R.  I.  L.  A. ;  appointed  Government  Agent 
at  Port  Royal,  S.  C.;  resigned,  June  26th,  1862. 

Benjamin  F.  Remington,  Jr.,  2d  Lieutenant.  Promoted  to  1st 
Lieutenant  June  1st. 

Augustus  M.  Tower,  3d  Lieutenant.  Promoted  to  2d  Lieuten 
ant,  June  1st. 


*  This  was  the  first  battery  of  rifled  cannon  in  the  service  of  the  United 
States,  either  volunteer  or  regular. 

15* 


174  APPENDIX  D. 

Henry  B.  Brastow,  4th  Lieutenant.  Promoted  to  3d  Lieuten 
ant,  June  1st.  Assistant  Government  Agent  at  Port 
Royal ;  resigned  June,  1862. 

Charles  II.  Pope,  4th  Lieutenant,  Appointed  from  1st  Ser 
geant,  June  1st.  Lieutenant  1st  Regiment  R.  I.  L.  A. 

Walter  O.  Bartlett,  Staff  Sergeant.  Captain  in  1st  Regiment 
R.  I.  L,  A. 

Thomas  F.  Vaughan,  First  Sergeant.  Appointed  Lieutenant 
in  2d  Battery  R.  L  L.  A.  June  7th,  1861  ;  promo 
ted  to  Captain  August  21st,  1861  ;  resigned  Decem 
ber  11,  1861  ;  appointed  Captain  of  an  Illinois  bat 
tery,  June,  1862. 

George  C.  Harkness,  Second  Sergeant.  Lieutenant  in  1st 
Regiment  R.  I.  L.  A. 

William  W.  Pearce,  Third  Sergeant. 

Edwin  C.  Gallup,  Fourth  Sergeant.  Captain  in  volunteer 
battery,  for  three  months'  service,  May  26th,  1862. 

Henrie  Crandall,  Fifth  Sergeant. 

George  C.  DeMarini,  Sixth  Sergeant. 

Stephen  W.  Fibk,  First  Corporal.  Lieutenant  1st  Regiment 
R.  L  L.  A, 

Frank  G.  Allen,  Second  Corporal. 

James  S.  Davis,  Jr.,  Third  Corporal.  Sergeant  in  volunteer 
battery  for  three  months,  May  26th,  18G2. 

J.  Henry  Wilbur,  Jr.,  Fourth  Corporal. 

Thomas  Simpson,  Fifth  Corporal.      Lieut,  IstReg't  R.  I.  L.  A. 

E.  P.  Butts,  Jr.,  Sixth  Corporal. 

Walter  II.  Wild,  Seventh  Corporal.  Bugler  3d  Regiment 
R.  I.  II.  A.  , 

Richmond  Hcnshaw,  Eighth  Corporal.  Lieutenant  in  a  New 
York  artillery  regiment. 

William  W.  Pearce,  Ninth  Corporal. 

Henry  W.  Brown,  Tenth  Corporal.  Sergeant  in  volunteer 
Battery  for  three  months'  service,  May  26th,  1861. 


ROLL  OF    THE   REGIMENT.  175 

Calvin  J.  Adams  Eleventh  Corporal.     Sergeant  in  volunteer 
battery  for  three  months,  May  26th,  1862. 

B.  F.  Worsley,  Twelfth  Corporal. 
Gilbert  B.  Dana,  First  Bugler. 
George  W.  Fuller,  Second  Bugler. 
Wi)liam  Elsbree,  First  Artificer, 
William  Bachelder,  Second  Artificer. 

Benjamin  N.  Whipple,  Third  Artificer.     Artificer  1st  Regi 
ment  R.  I.  L.  A. 
James  B  Peck,  Fourth  Artificer. 
H.  R.  Gladding,  Fifth  Artificer.     Lieut.  1st  Reg't  R.  I.  L.  A. 

C.  H.  Scrutton,  Sixth  Artificer. 
Joseph  Watson,  First  Guidon. 

Charles  II.  Adams.     Sergeant  1st  Regiment  R.  I.  L.  A. 

George  W.  Adams.     Lieut,  in  1st  Regiment  R.  I.  L.  A, 

Albert  F.  Allen. 

James  Allen.     Aeronaut,  with  Professor  Lowe. 

Edwin  E.  Anthony. 

William  R.  Arnold.. 

Walter  Arnold.     Private  in  1st  Regiment  R.  I.  L.  A. 

William  Brophey.     Sergeant  in  3d  Regiment  R.  I.  II.  A. 

Edward  F.  Bacon. 

J.  Man  ton  Bradley, 

D.  S.  Barney. 

Allen  A.  Blackington. 

George  W.  Blair.    Sergeant  in  1st  Regiment  R.  L  L.  A. 

J.  C.  Bogues. 

Joseph  T.  Bosworth.     Private  in  1st  Regiment  R.  I.  L.  A. 

Edwin  F.  Brown. 

William  Beiswanger, 

Otis  P.  Bucklin. 

Edward  F,  Budlong.     Private  in  1st  Regiment  R.  I.  L.  A. 

Horace  S.  Bloodgood.     Lieut,  in  1st  Regiment  R.  I.  L.  A, 

George  W.  Cowden.  , 

Thomas  Con  way. 


176  APPENDIX  D. 

James  Comins.     Private  in  1st  Regiment  R.  I.'C. 

Richard  Cronan, 

Constantino  Cokeley. 

Matthew  Conley. 

Albert  Daggett. 

Reuben  D.  Dodge.     Sergeant  in  1st  Regiment  R.  I.  L  A. 

Daniel  C.  Dore.     Private  in  1st  Regiment  R.  I.  L.  A. 

William  S.  Dyer.     Quartermaster's  Sergeant  in  1st  Regiment; 

R.  I.  L.  A. 

Daniel  Earle.     Sergeant  in  a  New  York  Artillery  Regiment. 
Charles  C.  Eldrklge      Sergeant  in  1st  Regiment  R.  I.  L.  A. 
Charles  R.  Farnum. 
George  E.  Fiske. 

Jeremiah  Fitzgerald.     Sergeant  in  1st  Regiment  R.  I.  C. 
Joseph  G.  Fowler. 
Benjamin  W.  Fpster. 

F.  J,  Garbanati.     Lieut,  in  a  New  York  Artillery  regiment. 
Thomas  G.  Glover. 

Edward  Goddard.     Sergeant  in  1st  Reg't  R.  I.  L.  A.;  deserted. 
George  C,  Greene. 
Smith  Greene,  discharged  July  8th.      Private  in  1st  Regiment 

11.  I.  L.  A.;  discharged  May,  1862. 

Charles  E.  Guild.     Sergeant  in  1st  Regiment  R.  I.  L.  A. 
II.  A.  Guild.     Corporal  in  volunteer  battery  for  three  months, 

May  26th,  1862. 
Charles  C.  Gray. 

John  Gcloghly.     Private  in  1st  Regiment  R.  I.  L,  A. 
James  M.  Grosvcnor. 
"William  Hennessy. 
Jabob  llaggadorn.     Lieutenant  in  7th  Regiment  R.  I.  V.,  July 

1862, 

George   Hammond.      Sergeant  in  1st  Regiment  R.  I.   L.  A. 
George  \V.  Ilelwig.     Sergeant  in  a  New  York  Artillery  Reg't. 
John  F.  Ilorton. 
Christian  llock. 


ROLL    OF    THE   REGIMENT.  177 

John  Irwin. 

Henry  P.  Jordon. 

Michael  Kenney.     Private  in  1st  Regiment  R.  I.  L.  A. 

Patrick  Kenney. 

Charles  Kimball.     Artificer  in  1st  Regiment  R.  I.  L.  A. 

Thtfmas  B.  Kimball. 

Charles  II.  Kennison.     Sergeant  1st  Regiment  R.  I.  L.  A. 

B  D.  G.  Levalley. 

Stephen  D.  Lockwood.     Discharged  in  May,  1861.    Private  In 

2d  Regiment  R,  I.  V. 
Richard  Loughman. 

B.  F.  Martindale.      Corporal  in  1st  Regiment  R.  I.  L.  A.: 

killed  at  Newbern,  May  2d,  1862. 

E.  H.  Matteson.     Sergeant  in  1st  Regiment  R.  I.  L.  A. 
James  T.  Manran.     Private  1st  Regiment  R.  I.  L,  A. 
S.  M.  Maybury. 

C.  H,  V.  Mayo.     Private  1st  Regiment  R.  I.  L.  A. 
Patrick  McElroy. 

Rufus  Miller,     Private  3d  Regiment  R.  I.  H.  A. 

William  Millen.     Sergeant  1st  Regiment  R.  I.  L.  A. 

John  McLoughlin.     Hostler  with  the  Burnside  expedition. 

Jeremiah  Murphy. 

Thomas  E.  Ebonan.     Private  in  1  Oth  Regiment  R.  I.  V.,  (three 

months). 
Ellery  B.   Northup.     Farrier  in  volunteer  battery  for  three 

months,  May  26th,  1862. 
William  A.  Nye. 

Manuel  Otis.     Private  1st  Regiment  R.  I.  L.  A. 
George  W.  Paton. 

Raymond  H.  Perry.      Lieutenant  in  1st  Regiment  R.  I.  L.  A. 
Thomas  R.  Phinney. 

J.  W.  Razee.     Private  in  1st  Regiment  R,  I.  L.  A. 
John   B.   Remlinger.     Corporal  in  volunteer  battery,    (three 

months),  May  26th,  1862. 
Reuben  H.  Rich.      Sergeant  in  1st  Regiment  R.  I.  L.  A. 


178  APPENDIX  D. 

D.  G.  Ross.     Private  in  3d  Regiment  R.  I.  H.  A. 

Philander  Bobbins.     Private  in  7th  Regiment  R.  I.  V. 

Hugh  Rider.     Private  1st  Regiment  R-  I.  L.  A. 

George  O.  Scott. 

George  F.  Seaver.     Lieutenant  in  3d  Regiment  R.I.  H.  A. 

Lothrop  B.  Shurtleff.     Sergeant  in  1st  Regiment  R.  I.  C. 

George  H.  Smith.     Corporal  in  1st  Regiment  R.  I.  L.  A. 

Byron  D.  Snow.     Private  1st  Regiment  R.  I.  L.  A. 

James    Sweeney. 

William  K.  Sweet.     Private  in  1st  Regiment  R.  I.  L.  A. 

J.  W.  Stone.     Private  in  7th  Regiment  R.  I.  V. 

Henry  Smith. 

Ernest  Staples.  Lieutenant  in  a  New  York  artillery  regi 
ment. 

Charles  G.  Taft.     Sergeant  1st  Regiment  R.  I.  L.  A. 

William  Thornley,     Artificer  1st  Regiment  R.  I.  L.  A. 

Ziba  C.  Thayer.     Hostler  in  1st  Regiment  R.  I.  L.  A. 

Olney  Trainer.     Private  1st  Regiment  R.  I.  L.  A. 

Joseph  E.  Tulley. 

William  L.  Tyrrell.  Corporal  in  volunteer  battery  for  three 
months,  May  2 G,  1862. 

James  D.  Van  Amringer. 

William  II.  Walcott.  Discharged  June  7th,  and  appointed 
Lieutenant  in  2d  Battery  R.  I.  L.  A.  Resigned, 
and  appointed  Lieutenant  in  1 7th  Infantry,  U.  S.  A., 
commission  dating  May  14,1801. 

Richard  Waterman.      Lieutenant  in  1st  Regiment  R.  I.  L.  A. 

John  Wareham,     Corporal  in  1st  Regiment  R.  I.  L.  A. 

George  B.  Warfield.     Private  in  1st  Regiment  R.  I.  C. 

Charles  II.  Wilcox.     Sergeant  in  1st  Regiment  R.  I  L.  A. 

John  G.  Williams.     Wagoner  1st  Regiment  R.  I.  L.  A. 

James  E.  Wood.     Private  in  1st  Regiment  R.  I.  C. 

Frederic  Woodward.     Sergeant  in  1st  Regiment  R.  I,  C. 
The  nativities   of  this   company  were  as   follows:    Rhode 

Island,  55  ;  Massachusetts,  30  ;  New  York,  9  ;  Connecticut  4  ; 


ROLL    OF  THE    REGIMENT.  179 

Maine,  4  ;  Pennsylvania,  3  ;  New  Hampshire,  2  ;  Maryland,  1  ; 
Virginia,  1 ;  Ireland,  14  ;  Germany,  6  ;  England,  3  ;  France,  1  ; 
Cuba,  1 ;  not  returned,  12.  Total  officers  and  men,  146.  Av 
erage  age  26  years.  Oldest  man,  52  ;  youngest,  18,  Average 
height,  5  feet,  7  3-8  inches. 

This  company  has  furnished  for  the  war,  1  Colonel,  1  Lieut. 
Colonel,*  2  Captains,  13  Lieutenants,  20  Sergeants,!  3  Artifi 
cers,  3  corporals,  1  Assistant  Government  Agent,*  1  Bugler, 
23  Privat33,f  1  Wagoner,  and  2  Hostlers;  to  the  United 
States  army,  1  Lieutenant,  and  to  the  volunteer  service  for 
three  months,  1  Captain,  3  Sergeants,  4  Corporals,  1  Private, 
and  1  Farrier.  JAMES  ALLEN  was  joined  to  this  company  as 
an  Aeronaut ;  is  now  employed  in  the  same  capacity  with  Pro 
fessor  Lowe,  and  is  connected  with  Gin.  MjClellan's  army. 

COMPANYA. 

Arthur  F.  Djsxter,  Captain.  Appointed  Captain  on  Staff  of 
Brig.  Gen.  Tyler,  April,  1862;  afterwards  resigned. 

Addison  H.  White,  1st  Lieutenant. 

Frank  G.  Low,  2d  Lieutenant.  Captain  in  10th  Regiment  R. 
I.  V.,  three  months. 

Charles  W.  Topliff,  Ensign. 

Thomas  B.  Briggs,  First  Sergeant.  Captain  in  3d  Regiment 
R.  I.  H,  A. 

James  H.  Peckham,  Second  Sergeant.  Died  July  24,  1861,  of 
disease  of  the  heart. 

Joseph  T.  P.  Bucklin,  Third  Sergeant.  Captain  in  4th  Regi 
ment  R.  I.  V. 

Manson  H.  Najac,  Fourth  Sergeant.  Sergeant  9th  Regiment, 
three  months. 

Edwin  L.  Cook,  First  Corporal. 

*  Resigned,     t  1  Sergeant,  1  Private,  discharged.    1  Sergeant  deserted. 


180  APPENDIX  D. 

Sylvester  Marvel,  Second  Corporal.  Sergeant  in  3d  Regi 
ment  R.  I.  H.  A. 

Chester  L.  Turner,  Third  Corporal. 

William  H.  French,  Fourth  Corporal.  Clerk  with  Major  Gen 
eral  Burnside. 

Michael  Gallagher,  Musician.     Private  in  1st  Regiment  R.  L  C. 

Benjamin  L.  Hall,  Musician.  Appointed  Sergeant  November, 
1861,  and  promoted  to  Lieutenant  5th  Regiment  R. 
I.  V.,  May,  18G2. 

Thomas  J.  Abbott,  Jr. 

William  C.  Almy. 

Lyman  Arnold.     Lieutenant  in  a  regiment  of  Conn,  volunteers. 

William  B.  Avery.  Lieutenant  in  Naval  Brigade,  General 
Burnside's  Expedition. 

William  F.  Baldwin. 

Daniel  Barney. 

Otis  A.  Baker.  Wounded  in  the  battle  of  Bull  Run,  July 
21,  1861.  Lieutenant  in  4th  Regiment  R.  I.  V. 

Charles  E.  Beers.     Commissary  Sergeant  in  5th  Reg't  R.  I.  V. 

John  G.  Beveridge.     Lieutenant  in  2d  Regiment  R.  L  V. 

James  E.  Blackmer.  Sergeant  in  9th  Regiment  R.  I.  V.,  three 
months. 

Jabez  B.  Blanding.     Lieutenant  in  3d  Regiment  R.  I.  H.  A. 

George  F.  Boyden. 

Amos  M.  Bovven.  Taken  prisoner  at  Bull  Run,  July  21st  ; 
released  May,  1862, 

Lucius  W.  Bonney.     In  U.  S.  Navy. 

Joseph  R.  Bullock. 

Whipple  B.  Bradley. 

Edwin  Burgess. 

James  E.  Burke, 

Charles  W.  Brown, 

John  B.  Campbell.  Sergeant  of  Carbineers,  June  27.  Lieut, 
in  26th  Regiment  Massachusetts  Volunteers.  Res'd. 

John  K.  Chace,  Jr. 


ROLL   OF   THE   REGIMENT.  181 

Ezra  C.  Colvin.     In  U.  S,  Navy. 
Patrick  Crawley.    In  U.  S.  Navy. 
George  Curtis.     Lieutenant  in  4th  Regiment  R.  I.  T. 
George  W.  Gushing,  Jr.,  Clerk  in  Treasury  Department,  Wash 
ington. 

George  K.  Davis. 
James  F.  Davison.     Private  in  9th  Regiment  R.  I.  V.,  three 

months. 

William  P.  Dean.     Scout  with  Gen.  Burnside's  expedition. 
Charles  E.  Douglass.     Sergeant  in  5th  Regiment  R.  I.  V. 
James  H.  Earle. 

John  J.  Field.     Sergeant  in  8d  Regiment  R.  I.  H.  A. 
William  Galliger.     Broke  his  leg  on  march  from  Annapolis. 
William  H.  Gardiner.     Sergeant  in  1st  Regiment  R.  I.  C. 
Thomas  J.  A.  Gross. 
William  F.  Green. 
Henry  F.  Green. 
Albert  Griggs. 

Thomas  J.  Griffin.     Detailed  for  Hospital  service.     Hospital 
Steward  in  4th  Regiment  R.  I.  V. 

Charles  C.  Harris.     Sergeant  Major  in  1st  Regiment  R.  I.  C. 

Daniel  Harris.     Discharged  May,  1861. 

Warren  D.   Hawkins.     Killed  in    the    battle  of  Bull  Run, 
July  21st. 

James  H.  Irving. 

Henry  M.  James. 

William  H.  Jay.     Corporal  in  3d  Regiment  R.  I.  H.  A. 

William  C.  Johnson. 

Cornelius  Keif. 

Samuel  R.  Keenan.     Discharged  May  31st.     Sergeant  in  a 
Massachusetts  'Regiment. 

Winslow  B.  Kent.     Mustered  June  20th. 

James  Lake.    Mustered  June  3d.    Master's  Mate  U.  S.  N. 

Charles  S.  Langley. 
16 


182  APPENDIX   D. 

Herbert  A.  Lewis.  Sergeant  in  3d  Regiment  R.  I-  H.  A. 
Wounded  in  battle  of  Bull  Run,  July  21st,  1861. 

Cyrus  W.  Lindsey.  Wounded  in  battle  of  Bull  Run,  July 
21st,  1861. 

Frank  A.  Lucas. 

Henry  H.  Luther.     Killed  in  the  battle  of  Bull  Run,  July  21st. 

Edward  E.  Mason. 

Samuel  P.  Mason.      Comm.  Sergeant  in  1st  Regiment  R.  I.  C. 

James  A,  Manchester.  Sergeant  in  9th  Regiment  (three 
months  ) 

Thomas  Manchester.  Quartermaster's  Sergeant  in  1st  Reg 
iment  R.  I.  C. 

William  Me  Call. 

Edwin  Maguire. 

Sylvanus  Martin,  Discharged  July  3d.  Private  in  9th  Regi 
ment  R.  I.  V.,  three  months. 

John  F,  Morris.     Corporal  in  4th  Regiment  R.  I.  V. 

Charles  E.  Murray. 

Frederic  N.  Padelford. 

Christopher  Pearce. 

Duncan  A.  Pell.  Captain,  Aide  de  Camp  to  Major  General 
Burnside, 

Henry  W.  Phillips. 

Harrison  W.  Potter.  Private  9th  Reg't  R.  I.  V.,  three  months. 

John  Randolph. 

George  C.  Rhodes. 

Samuel  E.  G.  Richards.     Sergeant  in  5th  Regiment  R.  I.  V. 

Joseph  B.  Ripley. 

Josiah  W.  Robinson,  Jr.,  Sergeant  in  Regiment  R.  I.  H.  A. 

Nathan  A.  Smith. 

James  A.  Smith.     Sergeant  in  1st  Regiment  R.  I.  C. 

Charles  W.  Snow. 

John  E.  Snow.     Captain  in  5th  Regiment  R.  I.  V. 

Samuel  Spink. 

James  F.  Sweet. 

Edward  D.  Sweetland. 


ROLL  OF  THE  REGIMENT.  183 

William  E.  Taber,  Jr.     Captain  10th  Regiment  R.  I.  V.,  three 

months. 

Benjamin  Tallman.     Private  in  1st  Regiment  R.  I.  C. 
Randall  H.  Tallman.     Scout  in  General  Burnside's  expedition. 
John  W.  Tate. 

Alexander  T.  Taylor.     Private  in  2d  Regiment  R.  I.  V. 
George  O.  Taylor. 
William  A.  J.  Thayer. 

Josiah  Thornton.     Private  in  3d  Regiment  R.  I.  H.  A. 
Solomon  Thornton. 

Albert  G.  Tillinghast.     Sergeant  in  4th  Regiment  R.  I.  V. 
Henry  L.  Tillinghast.     Died  February  25th,  18G2. 
Franklin  P.  Tompkins.     Sergeant  4th  Regiment  R.  I.  V. 
Pardon  Vaughan. 

Albert  Weaver.     Corporal  in  3d  Regiment  R.  I.  H.  A. 
Andrew  J.  White.     Wounded  and  taken  prisoner  at  Bull  RUH, 

July  21st,  1861 .     Died  at  Richmond,  August  4th. 
William  Wilson.     Wagoner  in  4th  Regiment  R.  I.  V. 
Nathan  Winslow. 

The  nativities  of  this  company  were  as  follows:  Rhode 
Island,  62  ;  Massachusetts,  17  ;  Connecticut,  3  ;  Maine,  2  ;  Ire 
land,  2  ;  New  York,  1  ;  New  Jersey,  1  ;  New  Hampshire,  1 ; 
Illinois,  1 ;  Scotland,  1  ;  not  returned,  18. 

Total,  officers  and  men,  109. 

Killed,  2  ;  wounded,  taken  prisoner,  and  since  died,  4 ;  died 
in  service,  1 ;  taken  prisoner,  1. 

Average  age,  25  years.     Oldest  man,  41  ;  youngest,  18. 

Average  height,  5  feet,  7  1-2  inches. 

This  company  has  furnished  for  the  war,  2  Captains,  A.  D. 
C. ;  3  Captains  in  the  line  ;  9  Lieutenants ;  1  Sergeant  Ma 
jor ;  14  Sergeants;  3  Corporals;  1  Hospital  Steward;  1  Clerk 
to  MajorGeneral ;  2  Scouts  ;  1  Wagoner  ;  4  Privates ;  1  Lieu 
tenant  Naval  Brigade  ;  1  Master's  Mate,  U.  S.  N. ;  3  Sailors 
U.  S.  N.  And  for  three  months'  service,  2  Captains,  3  Ser 
geants  ;  and  3  Privates. 


184  APPENDIX    D. 

COMPANY    B. 

Nicholas  Van  Slyck,  Captain.     Appointed  Lieutenant  Colonel 
9t  Regiment  R,  I.  V.,  three  months,  May  26th  1862. 
Afterwards  resigned. 

Nelson  Viall,  First  Lieutenant.  Resigned,  June  4th,  and  ap 
pointed  Captain  in  2d  Regiment  R.  I-  V.  Promoted 
to  Major  after  the  battle  of  Bull  Run.  Promoted  to 
Lieutenant  Colonel,  June  25th,  1862. 

James  E.  Bailey,  Second  Lieutenant,  Promoted  to  1st  Lieut. 
June  4th.  Captain  in  3d  Regiment  R.  I.  H.  A. 

James  R.  Holden,  Second  Lieutenant.  Promoted  from  1st 
Sergeant  June  4th..  Captain  9th  Regiment  R.  I.  V., 
three  months. 

James  E.  Hidden,  Ensign.     Resigned  June  94h. 

John  D.  Eldridge,  First  Sergeant.  Promoted  from  3d  Corpo 
ral,  June  4th.  Captain  3d  Reg't  R.  I.  H.  A.  Res'd. 

Silas  A.  Winchester,  Second  Sergeant.     Resigned,  June  30th. 

Jason  A.  Blackmar,  Second  Sergeant.  Promoted  from  3d  Ser 
geant,  June  30th. 

Thomas  Connor,  Third  Sergeant.  Promoted  from  2d  Corporal, 
June  30th. 

Augustus  S.  Randall,  Fourth  Sergeant.     Discharged  July  8th. 

Benjamin  R.  Gurney,  First  Corporal. 

Henry  F.  Streeter,  Second  Corporal.  Promoted  from  Private 
June  30th. 

James  A.  Seaver,  Third  Corporal.  Discharged  May  31st. 
Sergeant  3d  Regiment  R.  I.  H.  A. 

George  H.  Abbott,  Third  Corporal.  Promoted  from  Private 
June  4th.  Sergeant  in  9th  Regiment  R.  I.  V.,  (three 
months.) 

George  S.  Banford,  4th  Corporal.     Discharged  May  31st. 
Jamer*  E.  O'Brien,  Musician.     Discharged  May  8th.     Private 
in  3d  Regiment  R.  I,  II.  A. 


ROLL   OF   THE   REGIMENT.  185 

James  Marshall,  Musician. 

Albert  H.  Abbott. 

Henry  F.  Abbott. 

Wyllys  A.  Abbott. 

William  E.  Adams.     Sergeant  in  5th  Regiment  R.  I.  V. 

Alanson  A.  Aldrich. 

Thomas  M.  Aldrich. 

George  H.  Allen.  Sergeant  in  9th  Regiment  R.  I.  V.,  (three 
months.) 

Henry  A.  Arnold. 

Ambrose  L.  Atwood.  Sergeant  in  9th  Regiment  R.  I.  V.,  three 
months. 

Edwin  H.  Baker,  Sergeant  in  3d  Regiment  R.  I.  H.  A. 

Daniel  W.  Barnes.  Wounded  and  taken  prisoner  at  battle  Bull 
Run,  July  21st,  1861.  Released,  May,  1862. 

William  H.  Blaisdell.     Discharged  May  31st. 

Thomas  Bolton.     Died  July  18th,  1861. 

John  Brown.  Discharged  June  14th.  Sergeant  in  39th  Regi 
ment  New  York  volunteers. 

Peleg  E.  Bryant.  Appointed  Sergeant  in  Carbineers,  June 
27th. 

Samuel  W.  Burbanks.  Wounded  in  the  battle  of  Bull  Run. 
Sergeant  in  5th  Regiment  R.  I.  V. 

George  H.  Burnham,  Lieutenant  in  9th  Regiment  R.  I.  V.,, 
three  months. 

William  H.  Burt.  ^ 

Jasper  Caler. 

James  H.  Clarke.     Sergeant  3d  Regiment  R.  I.  H.  A. 

John  A.  Clarke.  Wounded  and  taken  prisoner  at  the  battle* 
of  Bull  Run,  July  21str  1861.  Appointed  2d  Lieu 
tenant,  2d  Infantry,  U.  S.  A.,  August  5th,  1861.  Pro 
moted  to  1st  Lieutenant,  November  12th.  Still  a, 
prisoner. 

Henry  C.  Clarke. 

16* 


186  APPENDIX  D. 

Willard  Cbaffee.  Private  in  3d  Regiment  R.  I.  H.  A.  Killed 
in  the  battle  of  James  Island,  June  16th,  18G2. 

Patrick  Coleman.     Sergeant  in  3d  Regiment  R.  I.  H.  A. 

Thomas  Cotton.     Sergeant  in  3d  Regiment  R.  I.  H.  A. 

George  H.  Cooke,     Private  in  3d  Regiment  R.  I.  H.  A. 

William  H.  H,  Cowden.     Private  in  3d  Regiment  R.  I.  H.  A. 

Samuel  B.  T.  Crandall.  Corporal  in  9th  Regiment  R.  I.  V. 
(3  months.) 

George  W.  Davis. 

William  J.  Davis. 

George  Dawley.  Wounded  in  the  battle  of  Bull  Run,  July 
21st.  Sergeant  in  3d  Regiment  R.  I.  II.  A. 

Charles  A.  Dexter.  Private  in  3d  Regiment  R.  I II.  A.  De 
serted. 

Cicero  M.  Dow.     Private  in  4th  Regiment  R.  I.  V. 

Joseph  Dudley 

Alpheus  Eddy.     Scout  with  Gen.  Burnside. 

Robert  Elliott.  Wounded  in  the  battle  of  Bull  Run,  July  21st. 
Sergeant  in  3d  Regiment  R.  I.  II.  A. 

Albert  G.  Evans.    Lieutenant  in  3d  Regiment  R.  I.  H.  A. 

Francis  Evelyth.  Wounded  in  the  battle  of  Bull  Run,  July 
21st.  Private  in  1st  Regiment  R.  I.  C. 

George  W.  Field. 

Charles  W.  Gardiner. 

Jeremiah  E.  Gladden.     Private  in  1st  Regiment  R.  I.  L.  A, 

James  Gregg.     Sergeant  in  5th  Regiment  R.  L  V. 

Franklin  Gonsolve.     Private  in  7th  Regiment  R.  I.  V. 

William  Hardman,  Jr. 

Oliver  Harrah. 

Benjamin  F.  Hawkes.     Discharged  July  8th. 

Amos  M.  Haskins.  Wounded  and  taken  prisoner  at  the  battle 
of  Bull  Run,  July  21st  Released  May,  1861. 

John  C.  Herbert.     Sergeant  in  4th  Regiment  11.  I.  V. 

Horace  B.  Ililman.     Detailed  to  War  Department,  May  2d. 

Abraham  H.  Howarth. 


ROLL  OF  THE  REGIMENT.  187 

Samuel  Hyndman.  Discharged  July  3d,  Private  in  3d  Regi 
ment  R.  I.  H.  A. 

Robert  M.  Irving.  Wounded  in  the  battle  of  Bull  Run,  July 
21st,  1861. 

James  M.  Jaques.     Sergeant  in  3d  Regiment  R.  I.  H.  A. 

William  H.  Johnson. 

Edward  D.  Kellogg.  Discharged  July  8th,  1861.  Private  in 
2d  Regiment  R.  I.  V. 

Martin  F.  Kimball.     Private  in  3d  Regiment  R.  I.  H.  A. 

Thomas  Lanphear.     Private  in  1st  Regiment  R.  I.  L.  A, 

Charles  F.  Lord.     Private  in  4th  Regiment  R.  I.  V. 

Alfred  Luther.     Private  in  1st  Regiment  R.  I.  L.  A. 

James  Lynch.  Wounded  in  the  battle  of  Bull  Run,  July  21st, 
1861.  Sergeant  in  3d  Regiment  R.  I.  H.  A. 

Edward  K,  Mann.     Private  in  1st  Regiment  R.  I.  L.  A. 

James  F.  Maniman. 

Edward  Marr. 

Edward  C.  Martin.     Sergeant  in  1st  Regiment  R.  I.  C. 

James  McCarty.     Seaman  in  U.  S.  Navy. 

James  McEntee.     Private  in  1st  Regiment  R.  I.  L.  A. 

Charles  McFarland.     Private  in  5th  Regiment  R.  I.  V. 

Benjamin  F.  Miller.    Wounded  in  the  battle  of  Bull  Run. 

Robert  J.  Mullen. 

Michael  Noon.    Private  in  10th  Regiment  R.  I.  V,  (3  months.) 

Elisha  Peckham. 

Alpheus  Perry.     Sergeant  in  3d  Regiment  R.  I.  A. 

Isaac  H.  Pinckney.     Discharged  May  31st. 

Harris  O.  Potter.    Private  in  1st  Regiment  R.  I.  C. 

Benjamin  Powley. 

Albert  C.  Randall. 

Jeremiah  Russell.  Wounded  in  the  battle  of  Bull  Run,  July 
21st,  1861. 

Daniel  Sayles. 

Charles  C.  Shattuck.     Sergeant  in  4th  Regiment  N.  H.  V. 

William  H.  Shephard. 


188  APPENDIX  D. 

Hanson  C.  Smith.     Sergeant  in  8th  Regiment  Maine  volunteers. 

Matthew  Smith.     Private  in  4th  Regiment  R.  I.  V. 

Stephen  F.  Smith. 

Albert  E.  Sholes.     Sergeant  in  4th  Regiment  R.  I.  V. 

Daniel  C.  Snow6 

Thomas  Swan,  Jr. 

Lewis  Warner.     Private  in  3d  Regiment  R.  I.  H.  A. 

William  Warner. 

Orrin  Wilson. 

George  A.  Wooley. 

James  H.  Zimmerman. 

The  nativities  of  this  company  were  as  follows : —  Rhode 
Island,  45;  Massachusetts,  10;  Maine,  5;  New  Hampshire,  5  ; 
Vermont,  3  ;  New  York,  6  ;  New  Jersey,  2  ;  Connecticut,  1  ; 
Michigan,  1 ;  Pennsylvania,  1  ;  England,  6  ;  Ireland,  6  ;  Scot 
land,  2;  Germany,  1  ;  Not  returned,  14.  Total,  108. 

Killed,  none  ;  wounded,  11,  of  whom  3  were  taken  prisoners ; 
died  in  service,  1. 

Average  age,  24  i  years ;  average  height,  5  feet  7h  inches. 

This  company  has  furnished  for  the  war,  1  Lieutenant  Colo 
nel  ;  2  Captains  ;*  1  Lieutenant;  19  Sergeants;  21  privates  and 
1  scout.  To  the  army  of  the  United  States,  1  Lieutenant  ; 
and  to  the  navy  of  the  United  States,  1  seaman.  For  three 
months'  service,  1  Lieutenant  Colonel ;  1  Captain ;  1  Lieuten 
ant  ;  3  Sergeants ;  1  Corporal,  and  1  private. 

COMPANY    C. 

William  W.  Brown,  Captain. 
Luther  C.  Warner,  First  Lieutenant. 
Zephaniah  Brown,  Second  Lieutenant. 

Albert  C.  Eddy,  Ensign.     Appointed  Adjutant  in  9th  Regiment 
R.  I.  V.  (3  mos.),May  26, 1862    Afterwards  resigned. 

*  1  Captain  resigned. 


KOLL  OF  THE  REGIMENT.  189 

Charles  H.  Dunham,  First  Sergeant.     Appointed  Captain  in 

9th  Regiment  R.  I.  V.  (3  months),  May  26th,  1862- 

Afterwards  resigned. 
John  W.  Gale,  Second  Sergeant. 
James  P.  Fisher,  Third  Sergeant. 
John  A.  Vaughan,  Fourth  Sergeant. 
George  E.  Allen,  First  Corporal. 
Henry  K.  Potter,  Second  Corporal. 
Stephen  A.  Barker,  Third  Corporal. 
Charles  C.  Ladd,  Fourth  Corporal. 
Charles  A.  Allen.     Sergeant  in   10th  Regiment  R.  I.  V.  (3 

months.) 

Christopher  H.  Alexander. 

Edward  F.  Angell.     Sergeant  in  5th  Regiment  R.  I.  V. 
William  S.  Angell. 

Job  Arnold.     Captain  in  5th  Regiment  R.  I.  V. 
William  R.  Arnold. 
Abraham  Baker. 
Byron  C.  Barrows. 
Leonard  S.  Beals. 

William  H.  Bean.     Sergeant  in  3d  Regiment  R.  I.  H.  A. 
Joseph  L.Bennett,  Jr.     Lieutenant  in  10th  Regiment  R.  I.  V. 

(3  months.) 
William  B.  Bennett. 
John  E.  Bradford.    Mustered  May  29th.     Lieutenant  in  10th 

Regiment  R.  I.  V.  (3  months.) 
J.  M.  Bradford.     Mustered  May  29th. 
John  M.  Brannan. 
Artemas  Brown. 
George  H.  Brown. 

Henry  A.  Brown.     Discharged  May  31st. 
Martin  P.  Buffum.     Captain  in  4th  Regiment  R.  I.  V. 
George  E.  Chase. 
James  E.  Chase. 
Edward  F.  Curtis.     Lieutenant  in  3d  Regiment  R.  I.  H.  A. 


190  APPENDIX  D. 

J.  Madison  Cutts,  Jr.     Discharged  June  23d.     Now  Captain 

in  11  tli  Regiment  Infantry,  U.  S.  A.     Aide-de-Camp 

to  Maj.  Gen.  Burnside. 

Leander  A.  Davis.     Sergeant  in  5th  Regiment  R.  I.  V. 
Henry  A.  DeWitt.     Promoted  to  Engineer,  May  31st. 
James  A.  DeWolf.     Assistant  Paymaster,  U.  S.  A. 
Winthrop  DeWolf.     Mustered  June  14th.     Lieutenant  in  10th 

Regiment  R.  I.  V.  (3  months.) 
Cornelius  Draper. 

George  L.  Draper.     Sergeant  in  1st  Massachusetts  Cavalry. 
Amasa  Eaton.     Mustered  June  8th. 
Joseph  A.  Fowler. 
Benjamin  F.  Goddard. 
Francis  W.   Goddard.     Promoted  to  Captain  of  Carbineers, 

June  27th. 

Robert  H.  I.  Goddard. 
George  O.  Gorton.     Promoted  to  Sergeant  of  Carbineers,  June 

27th.     Lieutenant  in  3d  Regiment  R.  I.  II.  A. 
William  A.  Grant. 
Aaron  S.  Greene. 

Arnold  Green.     Mustered  May  29th. 
Edward  W.  Greene. 
William  W.  B.  Greene.     Lieutenant  in  1st  Regiment  R.  I.  C. 

Resigned  May,  18G2. 
Caleb  B.   Harrington.     Mustered  May  29th.     Lieutenant  in 

10th  Regiment  R.  I.  V.  (3  months.) 
William  H.  Helme. 
Charles  H.  Hemmenway. 
William  W.  Hoppin,  Jr. 
William  C.  Rowland. 

Pardon  S.  Jastram.     Lieutenant  in  1st  Regiment  R.  I.  L.  A. 
Moses  B.  Jenkins. 
Orville  B.  Jones. 
William  D.  Jones. 
William  II.  Joyce. 


ROLL  OF  THE  REGIMENT.  191 

Benjamin  E.  Kelly,    Lieutenant  in  1st  Eegiment  E.  I.  L.  A. 

Oswald  Ludwig. 

Daniel  H.  Luther. 

William  T.  Luther. 

Charles  S.  Mathewson.     Sergeant  in  10th  Regiment  R.  I.  Y. 

(3  months.) 

Alexander  H.  Merritt. 
Frank  Molten.    Mustered  May  29th. 
Albert  W.  Moore. 

Henry  C.  Mowry.      Discharged  July  8th. 
James  T.  Murray. 
H.  Frank  Pay  ton. 

Henry  Pearce.     Lieutenant  in  Volunteer  Battery,  (3  months.) 
James  S.  Peckham. 
Charles  H.  Potter. 

Isaac  M.  Potter.     Lieutenant  in  3d  Regiment  R.  I.  H.  A. 
Daniel  S.  Remington.     Lieutenant  in  5th  Regiment  R.  I.  V. 
Orville  M.  Remington. 
Henry  Renches. 
Charles  W.  Rhodes,  Jr. 
Robert  Rhodes.     Lieutenant  in  U.  S,  Navy. 
Josiah  W.  Richardson.    Taken  prisoner  at  the  battle  of  Bull 

Run,  July  21st,  and  released  August  12th,  1861. 
Oscar  Richardson.     Mustered  May  29th. 
Lewis  Richmond.     Major, — Assistant    Adjutant    General    of 

Major  General  Burnside's  staff. 
Bridgham  C.  Root. 
Charles  M.  Smith. 
T.  Delap  Smith.    Mustered  May  29th.     Taken  prisoner  at  the 

battle  of  Bull  Run,  July  21st.     Since  released. 
William  S.  Smith.     Captain  in  10th  Regiment  R.  I.  V.  (3  mos.) 
Stephen  W.  Snow.     Taken  prisoner  at  the  battle  of  Bull  Run. 

Released  May,  1862. 
George  P.  Streeter.    Discharged  June  9th.     Sergeant  in  1st 

Regiment  R.  I.  C. 


192  APPENDIX  D. 

James  O.  Swan.     Private  in  10th  Regiment  R.  I.  V.  (3  mos.) 

John  H.  Sweet. 

Alexander  V.  G.  Taylor. 

John  G-  Thurber,  Jr. 

William  E.  Thurston. 

Clark  P.  Tillinghast. 

Abel  W.  Tripp.     Discharged  May  30th. 

Charles  D.  Vaughan. 

Abel  Waite.     Corporal  in  3d  Regiment  R.  I.  H.  A. 

John  P.  Walker. 

Charles  A.  Warren.     Sergeant  in  1st  Regiment  Massachusetts 

Volunteers. 
James  Warren,  Jr. 

Richard  Waterman.     Lieutenant  in  1st  Reg't  R.    I.  Cavalry. 
Henry  S.  Weaver. 
Theodore  W.  Webb. 
Job  H,  Wells. 
Edward  N.  Whittier.    Detailed  for  Hospital  duty,  June  23d. 

Lieutenant  in  1st  Maine  Artillery  Regiment. 
Horatio  G.  Whittier,  Jr.     Sergeant  in  a  Massachusetts  Regi 
ment. 

Charles  C.  Wightman. 
Edward  P.  Wiley. 
N.  Bangs  Williams- 
Luther  T.  Winslow. 

William  C.  Wood.     Captain  in  4th  Regiment  R.  I.  V. 
George  F.  Young.     Lieutenant  in  a  New  York  artillery  reg 
iment. 

The  nativities  of  this  company  were  as  follows :  Rhode  Is 
land,  77  ;  Massachusetts,  8  ;  New  York,  5  ;  Maine,  3  ;  Connect 
icut,  5  ;  New  Hampshire,  1  ;    District  of  Columbia,   1 ;    Eng 
land,  1  ;  Ireland,  1.    Not  returned,  12.     Total,  officers  and 
men,  114.     Killed,  none.     Taken  prisoners,  3. 
Average  age,  26.     Oldest  man,  58  ;  youngest,  19. 
Average  height,  5  feet,  6  3-4  inches. 


ROLL   OF  THE   REGIMENT.  193 

This  company  has  furnished  for  the  war,  1  Major  of  the 
Staff,  3  Captains  of  the  Line,  1 1  Lieutenants,*  7  Sergeants,  1 
Corporal ;  to  the  Army  of  the  United  States,  1  Captain,  and  1 
Assistant  Paymaster ;  to  the  Navy  of  the  United  States,  1  Lieu 
tenant  ;  and  to  the  service  for  three  months,  2  Captains,f  1  Ad 
jutant,!  5  Lieutenants,  2  Sergeants,  and  1  Private. 

COMPANY    D. 

Nathaniel  W.  Brown,  Captain.  Appointed  Colonel  of  3d  Regi 
ment  R.  I.  H,  A.,  September  18,1861.  Res'd  July,  '6  2. 

Sylvester  R.  Knight,  1st  Lieutenant.  Taken  prisoner  at  Cen- 
treville,  July  22d.  Released,  and  returned  to  Provi 
dence,  January  25th,  1862. 

Henry  A.  Prescott,  2d  Lieutenant.  Killed  at  the  battle  of 
Bull  Run,  while  bravely  leading  his  men. 

Charles  R.  Dennis,  Ensign. 

J.  Harry  Welch,  First  Sergeant. 

A.  Richmond  Rawson,  2d  Sergeant.  Lieutenant  in  3d  Regi 
ment  R.  I.  H.  A. 

John  M.  Barker,  Third  Sergeant.  Lieutenant  in  3d  Regiment 
R.  I.  H.  A. 

James  L.  Richardson,  Fourth  Sergeant.  Adjutant  of  3d  Regi 
ment  R,  I.  H.  A, 

William  E.  Cutting,  First  Corporal- 
George  H.  Wescott,  Second  Corporal.  Discharged  June  22d. 

Samuel  Foster,  2d.,  Third  Corporal.  Missing  at  the  battle  of 
Bull  Run,  and  not  heard  from. 

Franklin  E.  Chase,  Fourth  Corporal.  Adjutant  of  4th  Regiment 
R.  I.  V. 

Greis  Leopold,  Musician. 

Edward  Aborn.  Mustered  May  30th.  Private  in  10th  Regi 
ment  R.  I.  V.,  (three  months.) 


*  1  Lieutenant  resigned ;  f  1  Captain  and  1  Adjutant  resigned, 

17 


194  APPENDIX  D. 

Charles  T.  Almy, 

William  H.  Ambrose. 

Theodore  Andrews. 

John  Bice  Arnold.     Died  at  Providence,  July  30th. 

John  E.  Austin. 

Charles  E.  Bailey.     Mustered  May  30th. 

Frederic  S.  Batcheller. 

James  L.  Bennett. 

Joel  B.  Blaisdell. 

Charles  H.  Bliss. 

Charles  H.  Bogman.  Wounded  at  the  battle  of  Bull  Run, 
July  21st.  Sergeant  in  1st  Regiment  R,  I.  L.  A. 

Loammi  Boutwell. 

William  P.  Bradford. 

George  W.  Brockett.  Lieutenant  in  5th  Regiment  Connecti 
cut  Volunteers. 

Levi  B.  Brown.     Discharged  June  4th. 

Albert  W.  Bullock.  Wounded  at  the  battle  of  Bull  Run, 
July  21st,  1861. 

John  E.  Burroughs.     Sergeant  in  3d  Regiment  R.  I.  H.  A. 

William  H.  H.  Butts. 

George  Carpenter.  Wounded  at  the  battle  of  Bull  Run,  July 
21,  1861.  Quartermaster  of  3d  Regiment  R.  I.  H.  A 

John  F.  Caulkins. 

William  Chace. 

Lafayette  Chapman. 

George  A.  Church. 

David  B.  Churchill.     Lieutenant  in  3d  Regiment  R.  I.  H.  A. 

Samuel  G.  Col  well. 

Jesse  Comstock.  Wounded,  taken  prisoner  at  the  battle  of 
Bull  Run,  and  died  at  Sudley,  July  31st,  18G1. 

Thomas  Craig.     Private  in  volunteer  battery,  (three  months.) 

Horace  II.  Darling. 

Moses  O.  Darling.  Lieutenant  in  10th  Regiment  R.  I.  V.» 
(three  months.) 


ROLL    OF   THE   REGIMENT.  195 

William  B.  Deblois. 

Charles  B.  Delanah.     Sergeant  in  1st  Regiment  R.  I.  C. 

Richard  H.  Demming.  Appointed  Sergeant  Major  in  1st  Regi 
ment  R.  I.  L.  A.  Afterwards  resigned. 

William  B.  Dennis.  Appointed  Lieutenant  in  1st  Regiment  R. 
I.  Cavalry.  Afterwards  resigned, 

William  H.  DeWolf.    Master's  mate  U.  S.  N. 

John  Antoine  Duvillard.  Mustered  May  30th.  Lieutenant 
in  12 th  Regiment  of  Infantry,  U.  S.  A.,  Oct.  24, 1861. 

Christopher  J.  Dodge,  Jr.     Mustered  May  30th. 

Charles  H.  Fisher. 

George  W.  Flagg,  mortally  wounded,  taken  prisoner  at  the 
battle  of  Bull  Run,  and  died  at  Gordonsville,  Aug.  3, 
1861. 

Munroe  H.  Gladding.     Quartermaster  of  5th  Regiment  R.  I.  V. 

Charles  E.  Glines. 

William  H.  Goodhue. 

George  E.  Goulding. 

Philo  P.  Hawkes. 

Richard  B.  Hawkins. 

Charles  C.  Henry. 

Thomas  W.  D.  Horton. 

William  M.  Houghton.     Master's  Mate  U.  S.  N. 

Albert  E.  Hudson. 

James  S.  Hudson. 

Charles  O.  Jackson.     Saddler  in  1st  Regiment  R.  I.  L.  A. 

Leland  D.  Jenckes.  Wounded  and  taken  prisoner  at  the  bat 
tle  of  Bull  Run,  July  21,  1861.  Released  May,  1862. 

Henry  A.  Jewett. 

Albert  P.  Johonnot.     Promoted  to  be  Corporal,  June  23d. 

Henry  C.  Johnson.     Mustered  May  30th. 

Sanford  A.  Kingsley.     Mustered  May  30th. 

George  W.  Kinney, 

William  A.  Knight.      Mustered  May  30th. 

Frank  H.  Knowles. 


196  APPENDIX   D. 

Charles  Lapliam. 

Edwin  A.  Leavens. 

Edwin  Lowe.     Discharged  June  4th. 

Walter  B.  Manton.  Promoted  to  Lieutenant  of  Carbineers, 
June  27th.  Lieut,  in  3d  Regiment  R.  I.  H.  A. 

Henry  W.  Mason.     Sergeant  in  3d  Regiment  R.  I.  H.  A. 

Gilbert  D.  McCormick.  Scout  with  Major  General  Burnside's 
Expedition.  Since  returned. 

George  Metcalf.  Mustered  May  30th.  Lieutenant  in  3d  Reg- 
ment  R.  I.  H.  A. 

Henry  H.  Metcalf.      Sergeant  in  1st  Regiment  R.  I.  L.  A, 

Robert  Nevins.     Lieutenant  in  3d  Regiment  R.  I.  H.  A. 

Edward  A.  Osborn. 

George  H.  Paddock. 

Edward  S.  Parker.  Private  in  10th  Regiment  R.  I.  V.  (three 
months.) 

William  B.  Pearce. 

Charles  B.  Fennel. 

Albert  B,  Penno.  Wounded  and  taken  prisoner  at  the  battle 
of  Bull  Run,  and  died  at  Richmond,  Aug.  4. 

Ebenezer  W.  Percival. 

Joseph  W.  Pratt.     Steward  of  U.  S.  Hospital,  Providence. 

Charles  S.  Presby. 

William  W.  Prouty.  Quartermaster's  Sergeant  in  5th  Regi 
ment  R.  I.  V. 

William  W.  Rathbun.  Appointed  Sutler  in  4th  Regiment  R. 
I.  V. ;  afterwards  returned  home. 

George  H.  Rhodes.      Lieutenant  in  1st  Regiment  R.  I.  C. 

William  H.  Rhodes. 

Reuben  C.  Ruggles.     Mustered  May  30th. 

Stephen  Russell. 

Frederick  M.  Sackett.     Lieut,  in  1st  Regiment  R.  I.  L.  A. 

Isaac  II.  Saunders.     Mustered  May  30th. 

Albert  T.  Slmrtleflf.  Wounded  and  taken  prisoner  at  the  bat 
tle  of  Bull  Run  July  21st.  Released. 


ROLL   OP  THE  REGIMENT.  197 

Noyes  J.  Smith.     Discharged  June  4th. 

George  A.  Spink.     Lieutenant  in  10th  Regiment  R,  I,  V.,  (three 

months). 
Levi  Starbuck. 
Lorenz  Steinbring. 
Moses  Sweeten. 
Peleg  G.  Tallman. 

Charles  H.  Thayer.     Detailed  to  Hospital,  June  23d.    Lieu 
tenant  in  1st  Regiment  R.  I.  C. 
Benjamin  F.  Thomas. 
Andrew  C.  Thompson. 
Edward  K.  Thompson. 
Henry  H.  Thornton. 
Lewis  H.  Trescott.     Wounded  at    the   battle   of   Bull  Run 

July  21st. 
Henry  W.  Tucker. 

Eben  W.  Water-house.     Lieutenant  in  1st  Regiment  R.  I.  H.  A. 
Charles  S.  Whipple. 

Henry  W.  Whitman.     Discharged,  June  22d. 
Nicholas  B.  Young. 

Thomas  Young.     Detailed  to  Hospital  duty  July  4th.      Quar 
termaster  of  N.  Y.  Artillery  Regiment. 

The  nativities  of  this  company  were  as  follows :  Rhode  Is 
land,  53  ;  Massachusetts,  25  ;  New  York,  9  ;  Connecticut,  6  ; 
Vermont,  2 ;  Maine,  2 ;  New  Hampshire,  2 ;  Germany,  2  'r 
Scotland,  1 ;  not  returned,  15.  Total,  officers  and  men,  117. 

Killed,  1  officer ;  taken  prisoner,  1  officer ;  mortally  wounded 
and  taken  prisoner,  3  ;  wounded  and  taken  prisoner,  2  ;  wound 
ed,  4;  missing,!;  died  in  service,  1. 

Average  age,  26  3-4  years.     Oldest  man,  42  ;  youngest,  18. 

Average  height,  5  feet,  7  1-2  inches. 

This  company  has  furnished  for  the  war,  1  Colonel,  1 1  Lieu 
tenants,  2  Adjutants,  3  Quartermasters,  1  Sergeant  Major,  6 
Sergeants,  1  Sutler,  1  Steward,  1  Scout,  1  Saddler ;  to  the  army 
of  the  United  States,  1  Lieutenant ;  to  the  navy  of  the  United 

17* 


198  APPENDIX    I>. 

States,  2  Master's  Mates  ;  and  to  the  service  for  three  months, 
2  Lieutenants  and  3  Privates.  One  Colonel,  one  Lieutenant, 
1  Sergeant  Major,  1  Sutler,  and  1  Scout  have  belonged  to  the 
service  for  three  years,  but  resigned,  after  having  gone  into  the 
field. 

COMPANY    E. 

Stephen  R.  Bucklin,  Captain.  Lieut.  Colonel  of  3d  Regiment 
R.  I.  H.  A. 

William  R.  Walker,  First  Lieutenant.  Clerk  in  Department 
of  Interior. 

Lucien  B.  Stone,  Second  Lieutenant.     Resigned,  June  4th. 

Robert  Me  Cloy,  Second  Lieutenant,  Promoted  from  1st  Ser 
geant  June  5th.  Captain  in  7th  Regiment  R,  I.  V. 

Levi  Tower,  Ensign.  Resigned  June  1st,  and  appointed  Cap 
tain  in  2d  Regiment  R.  I.  V.  Killed  at  battle  of  Bull 
Run,  July  21,  1861. 

Robert  Me  Cloy,  First  Sergeant.  Promoted  to  be  2d  Lieuten 
ant,  June  5th. 

Albert  W.  Tonipkins,  Second  Sergeant.  Promoted  to  be  1st 
Sergeant  June  5th.  Lieutenant  in  9ih  Regiment  R. 
I.  V.  (three  months.) 

Henry  C.  Brown,  Third  Sergeant.  Adjutant  of  9th  Regiment 
R.  I.  V.  (three  months.) 

Augustus  W.  Colwell;  Fourth  Sergeant.  Lieut,  in  3d  Regiment 
R.  I,  II.  A. 

Oliver  II.  Perry,  First  Corporal.  Promoted  to  be  Sergeant, 
June  5th.  Sergeant  in  9th  Regiment  R.  I.  V.  (three 
months.) 

William  Sang,  Second  Corporal.     Discharged  May  31. 

Edward  Taft,  Third  Corporal. 

William  Eason,  Fourth  Corporal.     Landsman,  U.  S.  N. 

George  L.  Keech,  Musician.  Private  in  3d  Reg't  R.  I.  H.  A. 


EOLL  OF  THE  REGIMENT.  199 

Frederic  Schneider,  Musician.  Corporal  in  9th  Regiment  R. 
I.  V.  (three  months.) 

John  Aigan.     Lieutenant  in  3d  Regiment  R.  I.  H.  A. 

John  R.  Anderson.     Sergeant  in  7th  Regiment  R.  I.  V. 

Benjamin  O.  Arnold. 

Cyrus  V.  Bacon. 

Stephen  Ballon.     Private  in  9th  Regiment  R.  I.  V.,  (3  mos.) 

Francisco  Ballou. 

!Nelson  Ballou. 

William  Beatty. 

Charles  Bliss.     Hospital  steward  in  1st  Regiment  R.  I.  C. 

Julius  J.  Bosworth. 

James  A.  Brown.     Private  in  9th  Regiment  R.  I.  V.  (3  mos.) 

Henry  A.  Burchard. 

Henry  L.  Carter. 

Samuel  Cash. 

William  II.  Chace.  Discharged  July  2d.  Corporal  in  7th  Regi 
ment  R.  I.  V. 

William  Clark. 

William  Coupe.  Wounded  in  battle  of  Bull  Run.  Lieut,  in 
1  st  Regiment  Mass.  Cav. 

John  E.  Cowden. 

Charles  C.  Crocker.  Corporal  in  9th  Regiment  R.  I.  V.,  (three 
months.) 

Frederic  Dexter.     Died  at  Cumberland,  August  10,  1861. 

George  A.  Earle.     Sergeant  in  1st  Regiment  R.  I.  C. 

Thomas  A.  Earle.     Sergeant  in  1st  Regiment  R.  I.  C. 

Joseph  P.  Farnsworth.     Sergeant  in  5th  Regiment  R.  I.  V. 

George  J.  Fairbrother. 

Robert  Fessenden.  Sergeant  Major  in  9th  Regiment  R.  I.  V-, 
(three  months.) 

James  A.  Gardner. 

Clarence  T.  Gardner.    Sergeant  in  3d  Regiment  R.  I.  H.  A. 

Cyrus  B.  Hathaway.     Lieutenant  in  7th  Regiment  R.  I.  V. 

William  Ileipe.     Sergeant  in  3d  Regiment  R.  I.  H.  A. 


200  APPENDIX  I). 

Nathaniel  M.  Ingalls.     Private  in  2d  Kegiment  R.  I.  V, 
William  A.  Jackson.     Private  in  1st  Regiment  Mass.  Cav. 
Jabez  E.  Jenks.     Wounded  in  battle  of  Bull  Run,  July  21. 
Charles  H.  Johnson.     Lieutenant  in  4th  Regiment  R.  I.  V. 
Daniel  L.  Johnson.  Corporal  in  9th  Regiment  R.  I.  V.,  (three 

months.) 

Jirey  Kenney,  Jr.     Sergeant  in  7th  Regiment  R.  I.  V. 
Royal  H.  Lee.     Sergeant  Major  in  1st  Regiment  R.  I.  L.  A. 
Augustus  Little. 
Samuel  H.  Luther. 
George  F.  Lyon. 
Pardon  Mason.     Promoted  to  Corporal,  June  5th.     Capt,  in  3d 

Regiment  R.  I.  H.  A. 
George  Macomber. 

George  A.  Mason.     Promoted  to  Corporal,  June  5th. 
John  McKelvey.     Wounded  in  battle  of  Bull  Run,  July  21, 

1861.     Enlisted  in  3d  Reg't  R.I.  H.  A.,  and  disabled. 

Afterwards  Corporal  in  7th  Regiment  R.  I.  V. 
Frank  Merry.     Discharged,  June  9th. 
Ira  E.  Miller. 
Augustus  Mowry. 
George  D.  Morris.     Corporal  in  9th  Regiment  R,  I.  V.,  (three 

months.) 

Robert  Murray.     Discharged,  June  26th. 
George  W.  Newell.     Private  in  9th  Regiment  R.  L  V.,  (three 

months.) 

Isaac  Nickerson,  Jr. 
Dean  Nickerson,  Jr. 

Thomas  O.  Nickerson.     Corporal  in  3d  Regiment  R.  I.  H.  A. 
Lebbous  Northup.     Corporal  in  3d  Regiment  R.  I.  H.  A. 
William  C.  Olney.     Sergeant  in  4th  Regiment  R.  I.  V. 
Edwin  R.  Paine. 
Walter  F.  Padelford. 

James  T.  Pearce.     Private  in  3d  Regiment  R.  I.  H.  A. 
David  Perrin.     Wounded  in  battle  of  Bull  Run,  July  21. 


ROLL    OF   THE   REGIMENT.  201 

William  Phillips.     Sergeant  in  3d  Regiment  R.  I.  H.  A. 

John  M.  Pollard. 

Henry  Pollard. 

Thomas  Rankin. 

John  Ramsbottom.     Sergeant  in  7th  Regiment  R.  I.  V* 

Andrew  J.  Radloff. 

Benjamin  C.  Rhodes.     Discharged,  July  2. 

Joseph  A.  Rhodes.     Sergeant  in  1st  Regiment  R.  I.  C. 

Randall  H.  Rice.     Lieut,  in  llth  Regiment  Conn,  Vol. 

Arnold  Salisbury.     Sergeant  in  7th  Regiment  R.  I.  V. 

George  H.  Salisbury.     Private  in  4th  Regiment  R.  I.  V, 

George  M.  Salisbury.     Private  in  4th  Regiment  R.  I.  V. 

George  Schneider.     Corporal  in  9th  Reg't  R.  I.  V.  (3  mos.) 

David  Sherman.     Sergeant  in  3d  Regiment  R.  I.  H.  A. 

Francis  Slaiger.     Private  in  1st  Regiment  R.  I.  L.  A. 

Joseph  Slaiger.     Sergeant  in  3d  Regiment  R.  I.  H.  A. 

Lyman  F.  Slocum, 

Charles  Smith.     Sergeant  in  5th  Regiment  R.  I.  V. 

James  Munroe  Smith,     Private  in  7th  Regiment  R.  I.  V. 

Peter  Stephens.     Corporal  in  4th  Regiment  R.  I.  V. 

John  E.  Stearns.     Sergeant  in  1st  Regiment  R.  I.  L.  A. 

Charles  Taft.     Sergeant  in  5th  Regiment  R.  I.  V. 

Joseph  Taylor.  Private  3d  Reg't  R,  I.  H.  A.  Mustered,  June  6, 

Kimball  '1  ilton.  Wounded,  July  21, 1861,  in  battle  of  Bull  Run. 

Sergeant  in  a  N.  H.  regiment. 

Ferdinand  Tisdale.     Lieutenant  in  3d  Regiment  R.  I.  H.  A. 
Samuel  E.  Tracy.     Master's  Mate,  U.  S.  N. 
John  Turner. 
James  Watson. 
Thomas  C.  Webb, 

Walter  Wheeler,  Jr,     Sergeant  in  3d  Regiment  R.  I.  H.  A. 
Arlon  M.  Whipple. 
Henry  C.  \\  ickson. 
James  N.  Woodward. 


202  APPENDIX  D. 

The  nativities  of  this  company  were  as  follows : — Rhode 
Island,  45 ;  Massachusetts,  32 ;  Connecticut,  4  ;  Maine,  3  ; 
New  York,  3  ;  New  Hampshire,  1  ;  England,  4  ;  Bavaria,  2 ; 
Ireland,  2 ;  Germany,  2 ;  Wirtemberg,  2  ;  Prussia,  1  ;  Scotland, 
1  ;  not  returned,  3.  Total,  Officers  and  men,  105. 

Wounded,  5. 

Average  age,  25  years  ;  oldest  man,  47  ;  youngest,  18.  Aver 
age  height,  5  feet  8  inches. 

This  company  has  furnished  for  the  war,  1  Lieut.  Colonel  ; 
3  Captains  ;*  7  Lieutenants  ;  1  Sergeant  Major  ;  1 9  Sergeants  5 
5  Corporals  ;  1  Hospital  steward  and  9  privates ;  to  the  navy 
.of  the  United  States,  1  Master's  mate  and  1  landsman  ;  and  to 
the  service  for  three  months,  1  Adjutant ;  1  Lieutenant ;  1  Ser 
geant  Major  ;  1  Sergeant ;  5  Corporals  and  3  privates. 

COMPANY   F. 

George  W.  Tew,  Captain.   Lieut.  Colonel  4th  Reg't  R.  I.  V. 

William  A.  Stedman.  First  Lieutenant. 

Benjamin  L.  Slocum,  Second  Lieutenant.  Captain  in  10th 
Regiment  R.  I.  V.  (three  months.) 

James  H.  Chappell,  Ensign. 

Augustus  P.  Sherman,  First  Sergeant. 

Thomas  S.  Burdick,  Second  Sergeant. 

John  S.  Coggeshall,  Third  Sergeant. 

Edward  S.  Hammond,  Fourth  Sergeant. 

John  D.  Washburn,  First  Corporal. 

Benedict  F".  Smith,  Second  Corporal. 

Ray  B.  Sayer,  Third  Corporal. 

Henry  L.  Nicolai,  Fourth  Corporal.  Sergeant  in  1st  Regiment 
R.  I.  C. 

Charles  B.  Barlow,  Musician.  Master's  mate  U.  S.  N.  Pro 
moted  to  Acting  Master,  July,  1862. 

*  1  Captain  killed. 


ROLL  OF    THE   REGIMENT.  203 

Albert  N.  Burdick,  Musician.  Wounded  at  battle  of  Bull  Kun, 
July  21.  Lieut,  in  4th  Regiment  R.  I.  V.  Resigned 
July,  1862, 

Jolin  A.  Abbott.  Private  in  3d  Regiment  R.  I.  H.  A.  Dis 
charged  May  21. 

George  C.  Almy. 

John  H.  Bachelor. 

Christopher  E.  Barker. 

Charles  Barker,  Jr. 

Andrew  P.  Bashford.  Taken  prisoner  at  Bull  Run,  July  21. 
Escaped  and  retaken  twice.  Released  December, 
1861.  Now  Master's  mate,  U.  S.  N. 

William  Booth. 

Daniel  A.  Boss.  Private  in  4th  Regiment  R.  I.  V.  Died  at 
Beaufort,  N.  C.,  June,  1862. 

Jeremiah  Brown.     Captain  in  4th  Regiment  R.  I.  V. 

Adelbert  P.  Bryant. 

Thomas  S.  Brownell. 

Henry  Bull,  Jr. 

Benjamin  D.  Carlile. 

Robert  Carlile,  Jr. 

Allen  Caswell.     Wounded  at  battle  of  Bull  Run,  July  21. 

Charles  H.  Clarke. 

Edward  F.  Clarke. 

Frederic  A.  Clarke. 

Gustavus  A.  Clarke. 

Joshua  P.  Clarke.  Sergeant  in  4th  Regiment  R.  I.  V.  Pro 
moted  to  Lieutenant,  July,  1862. 

David  M.  Coggeshall,  Jr. 

Lawton  Coggeshall.  Mustered  May  29.  Master's  mate  U.  S.  N. 

Robert  D.  Coggeshall. 

Robert  M.  Crane. 

Perry  B.  Dawley.     Watchman  at  the  Naval  School,  Newport. 

Benjamin  F.  Davis. 

William  P.  Denman,     Corporal  in  4th  Regiment  R.  I.  V. 


204  APPENDIX  D. 

Lance  De  Jongh.     Private  in  10th  Regiment  R.  I.  V.  (3  mos.) 

Silas  D.  Deblois. 

Stephen  Deblois. 

William  H.  Durfee,  Jr.     Discharged  July  12.     Private  in  5th 

Regiment  R.  I.  V. 
John  F.  Easton. 
Benjamin  Easton,  Jr. 
Henry  F.  Easton.     Wounded  at  battle  of  Bull  Run,  July  21, 

1861. 

William  J.  Eldridge. 

Edmund  W.  Fales.     Sergeant  in  10th  Reg't  R.  I.  V.  (3  mos.) 
John  Fludder.     Private  in  1  Oth  Regiment  R.  I.  V.  (3  mos.) 
Augustus  French.     Watchman  at  the  Naval  School,  Newport. 
Joseph  J.  Gould.     Captain  in  1st  Regiment  R.  I.  C. 
Thomas  Harrington,  Jr.  Killed  at  battle  of  Bull  Run,  July  21. 
Rowland  R.  Hazard. 
William  Hamilton. 
Samuel  Hilton.     Wounded   at  battle   of  Bull   Run,  July   21. 

Private  in  4th  Regiment  R.  I.  V. 
Benjamin  C.  Hubbard. 

George  A.  Hudson.     Private  in  4th  Regiment  R.  I.  V. 
Harris  F.  Keables. 

William  Keating.     Private  in  1st  Regiment  R.  I.  C. 
Edwin  A.  Kelly.     Private  in  1st  Regiment  R.  I.  C. 
T.  Wheaton  King.     Wounded  and  taken  prisoner  at  battle  of 

Bull  Run,  July  21.     Died  at  Philadelphia,  January 

28,  1862. 
William  H.  King.     Mustered  May   29.     Lieutenant  in   10th 

Regiment  R.  I.  V.  (3  months.) 

Israel  F.  Lake,  Jr.     Private  in  4th  Regiment  R.  I.  V. 
Thomas  O.  Lake.     Private  in  4th  Regiment  R.  I.  V. 
Henry  B.  Landers.     Lieutenant  in  5th  Regiment  R.  I.  V, 
John  B.  Landers.     Wounded  at  battle  of  Bull  Run,  July  21. 

Private  in  10th  Regiment  11.  I.  V.  (3  months.) 
Overton  G.  Langley. 


ROLL  OF  THE  REGIMENT.  205 

s 

Charles  E.  Lawton. 

George  P.  Lawton.     Discharged  July  2. 
Thomas  H.  Lawton.     Discharged  May  21. 
David  Little,     Discharged  May  31, 
Charles  L.  Littlefield. 
John  B.  Mason. 

James  Markham.     Private  in  4th  Regiment  R.  I.  V. 
Daniel  A.  McCann. 

William  M.  Minkler.    Private  in  10th  Reg't  R.  I.  V.  (3  mos.) 
Walden  H.  Nason. 
Michael  A.  Nolan, 
George  H.  Palmer. 
Frederic  J.  Peabody.     Discharged  May   31.     Private   in   4th 

Regiment  R.  I.  V. 

Edwin  H.  Peabody.     Private  in  4th  Regiment  R.  I.  V. 
John  P.  Peckham.     Killed  in  the  battle  of  Bull  Run,  July  21, 

1861. 

Peyton  H.  Randolph.     Captain's  clerk,  U.  S.  Navy. 
John  Rogers.     Wounded  in  the  battle    of  Bull  Run,  July  21, 

1861.     Capt.  in  1st  Regiment  R.  I.  C. 

Benjamin  H.  Rogers.     Sergeant  in  1st  Regiment  R,  I.  L.  A. 
John  H.  Robinson. 

John  F.  Scott.     Sergeant  in  1st  Regiment  R.  I.  C. 
Thomas  Scott.     Hospital  duty,  May  2,  1861. 
Thomas  Sharp. 
Bartlett  L.  Simmons.     Taken  prisoner  at  Bull  Run,  July  21, 

1861.     Released,  May,  1862. 
John  B.  F.  Smith.     Master's  mate,  U.  S.  N. 
George  B.  Smith. 
Charles  Southwick. 

John  Stark.     Private  in  a  New  York  regiment. 
George  W.  Taber.    Private  in  10th  Reg't  R.  I.  V.  (3  mos.) 
Edward  Terrell. 
William  H.  Thayer. 
William  Towle. 
18 


206  APPENDIX  D, 

Arthur  B.  Tuel. 

James  P.  Vose.     Lieutenant  in  1st  Regiment  R.  I.  C. 

William  H.  Waldron.     Discharged  May  31. 

George  S.  Ward.     Discharged  July  1 2. 

Charles  S.  Weaver. 

George  R.  White.     Private  in  4th  Regiment  R.  I.  V. 

Edward  Wilson.     Discharged  July  12, 

William  Young. 

The  nativities  of  this  company  were  as  follows: — Rhode 
Island,  73 ;  Massachusetts,  6  ;  Maine,  2 ;  New  York,  2  ;  Penn 
sylvania,  1  ;  Maryland,  1  ;  Illinois,  1  ;  Vermont,  1 ;  England,  4  ; 
Ireland,  2  ;  Scotland,  2;  Germany,  1  ;  Not  returned,  12.  To 
tal,  officers  and  men,  108. 

Killed,  2  ;  wounded,  taken  prisoner,  and  died  on  his  way 
home,  1  ;  wounded  6  ;  taken  prisoner,  2. 

Average  age,  23  3-4  years.     Oldest  man,  44  ;  youngest,  18, 

Average  height,  5  feet  7  inches. 

This  company  has  furnished  for  the  war,  1  Lieutenant  Colo 
nel  ;  3  Captains ;  4  Lieutenants  ;*  3  Sergeants ;  1  Corporal  and 
14  privates  ;f  to  the  navy  of  the  United  States,  1  acting  Master  ; 
3  Master's  Mates ;  and  1  Captain's  Clerk  ;  to  the  Naval  School, 
2  Watchmen ;  and  to  the  service,  for  three  months,  1  Captain  ; 
1  Lieutenant ;  1  Sergeant ;  and  4  privates. 

COMPANY  G . 

David  A.  Peloubet  went  in  command  of  this  company  as  far 
as  Annapolis,  and  returned  thence  to  Providence.  He 
is  now  in  command  of  a  company  in  Colonel  John 
Cochrane's  regiment  of  New  York  Chasseurs. 

John  T.  Pitman,  Captain.  Mustered  May  6.  Lieut.  Col.  in 
9th  Regiment  R.  I.  V.  (3  months.)  Promoted  to 
Colonel,  June,  1862. 

•*  1  Lieutenant  resigned,     t  1  Private  deceased. 


ROLL    OF  THE    REGIMENT.  207 

Albert  G.  Bates,  First  Lieutenant. 

Edward  Luther,  Second  Lieutenant. 

John  L,  Bushee,  Ensign.  In  commissary  department  of  a  Wis 
consin  regiment. 

George  B.  Lapham,  First  Sergeant.  Detailed  to  Ordnance 
Department,  May  21st. 

Charles  G.  Strahan,  First  Sergeant.  Promoted  from  Private, 
May  21st.  Capt.  in  3d  Regiment  R.  I.  H.  A. 

Charles  Beeherer,  Second  Sergeant.  Color  Sergeant.  Wounded 
in  the  battle  of  Bull  Run,  July  21st,  1861. 

James  W.  Henry,  Third  Sergeant.  Sergeant  Major  in  1st 
Regiment  R.  I.  C. 

Latham  T  Babcock,  Fourth  Sergeant.  Sergeant  in  3d  Regi 
ment  R.  J.  H.  A. 

Charles  W.  Tibbitts,  First  Corporal.  Laborer  in  Navy  Yard, 
Washington,  D.  C. 

James  Seamans,  Second  Corporal.  Taken  prisoner  in  the  bat 
tle  of  Bull  Run,  July  21,  1861.  Released,  May,  1862. 

John  E.  Bennett,  Third  Corporal.  Sergeant  in  1st  Regiment 
R.  I.  C. 

Charles  G.  A.  Peterson,  Fourth  Corporal.  Sergeant  in  1st 
Regiment  R.  I.  C.  Promoted  to  Lieut.  Tune  6,  1862. 

Horace  F.  Allen.  Private  in  7th  Squadron  R.  I.  C.,  (three 
months.) 

Augustus  Ball. 

Henry  Borden. 

John  S.  Brown.     Corporal  in  1st  Regiment  R.  I.  C. 

Samuel  Brown.     Private  in  1st  Regiment  R.  I.  C. 

Cornelius  Brassline.     Corporal  in  1st  Regiment  R.  I.  C. 

Gardiner  Bryant.  Wounded  in  the  battle  of  Bull  Run,  July 
21st,  1861.  Private  in  7th  Squadron  R.  I.  C.  (three 
months.) 

Gustavus  B.  Burlingame.  Sergeant  in  10th  Regiment  R.  I. 
V.,  (three  months.) 

James  II.  Burbank.     Private  in  4th  Regiment  R.  J.  V. 


208  APPENDIX  I). 

Hezekiah  O.  Bucklin. 

James  C.  Burke.     Private  in  1st  Regiment  R.  I.  C. 

Raymond  W.  Caboon.     Sergeant  in   10th  Regiment  R.  I.  V., 

(three  months). 
Edward  E.  Carpenter. 

William  Cassada.     Private  in  1st  Regiment  R.  I.  C. 
James  Clark. 

Thomas  C.  Clark.     Sergeant  in  1st  Regiment  R.  I.  C. 
Thomas  Costello. 
William  R.  Cook. 

Ozias  J.  Danforth.      Private  in  1st  Regiment  R.  I.  L.  A. 
Raphael  E.  Dexter,  Sergeant  in  1st  Regiment  R.  I.  C. 
Paul  Downs.     Taken  prisoner  in  the  battle  of  Bull  Run,  July 

21.     Died,  at  Richmond,  August  1,  1861. 
Stephen  A.  Farguison. 
Lewis  Florsheim. 

James  C.  Forsyth.     Discharged  June  13th. 
Page  F.  Grover. 

Charles  Grosse.     Private  in  4th  Regiment  R.  I.  V. 
Charles  Ilarkens.      Private  in  4th  Regiment  R.  I.  V. 
Robert  Hausensteine. 

Lewis  T.  Hall.     Promoted  to  Sergeant  in  Carbineers  June  27th. 
Robert  Haydon.     Corporal  in  4th  Regiment  R.  I.  V. 
Alvinzi  Ilealy. 
James  E.  Jiill. 
William  Hoffman. 

William  E.  Hooper.     Private  in  3d  Regiment  R.  I.  II.  A. 
William  Hounam.     Wounded  and  taken  prisoner  in  the  battle 

of  Bull  Run,  July  21,  1861.     Released, May,  1862. 
Daniel  Holmes.     Private  in  4th  Regiment  11. 1.  V. 
Edward  Holmes.     Wounded  and  taken  prisoner  in  the  battle 

of  Bull  Run,  July  21,  1861.     Released,  May,  1862. 
Thomas  II.  Holmes. 

William  F,  Holmes.     Sergeant  in  1st  Regiment  R.  I.  C. 
James  Hughes. 


ROLL  OF  THE  REGIMENT.  209 

Michael  Hughes.     Discharged  May  12th. 

George  W.  Hull.      Discharged  June  1st. 

Dennis  Hynes.     Sergeant  in  3d  Regiment  R.  I.  II.  A. 

Hugh  Johnson.     Seaman  in  U.  S.N.     Discharged,  May,  1862 

James  B.  Johnson.     Private  in  1st  Regiment  R.  I.  C. 

David  G.  Jones. 

Owen  L  Leach.     Sergeant  in  1st  Regiment  R.  I.  C. 

Jabez  Lord. 

Walter  H.  Luther.     Sergeant  in  5th  Regiment  R.  I.  V. 

Patrick  Maddison. 

John  J.  Mangold. 

Thomas  Martin.     Discharged  May  12th. 

William  D.  McCoy. 

James  C.  Me  Adams.     Discharged  June  13th. 

Arthur  J.  Me  Allen. 

Owen  McElroy.     Private  in  1st  Regiment  R.  I.  L.  A. 

George  McGunnigle.     Private  in  1st  Regiment  R.  I.  L.  A. 

James  McGunnigle.     Private  in  1st  Regiment  R.  L  L.  A.. 

Thomas  McMahon.     Sergeant  in  4th  Regiment  R.  I.  V. 

James  Morning.     Private  in  10th  Regiment  R.  I.  V.  (3  mos.) 

James  Munroe, 

John  Marshall. 

Edward  E.  Nichols.     Discharged  June  1st. 

William  M.  Nottage.     Corporal  in  4th  Regiment  R.  L  V. 

William  H.  Packard.     Wounded  in  the  battle  of  Bull  Run,. 

July  21st,  1861. 
Harry  D.  Perkins.     Taken  prisoner  iu  the  battle  of  Bull  Run», 

July  21,  1861.     Sergeant  in  10th  Regiment  R.  I.  V. 

(three  months.) 

Stephen  H.  Pickering.      Corporal  in  1st  Regiment  R.  I.  C. 
John  Pitman,  Jr.     Private  in  10th  Regiment  R.  I.  V.  (3  mos.) 
James  Redin. 
Joseph  Pollard,     Wounded  and  taken  prisoner  in  the  battle  of 

Bull  Run,  July  21st.     Released,  May,  1862. 
Christopher  C.  Rhodes. 

18* 


210  APPENDIX  D. 

Charles  F.  Ehodes.    Private  in  4th  Regiment  R.  I.  V. 

William  E.  Rhodes.    Discharged  June  1st.    Seaman  in  U.  S.  N. 

John  H.  Richards. 

John  Roth  well.     Private  in  1st  Regiment  R.  I.-C. 

Herman  Schocher.     Killed  in  the  battle  of  Bull  Run,  July  21st, 

Robert  Seiler.     In  Band  of  3d  Regiment  R.  I.  H.  A. 

David  Shaw.     Private  in  1st  Regiment  R.  I.  L.  A. 

"William  Shaw. 

Silas  Spink. 

Henry  P.  Stafford.     Wounded  and  taken  prisoner  in  the  bat 
tle  of  Bull  Run,  July  21, 1861.     Released,  May,  1862. 

Charles  Stuart.     Private  in  3d  Regiment  R.  I.  H.  A. 

Henry  A.  Sunderland.     Private  in  1st  Regiment  R.  I.  L.  A, 

Thomas  H.  Sweetland.     Sergeant  in  5th  Regiment  R.  I.  V. 

John  W.  Taylor.     Discharged  May  14th.     Private  in  9th  Regi 
ment  R  L  V.,  (3  months.) 

William  F.  Tanzey.     Sergeant  in  5th  Regiment  R.  L  V. 

Henry  E.  Testen.     Private  in  1st  Regiment  R.  L  L.  A.    Killed 
in  the  battle  of  James'  Mill,  June  27,  18G2. 

James  A.  Thornton.     Sergeant  in  1st  Regiment  R.  L  C. 

Frederic  Thoene. 

George  Trautz.     Private  in  4th  Regiment  R.  I.  V. 

Thomas  J.  Ward. 

Edward  Wilkins. 

Justus  K.Watson. 

Franklin  E.  Wilmarth.     Corporal  in  5th  Regiment  R.  I.  V. 

George  W.  Young, 

August  Zimmer. 

Commissary  Department. 

Charles  Munroe. 

Cyrus  Peabody. 

Charles  J.  Place.     Private  9th  Regiment  R.  I.  V.  (3  mos.) 

Charles  H.  Rounds.    Sergeant  in  9th  Reg't  R.  I.  V.  (3  mos.) 

NOTE. — Samuel  S.  Dexter  was  mustered  into  service  with 
this  company,  but  was  detailed  to  become  servant  to  Major 


ROLL   OF   THE   REGIMENT.  211 

Slocum,  and  accompanied  that  officer  when  he  was  promoted 
to  the  command  of  the  2d  Regiment  R.  I.  V. 

The  nativities  of  this  company  were  as  follows :  Rhode  Is 
land,  48;  Massachusetts,  11;  New  York,  7;  New  Jersey,  2  ; 
New  Hampshire,  1  ;  Maine,  1 ;  Connecticut,  1  ;  Germany,  8 ; 
Ireland,  8  ;  England,  8  ;  Nova  Scotia,  2  ;  Prussia,  2  ;  Scot 
land,  2  ;  Holland,  1  ;  Switzerland,  1.  Not  returned,  10.  Total, 
officers  and  men,  113.  Killed,  1 ;  mortally  wounded  and  taken 
prisoner,  1  ;  wounded,  3  ;  wounded  and  taken  prisoner,  4  ; 
taken  prisoner,  2. 

Average  age,  25|  years.  Oldest  man,  48  ;  youngest,  18. 

Average  height,  5  feet,  6|  inches. 

This  company  has  furnished  for  the  war,  1  Captain  ;  1  Lieu 
tenant  ;  1  Sergeant  Major ;  1 2  Sergeants ;  6  Corporals  ;  1 9  pri 
vates  ;*  1  clerk  in  commissary  department ;  to  a  regimental 
band,  1  private  ;  to  the  navy  of  the  United  States,  2  seamen,f 
and  1  laborer  in  Navy  yard  ;  and  to  the  service  for  three 
months,  1  Colonel ;  3  Sergeants,  and  8  privates. 

COMPANY   H. 

Charles  W.  H.  Day,  Captain.    Captain  in  3d  Reg't  R.  I.  H.  A. 

Joseph  Brooks,  Jr.,  First  Lieutenant. 

Earl  C.  Harris,  Second  Lieutenant. 

Asa  A.  Ellis,  Ensign.     Lieutenant  in  3d  Regiment  R.  I.  H.  A. 

John  A.  Irving,  First  Sergeant. 

Calvin  G.  Cahoone,  2d,  Second  Sergeant.  Lieutenant  in  4th 
Regiment  R.  I.  V. 

Michael  Costello,  Third  Sergeant. 

Joseph  Burgess,  2d,  Fourth  Sergeant.  Sergeant  in  3d  Regi 
ment  R.  I.  H.  A, 


*1  Private  killed,     fl  Seaman  discharged. 


212  APPENDIX  D. 

Daniel  L.  Arnold,  First  Corporal.  Promoted  from  Private, 
July  23.  Sergeant  in  3d  Regiment  R.  I.  H.  A.  Mor 
tally  wounded  in  the  battle  of  James  Island,  June  16, 
and  died  June  24,  1862. 

George  L.  Kibby,  Second  Corporal.  Discharged  July  8th. 
Corporal  in  4th  Regiment  R.  I.  V. 

John  R.  Arnold,  Second  Corporal.  Promoted  from  Private, 
July  8th.  Sergeant  in  1st  Regiment  R.  I.  C. 

Joseph  Howcroft,  Third  Corporal.  Accidentally  wounded  at 
Williamsport,  June  15th,  and  discharged  July  12th, 
1861.  Sergeant  in  3d  Regiment  R.  L  H.  A. 

George  H.  Read,  Fourth  Corporal. 

William  A.  Abbott,  Musician.  Sergeant  in  1st  Reg't  R.  I.  C. 

Frank  B.  Young,  Musician. 

John  C.  Ash. 

John  G.  Becker. 

'Jeremiah  Bennett.  Discharged  May  31st.  Private  in  1st 
Regiment  R.  I.  L.  A. 

James  A.  Bowen.  Discharged  May  9th.  Private  in  3d  Regi 
ment  R.  I.  H.  A. 

Edward  Bidmead. 

Constantino  Bischoff.     Sergeant  in  5th  Regiment  R.  I.  V. 

John  E.  Bowen. 

Robert  S.  Brownell.     Sergeant  in  5th  Regiment  R.  I.  V. 

Richard  A.  Bright. 

Charles  Brotherton. 

Philip  M.  Bullock. 

Davis  C  Burke. 

David  W.  Carrington.     Private  in  3d  Regiment  R.  I.  H.  A. 

John  F.  Carpenter.     Private  in  3d  Regiment  R.  I.  H.  A. 

Samuel  J.  Chace. 

Alexander  Charnley.     Discharged  May  31st. 

Henry  Cook.     Private  in  1st  Regiment  R.I.  C. 

Salvica  Cook      Private  in  1st  Regiment  11.  I.  L.  A. 

Patrick  Curley.     Private  in  1st  Regiment  R.  I.  L.  A. 


ROLL  OF  THE  REGIMENT.  213 

Joseph  Dean.     Discharged  May  9th.     Sergeant  in  a  N.  Y, 

Artillery  regiment. 
Newton  Dow. 

Thomas  A.  Dolan.   Lieutenant  in  a  New  York  Artillery  Reg't. 
James  Dougherty,  Killed  in  the  battle  of  Bull  Run,  July  21st. 
William  H.  Earle.     Discharged  July  8th. 
John  Falvey.     Taken   prisoner  at  Centreville,  July   22d,  and 

died  July  28th,  1861. 

John  A.  Farrell.    Private  in  10th  Reg't  R.  I.  V.  (3  mos.) 
Lawrence  Farrell.     Corporal  in  3d  Regiment  R.  I.  H.  A. 
George  A,  Gardiner.     Private  in  2d  Regiment  R.  I.  V. 
Gustavus  B.  Gardiner.     Sergeant  in  4th  Regiment  R.  I.  V. 
Thomas  L.  Greene.     Corporal  in  4th  Regiment  R.  I.  V. 
William  E.  Greene. 

Arthur  Hargrave.     Private  in  1st  Regiment  R.  I.  L.  A. 
John  C.  Harris. 

George  Harker.     Private  in  3d  Regiment  R.  I,  H.  A. 
Augustus  Hable. 

James  C.  Haskins.     Sergeant  in  3d  Regiment  R.  I.  H.  A. 
John  Hawkes. 

Luke  Healy.     Private  in  4th  Regiment  R.  I.  V. 
Owen  Heganey.     Sergeant  in  3d  Regiment  R.  I.  H.  A. 
Lewis  A.  Holmes. 

Alfred  I.  Hopkins.     Corporal  in  3d  Regiment  R.  I.  H.  A. 
John  Hughes.     Sergeant  in  3d  Regiment  R.  I.  H,  A. 
James  Huyberts.     Corporal  in  4th  Regiment  R.  I.  V. 
Lewis  Inglehart. 

James  Kelley.     Private  in  3d  Regiment  R.  I.  H.  A. 
Michael  Kelley.     Private  in  5th  Regiment  R.  I.  V. 
William  H.  Kelley.     Private  in  4th  Regiment  11.  I.  II.  A. 
George  W.  Lake.     Discharged  July  8th.     Private  in  3d  Regi. 

ment  R.  I.  H.  A. 
Joseph  Lane. 

Charles  S.  Lee.     Corporal  in  1st  Regiment  R.  I.  C. 
Joseph  F.  Makee.     Sergeant  in  a  N.  Y.  Artillery  regiment. 


214  APPENDIX  D. 

* 

Hugh  Manes. 

John  H.  Mangold. 

William  H.  Martin.     Sergeant  in  4th  Regiment  R.  I.  V. 

Peter  A.  Marsh. 

John  F.  May.     Sergeant  in  1st  Regiment  R.  I.  C. 

Albert  Moessner.     Corporal  in  3d  Regiment  R.  I.  H.  A. 

Luke  C.  Moore.     Seaman  in  U.  S.  navy. 

Tappan  W.  Morrill. 

Joseph  Moshier.     Private  in  1st  Regiment  R.  I.  C. 

John  McCanna.     Private  in  2d  Regiment  R.  1.  V. 

Bernard  MeDonough.     Private  in  2d  Regiment  R.  I.  V. 

Michael  McElroy.     Private  in  1st  Regiment  R.  I.  L.  A. 

James  Me  Question. 

George  II.  Nickerson.     Private  in  1st  Regiment   R.  I.  L.  A. 

Horace  M.  Nickerson.     Private  in  4th  Regiment  R.  I.  V. 

Charles  Norton. 

George  Nottage.     Corporal  in  4th  Regiment  R.  I.  V. 

Royal  J.  Packard.     Private  in  3d  Regiment  R.  I.  H.  A. 

George   Parker. 

John  A.  Potter. 

Michael  Regan.     Discharged  July  8th.    Seaman  in  U.  S,  N. 

George  INI.  Rice.     Corporal  in  New  York  Chasseurs. 

Henry  Reynolds. 

James  E.  Slocum.     Wounded  in  battle  of  Bull  Run,  July  21st. 

George  Springer.     Corporal  in  4th  Regiment  R.  I.  V. 

Edward  L.  Surgcns.  Wounded  in  the  battle  of  Bull  Run, 
July  21st. 

Henry  Thayer.     Corporal  in  3d  Regiment  R.  I.  II.  A. 

Nicholas  W.  Thornton. 

John  II.  Thurber.     Private  in  4th  Regiment  R.  I.  V. 

Frederic  Trask. 

William  II.  Trim.  Discharged  July  8th.  Private  in  1st  Regi 
ment  R.  I.  L.  A. 

William  II.  Tanner.     Sergeant  in  New  York  Chasseurs. 

George  M.  Tvvitchell.  Sergeant  in  3d  Regiment  It.  L  II.  A. 


KOLL  OF  THE  REGIMENT.  215 

Alfred  Waldron.     Wounded  and  taken  prisoner  in  the  battle 

of  Bull  Run,  July  21,  1861.     Released,  May,  1862. 
Charles  W.  Whipple.     Private  in  4th  Regiment  R.  I.  V. 
Henry  C.  Wightman. 

"William  J.  Williams.     Private  in  1st  Regiment  R.  I.  C. 
Allison  A.  Williams,     Discharged  May  9th. 
John  Wilson.     Private  in  1st  Regiment  R.  I.  C. 
Augustus  Young. 
Francis  H.  Young. 
Robert  O.  Young. 

Commissary  Department. 
Coomer  A.  Easterbrook. 

George  H.  Damon.     Private  4th  Regiment  R.  I.  V. 
John  C.  Brown.     Corporal  in  1st  Regiment  R.  I.  C. 
John  Luther  Jr. 
Benjamin  F.  Hiscox. 

The  nativitie^ of  this  company  are  as  follows  :  Rhode  Island, 
47  ;  Massachusetts,  8  ;  Connecticut,  7  ;  Maine,  3  ;  Vermont,  3  ; 
New  York,  4  ;  New  Hampshire,  1  ;  Pennsylvania,  1 ;  Ohio,  1 ; 
Germany,  7  ;  Ireland,  7  ;  England,  3  ;  Scotland,  1  ;  Switzer 
land,  1  ;  France,  1  ;  Nova  Scotia,  1  ;  not  returned,  1 7.  Total, 
officers  and  men,  113. 

Killed,  1 ;  wounded,  2 ;  taken  prisoner,  and  since  died,  1  ? 
wounded  and  taken  prisoner,  1. 

Average  age,  26  years.     Oldest  man,  59  ;  youngest,  18. 

Average  height,  5  feet,  7  inches. 

This  company  has  furnished  for  the  war,  1  Captain,  3  Lieu 
tenants,  17  Sergeants,*  12  corporals,  and  28  Privates ;  to  the 
navy  of  the  United  States,  2  Seamen. 


*  1  Sergeant  mortally  wounded. 


216  APPENDIX   D. 

COMPANY    I. 

Henry  C.  Card,  Captain.     Captain  in  9th  Regiment  R.  I.  V., 

(three  months.) 
William  H.  Chapman,  First  Lieutenant. 

James  Babcock,  Second  Lieutenant. 

J.  Clark  Barber,  Ensign.     Lieutenant  in  9th  Regiment  R.  I.  V., 
(three  months). 

Erastus  W.  Barber,  First  Sergeant. 

James  McDonald,  Second  Sergeant.     Lieutenant  in  9th  Regi 
ment  R.  I.  V. 

Reuben  S.  Lamphear,  Third  Sergeant. 

Henry  R.  Horton,  Fourth  Sergeant.     Sergeant  in    1st  Regi 
ment  R.  I.  L.  A. 

Horace  Swan,  First  Corporal. 

Evan  C.  Burdick,  Second  Corporal. 

Paul  M.  Barber,  2d,  Third  Corporal, 

John  F.  Jencks,  Fourth  Corporal. 

George  P.  Kenyon,  Musician. 

William  Kenneth.  Musician. 

Isaac  Allen.     Private  in  3d  Regiment  R.  I.  H.  A. 

Robert  H.  Andrews.    Corporal  in  1st  Regiment  R.  I.  L.  A. 

George  P.  Austin.     Corporal  in  5th  Regiment  R.  I.  V. 

Horace  G.  Barber.      Wounded  in  the  battle  of  Bull  Run  July 
21st,  1861. 

L.  A.  Barber.     Private  in  4th  Regiment  R.  I.  V. 

Thomas  S.  Barber,     Discharged  May  31st, 

Uriah  Baton.     Private  in  9th  Regiment  R.  I.  V. 

William  Baton. 

Richard  E.  Barden.     Lieutenant  in  5th  Regiment  R.  I.  V. 
Afterwards  discharged. 

George  W.  Bennett.     Private  in  1st  Regiment  R.  I.  C. 

Jeremiah  A.  Blaisdell. 

Samuel  Bliven. 

George  Braman.    Discharged  July  3d.     Private  in  1st  Regi 
ment  R.  I.  L.  A. 


ROLL    OF   THE   REGIMENT.  217 

Amos  L.  Burdlck.    Private  in   9th  Regiment  R.  I.  V.,  (three 

months.) 

Albert  H.  Burdick.    Mortally  wounded  at  Bull  Run  July  21. 
Alvin  L.  Card.     Corporal  in  4th  Regiment  R.  I.  V. 
Patrick  Casey.     Private  in  8th  Regiment  Conn.  Vol. 
Thomas  N.  Chapman.     Private  in  1st  Regiment  R.  I.  L.  A. 
Joshua  Clark. 

Joseph  H.  Clark.     Corporal  in  5th  Regiment  R.  I.  V. 
Edwin  R.  Cottrel.     Private  in  9th  Regiment  R.  I.  V. 
Daniel  B.  Cornell.      Corporal  in  1st  Regiment  R.  I.  L.  A. 
Elisha  W.  Cross.      Private  in  1st  Regiment  R.  I.  L.  A. 
Nathan  J.  Crandall.     Private  in  9th  Regiment  R.  I.  V.,  three 

months). 

John  C.  Crandall.     Discharged  May  31st. 
Samuel  C.  Danforth.     Killed  in  the  battle  of  Bull  Run,  July  2 1 . 
Albert  E.  Denison. 

William  Dingavan.     Sergeant  in  3d  Regiment  R.  I.  H.  A. 
Joseph  T.  Djnhain.     Private  in  a  New  York  Regiment. 
Charles  G.  Ecclestone. 
John  Ecclestone. 
Samuel  R.  Ecclestone, 

James  A.  Edwards.     Private  in  9th  Regiment  R.  I.  V. 
Walter  H  Eliard.     Wounded  at  the  battle  of  Bull  Run,  July 

21st,  1861. 
Lewis  C.  Fiske. 
Theodore  B.  Floyd. 

George  C.  Gardiner.     Discharged  June  9th. 
Charles  A.  Graves. 

Martin  S.  Greene.     Discharged,  June  9th.     Farrier  in  1st  Reg 
iment  R.  I.  C, 

Nelson  Gibson.     Sergeant  in  4th  Regiment  R.  I.  V. 
Harris  Havens. 

William  F.  Hawkins.     Private  in  9th  Regiment  R.  I.  V. 
Charles  D.  Holmes.     Corporal  in  3d  Regiment  R.  I.  H.  A. 
Frederic  A.  Hunt.     Sergeant  in  4th  Regiment  R.  I.  V. 
19 


218  APPENDIX  I). 

George  H.  Hull.     Sergeant  in  3d  Regiment  R.  I.  H.  A. 

Edgar  W.  Irish.     Corporal  in  —  Regiment  R,  I.  V. 

Henry  R.  Jennings. 

Andrew  J.  Keables. 

Orren  M.  Keables.     Discharged,  July  3d. 

Thomas  H.  Kelley. 

Nathan  W.  Lewis. 

Walter  R.  Lewis.      Sergeant  in  9th  Regiment  R.  I.  V. 

William  Lucas.     Private  in  8th  Regiment  Conn.  V, 

Andrew  M.  Morgan.     Lieutenant  in  8th  Conn. 

Henry  E.  Morgan.     Lieutenant  in  8th  Conn. 

George  P.  Nugent.     Private  in  9th  Regiment  R.  I.  V. 

Charles  II.  Nichols,     Discharged,  June  15th. 

Andrew  Owens. 

Austin  A.  Perkins.     Private  in  3d  Regiment  R.  I.  II.  A. 

James  H.  Perigo.     Private  in  9th  Regiment  R.  I.  V. 

Arnold  Phillips. 

George  N.  Phillips. 
Job  Phillips. 

George  A  Place. 
Israel  A.  Potter. 

Henry  II.  Remington. 

Joseph  Richmond.     Discharged  July  3d.     Private  in  9th  Regi 
ment  R.  I.  V. 
Lorenzo  D.  Richmond. 
James  C.  Richardson. 

James  D.  Roche.     Lieutenant  in  llth  Conn. 
Orson  C.  Rogers.     —  Regiment  R.  I, 
Gilbert  C.  Sanders.     Private  in  a  New  York  Regiment. 
Nathan  II.  Saunders.     Private  in  3d  Regiment  R.  I.  V. 
Charles  W.  Sheffield.     Sergeant  in  1st  Regiment  Conn.  Cav. 
Thomas  D.  Sheffield.     Captain  in  8th  Conn. 
William  Sheep,      Private  in  3d  Regiment  R.  I.  V. 
Dudley  F.  Sisson.     Private  in  3d  Regiment  R.  I.  V. 
D.  Sissoo.     Private  in  9th  Regiment  R.  I.  V. 


ROLL    OF  THE   REGIMENT.  219 

Francis  D.  V.  Sloan.     Private  in  8th  Conn. 

John  H.  Smith.     Private  in  8th  Conn. 

John  H.  D.  Sprague.  Wounded  in  the  battle  of  Bull  Run. 
July  21,  1861.  Private  in  8th  Conn. 

Henry  Staplins.     Private  in  8th  Conn. 

David  Sunderland. 

Jeremiah  Sullivan.  Discharged  May  31st.  Sergeant  in  3d  Reg 
iment  R.  I.  H.  A. 

Avery  Teft. 

Benjamin  R.  Thurston. 

John  F.  Trask.  Wounded  and  taken  prisoner  in  the  battle  of 
Bull  Run  July  21st  Released,  May,  1862. 

Harly  Walker.     Discharged  June  15th. 

John  H.  Weaver.     Private  in  4th  Regiment  R.  I.  V. 

John  W.  Webster. 

Roderick  1).  Whipple.     Corporal  in  1st  Regiment  R.  I.  H.  A. 

Charles  P.  Williams.     Sergeant  in  1st  Regiment  R,  I.  H.  A. 

Thomas  S.  Wright.  Sergeant  in  llth  Regiment  U.  S.  A. 
Promoted  to  Lieutenant,  May  3d,  1862. 

The  nativities  of  this  company  were  as  follows :  Rhode  Is 
land,  49  ;  Connecticut,  21  ;  New  York,  8  ;  Maine,  2  ;  Vermont, 
2;  New  Hampshire,  1;  Massachusetts,  1;  New  Jersey,  1; 
Pennsylvania,  1  ;  England,  5  ;  Scotland,  2  ;  Ireland,  2  ;  not 
returned,  12.  Total,  officers  and  men,  107. 

Killed,  1  ;  mortally  wounded,  1  ;  wounded,  3 ;  wounded  and 
taken  prisoner,  1. 

Average  age,  25  years.     Oldest  man,  42  ;  youngest,  18. 

Average  height,  5  feet,  7  7-8  inches. 

This  company  has  furnished  for  the  war,  1  Captain,  4  Lieu 
tenants,*  9  Sergeants,  8  Corporals,  18  Privates,  and  1  Farrier; 
and  to  the  service  for  three  months,  1  Captain,  2  Lieutenants, 
and  12  Privates. 


1  Lieutenant  discharged. 


220  APPENDIX  D. 

COMPANY    K. 

Peter  Simpson,  Jr.,  Captain. 

Thomas  Steere,  First  Lieutenant. 

John   A.   Allen,  Second  Lieutenant.     Major    (Lieut.-Colonel) 

4th  Regiment  R.  T.  V. 
George  H.  Grant,  Ensign.  Captain  in  5th  Regiment  R.  I.  V. 

Albert  E.  Greene,  First  Sergeant.     Lieut,  in  3d  Regiment  R. 
I.  H.  A. 

John  B.  Bachelor,  Second  Sergeant.  Sergeant  in  3d  Regi 
ment  R.  I.  H.  A. 

Henry  C.  Mowry,  Third  Sergeant.     Mail  Agent. 

George  W,  Green,  Fourth  Sergeant.  Sergeant  in  3d  Regiment 
R.  I.  H.  A. 

Erastus  S.  Bartholomew,  First  Corporal.  Appointed  Sergeant, 
and  promoted  to  be  Lieutenant  in  3d  Regiment  R.  I. 
H.  A.,  May  21,  1862.  Mortally  wounded  in  battle  of 
James  Island,  June  16th,  1862.  Died  June  17tk 

Waldo  F.  Slocomb,  Second  Corporal. 

Edwin  W.  Wheelock,  Third  Corporal.    ' 

Francello  G.  Jillson,  Fourth  Corporal.  Lieutenant  in  9th  Reg't 
R.  I.  V.  (three  months.) 

Daniel  H.  Goff,  Musician. 

John  J.  Boyle,  Musician.     Drummer  in  4th  Regiment  R.  I.  V. 

William  H.  Ackley.     Died  in  Hospital  July  24th. 

Ahnon  Ballou. 

George  A.  Black.     Sergeant  in  4th  Regiment  R.  I.  V. 

James  Bloomingdalc. 

Amos  Boyden.     Sergeant  in  5th  Regiment  R.  I.  V. 

William  C.  Boyden,  Jr. 

Oscar  L.  Bradley. 

George  R.  BufTum.     Corporal  in  4th  Regiment  R.  I.  V. 

Frank  Caffrey. 

John  II.  Carney.     Artificer  in  1st  Regiment  R.  I.  L.  A. 

Benjamin  J.  Carter.     Discharged  July  4th. 


ROLL    OF   THE   REGIMENT.  221 

William  L.  Gates.     Private  in  3d  Regiment  R.  I.  H.  A. 

Dexter  Clark. 

George  JB.  Clemence.     Private  in  4th  Regiment  R.  I.  V. 

George  Y.  Coleman.     Discharged  July  9th. 

Caleb  W,  Colvin.     Corporal  in  5th  Regiment  R.  I.  V. 

James  M.  Colvin.     Private  in  24th  Reg't  Mass.  Vols. 

Foster  M.  Cook.     Wagoner  in  3d  Regiment  R.  I.  H.  A. 

Henry  L.  Cook. 

Henry  C.  Davis.     Died  in  Hospital,  June  16th. 

John  J.  Dixon.     Discharged  May  10th. 

Barney  J.  Dodge. 

Joseph  Duprey.     Sergeant  in  4th  Regiment  R.  I.  V. 

Daniel  Farrar.     Private  in  3d  Regiment  R.  I.  H.  A. 

John  Farrar.     Corporal  in  9th  Regiment  R.  I.  V-  (3  mos.) 

Xavier  D.  Fisher.     Private  in  3d  Regiment  R.  I.  H.  A. 

Arlon  T.  Follctt. 

Alonzo  M.  Fuller.     Sergeant  in  3d  Regiment  R.  I.  II.  A. 

Hial  C.  Gore. 

Asa  R.  Greene. 

Charles  C.  Greene.     Sergeant  in  5th  Regiment  R.  I.  V. 

William  Guinness. 

John  Ilaekett.     Sergeant  in  3d  Regiment  R.  I.  H.  A. 

John  W.  Ilallowell.     Private  in  3d  Regiment  R.  I.  H.  A. 

Joseph  Ilarrop.     Killed   at  the  battle  of  Bull  Run,   July  21,. 

18G2. 

Charles  M.  Hayden. 

John  Ilayward.  Sergeant  in  9th  Regiment  R.  I.  V.  (3  mos.) 
Edgar  Hazleton.     Private  in  1st  Regiment  R.  I.  L.  A. 
George  J.  Hill.     Sergeant  in  3d  Regiment  R.  I.  H.  A.    Killed1 

at  Fort  Pulaski,  April  14th,  1862. 
Gardiner  II.  Howe.  ^ 

James  B.  Jackson. 
Zachariah  Jacobs.     Wounded  and  taken  prisoner  at  the  battle- 

of  Bull  Run,  July  21,  1861. 
Ethan  A.  Jencks.     Lieutenant  in  7th  Regiment  R.  I.  V. 

19* 


222  APPENDIX    D. 

Henry  Jenerson.     Corporal  in  3d  Regiment  R.  I.  H.  A. 

Charles  A.  Joslin. 

Andrew  Jillson.     Private  in  4th  Regiment  R.  I.  V. 

Thomas  Lord. 

George  Lovely. 

Augustus  Luther.     Private  in  3d  Regiment  R.  I.  II.  A. 

Henry  Madden.  Private  in  3d  Regiment  R.  I.  II.  A.  After 
wards  discharged. 

George  W.  Mars. 

Olney  Marsh. 

Matthew  Martin, 

Joseph  ]N.  Mason. 

William  MeClure. 

Patiick  McGrath.     Private  in  1st  Regiment  R.  I.  L.  A. 

Orlando  Mclntyre.  Discharged  July  9th.  Private  in  15th 
Regiment  Mass.  Vols.  Taken  prisoner  at  Ball's  Bluff. 
Released  May,  18G2. 

Frank  M,  M.  MeKeirman.     Discharged  May  10th. 

Hugh  Melville.  Killed  in  the  battle  of  Bull  Run,  July  21st. 

"William  Merchant. 

Oliver  Miett.     Private  in  3d  Regiment  R.  I.  II.  A. 

Henry  C.  Miller.     Corporal  in  4th  Regiment  R.  I.  V. 

Philip  Miller.     Private  in  3d  Regiment  R.  I.  H.  A. 

John  J.  Murray.     Corporal  in  4th  Regiment  R.  I.  V. 

Peter  Munger.     Private  in  3d  Regiment  R.  I.  H.  A. 

George  Nichols. 

John  M.  Parker.     Sergeant  in  4th  Regiment  R.  I.  V. 

William  S.  Partridge. 

Horace  H.  Peirce.     Private  in  1st  Regiment  R.  I.  C. 

Alonxo  M.  Pickering.    Corporal  in  5th  Regiment  R.  I.  V. 

Matthew  Quirk.  Killed  in  the  battle  of  Bull  Run,  July  21st. 

Peter  Riley. 

Smith  Robinson,  Jr.     Sergeant  in  4th  Regiment  R.  I.  V. 

Thomas  W.  Ryan.     Private  in  3d  Regiment  It.  I.  H.  A. 

John  J.  Sanborn. 


ROLL  OF  THE  REGIMENT.  223 

Patrick  Sheridan.     Private  in  4th  Regiment  R.  I.  V. 

Christopher  H.  Shultz.     Corporal  in  1st  Regiment  R.  I.  C. 

William  H.  H.  Smith. 

Lyman  P.  Southwick. 

Nelson  Spooner. 

John  H.  Steere.     Private  in  1st  Regiment  R.  I.  C. 

Daniel  Sullivan.     Private  in  10th  Reg't  R.  I.  V.  (3  mos.) 

Hiram  B.  Tift. 

Robert  Thompson.     Discharged  July  9th. 

Daniel  Turner. 

Nathan  B-  Vibbert.     Private  in  3d  Regiment  R.  I.  H.  A. 

Charles  S.  Watson.     Captain  in  9th  Reg't  R.  I.  V.  (3  mos.) 

Ferdinand  L.  Watson.     Private  in  4th  Regiment  R.  I.  V. 

Martin  Welch. 

Peter  Wheelock. 

Henry  J.  Whitaker.  Lieutenant  in  9th  Reg't  R.  I.  V.  (3  mos.) 

Thomas  E.  White, 

Leander  White. 

Alfred  Wild.     Sergeant  in  5th  Regiment  R,  I.  V. 

Robert  L.  Williams.     Corporal  in  1st  Regiment  R.  I.  L.  A. 

John  Young. 

The  nativities  of  this  company  were  as  follows :  Massachusetts 
S5 ;  Rhode  Island,  24 ;  Vermont,  8 ;  Connecticut,  4 ;  New 
York,  4  ;  Maine,  3  ;  New  Hampshire,  1  ;  England,  11  ;  Ireland, 
6;  Canada,  2  ;  Germany,  1  ;  Saxony,  1  ;  Switzerland,  1.  Not 
returned,  9.  Total,  Officers  and  men,  110. 

Killed,  3  ;  taken  prisoner,  1 . 

Average  age,  25  years.     Oldest  man,  45.     Youngest,  16, 

Average  height,  5  feet,  Gf  inches. 

This  company  has  furnished  for  the  war,  I  Major  ;  1  Captain  ; 
3  Lieutenants  ;  12  Sergeants  ;  8  Corporals  ;  1  Artificer ;  1  wag 
oner;  1  drummer,  and  21  privates;*  and  for  the  service  for 
three  months,  1  Captain ;  2  Lieutenants ;  1  Sergeant,  and  2 
Privates. 

*1  Private   discharged. 


224  APPENDIX   D. 

CARBINEERS. 

A  company  of  Carbineers,  to  act  as  skirmishers,  was  formed, 
by  details  from  the  other  companies,  and  armed  with  the  Burn- 
side  rifles.*     On  the  ninth  of  June  it  was  organized  as  a  sepa 
rate  corps,  and  its  place  in  the  line  of  march  was  in  front  of 
the  column.     Its  officers  were  appointed  as  follows : 
Francis  VV.  Goddard,  commissioned  as  Captain. 
Walter  B.  Manton,  commissioned  as  Lieutenant. 
John  B.  Campbell,  of  Company  A,  Sergeant. 
George  O.  Gorton,  of  Company  C,  Sergeant. 
Robert  II.  Doming,  of  Company  D,  Sergeant. 
Louis  T.  Hall,  of  Company  G,  Sergeant. 
Peleg  E.  Bryant,  of  Company  B,  Sergeant. 

The  Company  numbered  seventy-three  privates,  but  its  mem 
bers  messed,  quartered,  and  were  paid  with  their  respective 
companies.  Consequently  no  roll  was  preserved,  and  I  am  un 
able  to  record  their  names. 

James  Allen,  of  the  Light  Battery,  and  William  II .  Helme, 
of  Company  C,  were  authorized  to  act  as  aeronauts,  in  con 
nection  with  the  movements  of  the  regiment.  Previous  to  the 
advance  into  Virginia,  they  were  detailed,  with  a  corps  of  as- 
sis-tants,  to  serve  under  the  direction  of  General  McDowell,  for 
the  purpose  of  making  balloon  reconnoisances  of  the  enemy's 
positions.  Ample  materials  were  furnished  them,  and  valuable 
results  would  doubtless  have  been  accomplished,  had  their  ex 
periment  proved  successful.  But,  by  accident,  the  two  bal 
loons  in  their  possession  were  rendered  useless,  and  thus  the 


*  Lieut.  Charles  E.  Patterson,  of  the  4th  Infantry,  U.  S.  A.,  was  detailed  to 
act  as  drill-master  of  the  Carbineers,  before  their  organization  as  a  separate 
corps.  One  morning,  he  did  rot  appear,  as  usual.  We  soon  ascertained  the 
reason.  \Vc  learned,  with  regret,  that  he  had  deserted  to  the  rebel  army;  for 
he  was  an  amiable,  gentlemanly  officer,  of  excellent  bearing  and  address.  He 
was  dismissed  froin  t'.ie  service,  June  6.  18  H.  After  his  departure.  Lieut.  Sis- 
Bon,  Paymaster  of  the  Regiment,  did  efficient  service  in  drilling  the  company. 


ROLL    OF  THE    REGIMENT.  225 

commanding  General  was  deprived  of  information  which  would 
have  been  of  great  advantage  on  the  day  of  battle. 

NATIVITIES. 

The  nativities  of  the  entire  Regiment  were  as  follows  : — 
Rhode  Island,  612  ;  Massachusetts,  187  ;  New  York,  59  ;  Con 
necticut,  57  ;  Maine,  31  ;  Vermont  19  ;  New  Hampshire,  16  ; 
Pennsylvania,  7  ;  New  Jersey,  6  ;  Maryland,  2  ;  Illinois,  2  ; 
Indiana,  1  ;  Michigan,  1  ;  Ohio,  1  ;  Virginia,  1  ;  District  of  Co 
lumbia,  1  ;  Ireland,  50  ;  England,  46  ;  Germany,  29  ;  Scotland, 
12;  Nova  Scotia,  3;  Prussia,  3;  Switzerland,  3;  Canada,  2; 
France,  2  ;  Bavaria,  2  ;  Cuba,  1 ;  Holland,  1  ;  Saxony,  1 ;  Wir- 
temberg,  2  ;  not  returned,  140. 

Whole  number,  including  Officers,  Band  and  Battery,  1,300. 

Average  age,  25  1-4  years.  Average  height,  5  feet  7  1-4 
inches. 

CASUALTIES. 

The  casualties  of  the  Regiment  were,  as  follows:  Killed,  12  ; 
wounded,  33  ;  taken  prisoner  22,  of  whom  12  were  wounded  ; 
mortally  wounded  and  taken  prisoner,  6 ;  missing,  1  ;  died  in 
service,  5.  Total  casualties,  79.  Discharged  and  resigned,  61. 

OCCUPATIONS  OF  THE  MEMBERS  OF 
THE  REGIMENT. 

FIELD    AND    STAFF. 

Physicians,  5  ;  Manufacturers,  3  ;  Accountants,  2  ;  Clergy 
men,  2  ;  Druggist,  1  ;  Civil  Engineer,  1 ;  Lawyer,  1 ;  Railroad 
Treasurer,  1  ;  not  returned,  2. 

NON-COMMISSIONED    STAFF. 

Clerk,  1  ;  Druggist,  1  ;  Jeweller,  1  ;  Lawyer,  1 ;  Merchant, 
1  ;  Plumber,  1  ;  not  returned,  2. 


226  APPENDIX  D. 

REGIMENTAL   BAND. 

Musicians,  8;  Jewellers,  7;  Painters,  2;  Engraver,  1  ;  Far 
mer,  1  ;  Instrument  Maker,  1  ;  Moulder,  1  ;  Photographer,  1  ; 
Plater,  1  ;  Silversmith,  1. 

LIGHT   BATTERY. 

Jewellers,  24  ;  Clerks,  1 7  ;  Carpenters,  8  ;  Machinists,  8  ; 
Moulders,  G ;  Blacksmiths,  3  ;  Drivers,  3  ;  Hostlers,  3  ;  Labor 
ers,  3;  Printers,  3;  Shoemakers,  3  ;  Chemists,  2;  Gasfitters,  2  : 
Gentlemen,  2 ;  Farmers,  2  ;  Hatters,  2  ;  Masons,  2 ;  Music 
ians,  2  ;  Painters,  2  ;  Sailors,  2  ;  Silversmiths,  2  ;  Spinners,  2  ; 
Students,  2  ;  Tanners,  2  ;  Teamsters,  2  ;  Aeronaut,  1  ;  Banker,  1; 
Bank  Cashier,  1 ;  Barkeeper,  1  ;  Box  Maker,  1  ;  Brakeman,  1  ; 
Butcher,  1  ;  Carriage  Maker,  1  ;  Cigar  Maker,  1  ;  Coachman, 

1  ;  Cooper,  1  ;  Cotton  Broker,  1  ;    Cutler,  1  ;    Dentist,  1  ;   Die 
Sinker,  1 ;  Engineer,  1  ;    Gilder,  1  ;    Grocer,  1 ;    Harness  Ma 
ker,  1  ;  Insurance  Agent,  1  ;  Lapidary,  1  ;  Lumber  Dealer,  1  > 
Merchant,  1  ;  Miller,  1  ;    Police,   1  ;    Soldier,   1  ;    Tin-worker, 
1 ;  Tradesman,  1  ;  Veterinary  Surgeon,  1  ;  not  returned,  8. 

COMPANY  A, 

Jewellers,  20  ;  Clerks,  7  .  Machinists,  6  ;  Accountants,  5  ; 
Carpenters,  4  ;  Masons,  4  ;  Painters,  4  ;  Moulders,  3  ;  Stu 
dents,  3 ;  Tobacconists,  3  ;  Druggists,  2  ;  Police,  2  ;  Printers, 

2  ;  Baker,  1  ;  Bagmaker,  1 ;  Bootmaker,  1  ;  Carriage  Maker,  1  ; 
Carver,  1  ;  Colorer,  1  ;   Currier,  1  ;  Die  Sinker,  1  ;  Driver,  1  ; 
Engine  Builder,  1 ;  Engraver,  1  ;  File   Cutter,  1 ;  Grocer,  1  ; 
Hostler,  1  ;  Laborer,  1  ;  Lawyer,  1  ;  Marble  Cutter,  1 ;  News 
paper  Correspondent,  1  ;  Operator,  1  ;  Photographer,  1  ;  Sail- 
maker,  1  ;  Sailor,  1  ;  Salesman,  1;  Silversmith,  1  ;  Tin-worker, 
1 ;  Wood  engraver,  1  ;  not  returned,  18. 

COMPANY  B. 

Jewellers,  17;  Machinists,  15;  Moulders,  8;  Carpenters,  6 ; 
Painters,  G  ;  Laborers,  4  ;  Blacksmiths  3  ;  Clerks,  3  ;  Farmers, 


ROLL    OF   THE   REGIMENT.  227 

3  ;  Dresser  Tenders,  2 ;  Fuddlers,  2  ;  Sailors,  2  ;  Tailors,  2 ; 
Teamsters,  2 ;  Weavers,  2  ;  Barkeeper,  1  ;  Butcher,  1 ;  Cabinet 
Maker,  1  ;  Chaser,  1 ;  Coppersmith,  1  ;  Gasfitter,  1 ;  Gilder,  1  . 
Lawyer,  1 ;  Mason,  1 ;  Nailer,  1  ;  Pattern  maker,  1 ;  Printer, 
1 ;  Roofer,  1  ;  Shoemaker,  1 ;  Silversmith,  1 ;  Stonecutter,  1 ; 
Tin  worker,  1 ;  Trader,  1 ;  Varnisher,  1 ;  not  returned,  12. 

COMPANY  C. 

Jewellers,  25  ;  Clerks,  22 ;  Students,  7 ;  Machinists,  5  ;  En 
gravers,  4 ;  Marble  Cutters,  4  ;  Lawyers,  3  ;  Merchants,  3 
Rubber  Manufacturers,  3 ;  Tin  workers,  3 ;  Carpenters,  2  j 
Grocers,  2  ;  Moulders,  2  ;  Silversmiths,  2  ;  Cabinet'  Maker,  1  .' 
Carriage  Maker,  1  ;  Dentist,  1 ;  Diesinker,  1  ;  Engine  turner, 
1  ;  Gasfitter,  1 ;  Gentleman,  1 ;  Lapidary,  1 ;  Manufacturer, 
1  ;  Mechanic,  1  ;  Painter,  1  ;  Physician,  1  ;  Police,  1  ;  Sailor, 
1  ;  Sashmaker,  1  ;  Trader,  1  ;  Tradesman,  1 ;  Watch-caser,  1  ; 
not  returned,  9. 

COMPANY  D. 

Jewellers,  31;  Clerks,  14;  Accountants,  4;  Moulders,  4; 
Students,  4  ;  Carpenters,  3  ;  Dentists,  3  ;  Artists,  2 ;  Farmers, 
2;  Grocers,  2;  Machinists,  2;  Silversmiths,  2;  Bottler,  1; 
Butcher,  1  ;  Cabinet  Maker,  1  ;  Carriage  Maker,  1  ;  Designer, 
1  ;  Druggist,  1  ;  Engineer,  1  ;  Gasfitter,  1  ;  Gentleman,  1  ; 
Lumberman,  1;  Manufacturer,  1;  Mison,  1;  Mechanic,  1; 
Merchant,  1 ;  Nailer,  1  ;  Painter,  1  ;  1'hotographer,  1 ;  Printer, 
1  ;  Rubber  Manufacturer,  1  ;  Sailor,  1  ;  Shoemaker,  1;  Stove 
Manufacturer,  1  ;  Tailor,  1  ;  Tobacconist,  1  ;  Turner,  1  ;  Up 
holsterer,  1  ;  Watchmaker,  1 ;  not  returned,  1 7. 

COMPANY   E. 

Jewellers,  23;  Carpenters,  11;  Clerks,  9:  Machinists,  9. 
Painters,  9  ;  Laborers,  5  ;  Blacksmith,  3  ;  Farmers,  3  ;  Mould 
ers,  2 ;  Shoemakers,  2  ;  Artist,  1  ;  Barber,  1  ;  Butcher,  1  • 
Chaser,  1  ;  Chemist,  1  ;  Clock  Maker,  1  ;  Cloth  Inspector,  1 ; 


228  APPENDIX  D. 

Confectioner,  1 ;  Currier,  1 ;  Daguerrean,  1 ;  Draughtsman,  1 ; 
Dresser  tender,  1  ;  Dyer,  1 ;  Engineer,  1 :  Fireman,  1  ;  Gasfitter, 
1  ;  Manufacturer,  1  ;  Mule  Spinner,  1  ;  Pedler,  1  ;  Roofer,  1  ; 
Sailor,  1  ;  Spinner,  1 ;  Student,  1  ;  Teamster,  1 ;  Wheelwright, 
1 ;  Not  returned,  4. 

COMPANY  F. 

Carpenters,  14:  Painters,  11  ;  Sailors,  7;  Clerks,  5;  Farm 
ers,  5  ;  Masons,  4  :  Tinworkers,  4  ;  Blacksmiths,  3  ;  Bootmakers, 
3 ;  Gentlemen,  3  ;  Sailmakers,  3  ;  Butchers,  2 ;  Carriagemak- 
ers,  2  ;  Coopers,  2  ;  Laborers,  2  ;  Machinists,  2  ;  Merchants,  2  ; 
Plumbers,  2  ,•  Teamsters,  2  ;  Bonnet  Maker,  1  ;  Cabinetmaker, 
1 ;  Calico  printer,  1  ;  Coal  dealer,  1  ;  Druggist,  1  ;  Engineer, 
1  ;  Express  messenger,  1  ;  Fisherman,  1 ;  Gasfitter,  1  ;  Har 
ness  maker,  1 ;  Lawyer,  1  ;  Master  builder,  1  ;  Moulder,  1  • 
Music  teacher,  1 ;  Operative  1  ;  Printer,  1  ;  Provision  dealer, 
1 :  Shoemaker,  1 ;  Soap  boiler,  1 ;  Tailor,  1  ;  Not  returned,  10. 

COMPANY   G. 

Jewellers,  15  ;  Carpenters,  11 ;  Painters,  8  ;  Machinists,  6  ; 
Laborers,  5  ;  Shoemakers,  5  ;  Weavers,  4  ;  Gasfitters,  3  ;  Far 
mers,  3 ;  Moulders,  3 ;  Sailors,  3 ;  Silversmiths,  3  ;  Account 
ants,  2 ;  Butchers,  2 ;  Clerks,  2 ;  Die  sinkers,  2  ;  Drivers,  2 ; 
Actor,  1  ;  Baker,  1  ;  Barber,  1  ;  Blacksmith,  1  ;  Bookseller,  1  ; 
Brass  founder,  1  ;  Broom  maker,  1  ;  Carder,  1 ;  Carriage  trim 
mer,  1  ;  Colorer,  1  ;  Engineer,  1  ;  Engraver,  1 ;  Fireman,  1  ; 
Ice  man,  1 ;  Mason,  1  ;  Piecer,  1  ;  Printer,  1  ;  Shoe  dealer,  1 ; 
Spinner,  1  ;  Stone  cutter,  1  ;  Tailor,  1  ;  Teamster,  1 ;  Tin 
worker,  1 ;  Trader,  1 ;  Not  returned  10. 

COMPANY  H. 

Sailors,  11  ;  Jewellers,  10;  Laborers,  8;  Painters,  6;  Car 
penters,  5  ;  Moulders,  5  ;  Spinners,  4  ;  Blacksmiths,  3  ;  Butch 
ers,  2 ;  Clerks,  2 ;  Machinists,  2 ;  Merchants,  2 ;  Shoemakers, 
2 ;  Tailors,  2 ;  Accountant,  1  ;  Barber,  1 ;  Bookbinder,  1 ; 


ROLL  OF  THE  REGIMENT.  229 

Bootmaker,  1 ;  Box  maker,  1  ;  Brass  finisher,  1  ;  Brusli  maker, 
1  ;  Cabinet  maker,  1 ;  Calico  printer,  1 ;  Carriage  maker,  1  ; 
Currier,  1 ;  Die  sinker,  1  ;  Dress  tender,  1 ;  Engineer,  1 ;  Ex 
press  messenger,  1  ;  Farrier,  1 ;  Grocer,  1  ;  Horse  Jockey,  1  ; 
Hostler,  1  ;  Lithographer,  1  ;  Mason,  1 ;  Musician,  1  ;  Nailer, 
1  ^  Physician,  1 ;  Plumber,  1 ;  Sash  maker,  1 ;  Servant,  1 ; 
Tin  worker,  1 ;  Tool  maker,  1  ;  Weaver,  1 ;  Not  returned,  19. 

COMPANY  I. 

Spinners,  14;  Farmers,  13;  Machinists,  13;  Laborers,  7; 
Carpenters,  6  ;  Carders,  4  ;  Dresser  tenders,  4  ;  Weavers,  4  ; 
Blacksmiths,  3 ;  Moulders,  3  ;  Sailors,  3 ;  Stone  cutters,  3 ; 
Teamsters,  3  ;  Accountant,  1 ;  Butcher,  1  ;  Colorer,  1  ;  Daguer- 
rean,  1 ;  Dentist,  1  ;  Doormaker,  1 ;  Engineer,  1 ;  Finisher,  1 ; 
Fisherman,  1 ;  Harness  maker,  1 ;  Mason,  1  ;  Merchant,  1  ; 
Teacher,  1 ;  Tin  worker,  1  ;  Not  returned,  13. 

COMPANY   K. 

Laborers,  17;  Spinners,  15;  Shoemakers,  8;  Weavers,  8; 
Carpenters,  6 ;  Dresser  tenders,  5  ;  Farmers,  5  ;  Clerks,  4 ; 
Scythe  makers,  3  ;  Blacksmiths,  2  ;  Harness  makers,  2  ;  Host 
lers,  2;  Lawyers,  2;  Machinists,  2  ;  Tin  workers,  2  ;  Carder, 
1 ;  Dentist,  1  ;  Driver,  1 ;  Druggist,  1  ;  Manufacturer,  1  ;  Mar 
ble  worker,  1  ;  Mason,  1  ;  Merchant,  1  ;  Painter,  I;  Printer, 
1 ;  Sailor,  1  ;  Shoedealer,  1 ;  Soap  manufacturer,  1 ;  Stone 
cutter,  1  ;  Stone  mason,  1  ;  Tailor,  1 ;  Woolsorter,  1  :  Not  re 
turned,  W). 

RECAPITULATION. 

Jewellers,  173  ;  Clerks,  86  ;  Carpenters,  76  ;  Machinists,  70  ; 
Laborers,  52  ;  Painters,  51  ;  Moulders,  38  ;  Farmers,  37  ;  Spin 
ners,  37;  Sailors,  33;  Shoemakers,  23;  Blacksmiths,  21; 
Weavers,  19;  Students,  17;  Masons,  16;  Accountants,  15; 
Tin  workers,  15  ;  Dresser  tenders,  13  ;  Merchants,  12  ;  Silver 
smiths,  12;  Butchers,  11 ;  Musicians,  11 ;  Teamsters,  11 ;  Gas- 
20 


230  APPENDIX  D. 

fitters,  10;  Lawyers,  10;  Printers.  10;  Tailors,  8;  Carriage 
makers,  7  ;  Dentists,   7 ;  Drivers,   7  ;  Druggists,  7  ;  Engineers, 
7 ;    Engravers,  7 ;  Gentlemen,   7 ;    Grocers,  7  ;    Hostlers,    7 ; 
Manufacturers,  7  ;  Physicians,  7  ;  Carders,  6  ;  Die  sinkers,  6  • 
Marble  cutters,  6  ;  Stone  cutters,  6  ;  Bootmakers,  5  ;  Cabinet 
makers,  5  ;  Harness  makers,  5  ;  Police,  4 ;  Plumbers,  4  ;  Rub 
ber  manufacturers,  4  ;  Sail  makers,  4  ;  Tobacconists,  4  ;  Artists, 
3  ;  Barbers,  3  ;  Chemists,  3  ;  Colorers,  3  ;  Coopers,  3  ;  Curriers, 
3  ;  Nailers,  3  ;  Photographers,  3  ;  Scythe  makers,  3  ;  Traders, 
3  ;  Bakers,  2  ;  Barkeepers,  2  ;  Box  makers,  2  ;  Calico  printers, 
2  ;  Chasers,  2 ;  Clergymen,  2  ;  Daguerreans,  2 ;  Express  mes 
sengers,  2  ;  Firemen,  2  ;  Fishermen,  2  ;  Gilders,  2  ;  Hatters,  2  ; 
Lapidaries,   2  ;  Mechanics,  2  ;  Puddlers,  2  ;  Roofers,  2  ;  Sash- 
makers,  2  ;  Shoe  dealers,  2  ;  Tanners,  2 ;  Tradesmen,  2  ;  Actor, 
1 ;  Aeronaut,  1 ;  Bagmaker,  1  ;  Banker,   1  ;  Bank  cashier,  1 ; 
Bonnet  maker,  1  ;  Bookbinder,  1 ;  Bookseller,  1  ;  Bottler,  1  ; 
Brakeman,    1 ;  Brass   finisher,    1 ;  Brass   founder,    1 ;    Broom 
maker,  1;  Brushmaker,  1;  Carriage  trimmer,  1;  Carver,  1;  Cigar 
maker,  1 ;  Civil  Engineer,  1  ;  Clock  maker,  1  ;  Cloth  Inspector, 
1  ;  Coachman,   1 ;  Coal  dealer,  1 ;    Confectioner,  1 ;    Copper 
smith,  1 ;    Cotton  broker,  1 ;    Cutler,  1 ;    Designer,  1  ;   Door 
maker,  1  ;  Draftsman,  1  ;  Dyer,  1  ;  Engine  builder,  1  ;  Engine 
turner,  1 ;  Farrier,  1 ;  Filecuttcr,  1  ;  Finisher,  1 ;  Horse  jockey, 
1 ;  Ice  man,  1 ;  Instrument  maker,  1  ;    Insurance  agent,  1  ; 
Lithographer,  1  ;  Lumber  man,  1 ;  Lumber  dealer,  1  ;  Master 
builder,    1 ;  Miller,    1  ;  Mule   spinner,    1  ;  Music    teacher,    1 ; 
Newspaper  correspondent,  1  ;  Operative,  1  ;  Operator,  1  ;  Pat 
tern   maker,    1  ;  Pedler,    1  ;  Piecer,    1  ;  Plater,    1 ;   Provision 
dealer,  1  ;  Railroad   treasurer,   1  ;  Salesman,   1 ;    Servant,  1  ; 
Soap  boiler,  1  ;  Soap  manufacturer,  1 ;  Soldier,  1  ;  Stone  mason, 
1  ;  Stove  manufacturer,  1 ;  Teacher,  1  ;  Tool  maker,  1  ;  Turn 
er,  1  ;  Upholsterer,  1  ;  Varnisher,  1 ;  Veterinary  surgeon,  1 ; 
Watch  caser,  1 ;  Watchmaker,  1 ;  Wheelwright,  1 ;  Wood  en 
graver,  1 ;  Wool  sorter,  1.     Not  returned,  134. 


ROLL  OF  THE  REGIMENT.  231 

RECAPITULATION    OF  OFFICERS  AND  OTHERS 
FURNISHED  FOR  THE  WAR. 

The  Regiment  has  furnished  for  the  war,  1  Major  General ; 
2  Brigade  Surgeons  ;  1  Assistant  Surgeon  ;  1  Superintendent 
of  Hospital;  1  Chaplain;  3  Colonels;  1  Lieutenant  Colonel  of 
the  Staff;  4  Lieutenant  Colonels;  2  Majors ;.  2  Captains  of 
the  Staff ;  21  Captains  of  the  Line;  2  Adjutants;  3  Quarter 
masters  ;  69  Lieutenants  ;  1  Bandmaster  ;  4  Sergeant  Majors ; 
139  Sergeants  ;  47  Corporals  ;  4  Artificers  ;  2  Buglers  ;  3  Hos 
pital  Stewards  ;  1  Assistant  Government  Agent ;  1  Clerk  to 
Major  General ;  1  Clerk  to  Commissary  ;  1  Farrier ;  1  Aero 
naut  ;  4  Scouts  ;  1  Sutler  ;  1  Saddler  ;  1  Drummer ;  3  Wagoners  ; 
2  Hostlers  ;  1  Private  in  band  ;  and  158  Privates  : — to  the  ar 
my  of  the  United  States,  1  Captain  ;  4  Lieutenants,  and  1  As 
sistant  Paymaster : — to  the  Navy  of  the  United  States,  1  Lieu 
tenant  ;  1  Acting  Master ;  7  Master's  Mates ;  1  Lieutenant  in 
Marine  Corps  ;  1  Lieutenant  in  Naval  Brigade ;  1  Captain's 
Clerk ;  8  Seamen  ;  1  Landsman ;  1  Bandmaster,  4  Privates  in 
Band  and  2  Watchmen  at  Naval  School ;  1  Laborer  at  Navy 
Yard : — and  to  the  service  for  three  months,  1  Colonel ;  1  Lieu 
tenant  Colonel;  1  Major;  2  Adjutants;  9  Captains;  14  Lieu 
tenants;  1  Sergeant  Major;  18  Sergeants;  12  Corporals;  1 
Farrier  ;  and  33  Privates. 

NOTE.  1  Colonel,  1  Captain,  1  Lieutenant,  2  Sergeants,  and 
1  Private  killed — 1  Captain,  A  D  C  ;  1  Captain  ;  3  Lieutenants, 
1  Sergeant  Major,  1  Scout,  and  1  Sutler  resigned — 1  Chaplain, 
1  Lieutenant,  1  Sergeant,  2  Privates,  and  1  Seaman,  discharged, 
and  1  Sergeant,  1  Corporal  and  1  Private  deserted.  In  the 
three  months  service,  1  Lieutenant  Colonel,  1  Major,  1  Adju 
tant,  1  Captain,  resigned. 


APPENDIX  E. 


FINAL   PARADE. 

The  Light  Battery,  in  the  temporary  command  of  Lieut. 
Remington,  reached  Providence,  on  Wednesday,  July  31,  and 
its  members  were  welcomed  in  Railroad  Hall,  by  their  friends, 
on  Thursday  morning,  August  1.  They  were  addressed  by 
Hon.  Thomas  A.  Jenckes,  as  follows  : 

Lieutenant  Remington  and  Soldiers: — In  behalf  of  the  citizens 
of  Providence,  I  give  to  you  their  greeting.  They  had  hoped 
to  have  seen  you  on  Sunday,  with  the  regiment,  that  you  might 
have  felt  and  known  the  grandeur  and  sincerity  of  the  wel 
come  which  Rhode  Island  gives  to  her  returning  sons.  But  you 
were  detained  by  duty.  As  you  were  the  first  to  leave  us,  so 
you  are  the  last  to  return  to  us.  The  alacrity  with  which  you 
rushed  to  the  field  will  ever  be  the  joy  and  pride  of  your  lives, 
as  it  is  the  gratification  of  your  fellow-citizens.  I  well  remem 
ber  the  chagrin  of  the  New  Yorkers  when  the  echoes  of  their 
harbor  were  broken  by  a  battery  from  Rhode  Island,  and  the 
stillness  of  their  streets  by  the  march  of  a  regiment  from  Mas 
sachusetts,  while  as  yet  the  energies  of  their  great  city  had  but 
a  single  body  of  men  in  the  field,  in  answer  to  the  requisition 
of  the  President. 

From  the  time  you  left  us,  you  have  not  ceased  to  be  the  ob 
ject  of  our  most  anxious  interest.  We  have  been  with  you,  in 
spirit,  in  your  long  and  tedious  marches.  We  have  observed 
you  transferred  from  post  to  post,  from  commander  to  eomman. 
der,  from  this  tedious .  duty  to  that  harrassing  toil.  We  have 


FINAL    PARADE.  233 

marked  your  privations.  We  have  suffered  with  you  in  your 
disappointments.  We  know  of  your  wearisome  marches  and 
countermarches,  in  the  presence  of  a  wiley  foe.  We  know  that 
it  is  not  your  fault  that  you  have  not  covered  yourselves  with 
glory  on  the  field  of  battle.  You  are  not  to  blame  for  the  want 
of  capacity  or  of  patriotism  in  the  generals  who  were  placed 
over  you. 

Soldiers  of  the  Marine  Battery,  we,  as  citizens  of  the  State 
of  Rhode  Island,  are  proud  of  you ;  as  citizens  of  the  United 
States  of  America,  we  are  grateful  for  your  services  ;  and  now, 
to  you,  as  soldiers  of  the  republic,  about  to  return  and  resume 
your  duties  as  citizens,  we,  on  behalf  of  all  our  fellow-citizens, 
tender  our  most  cordial  welcome. 

He  was  followed  by  Col.  Burnside  in  a  brief  speech,  which 
was  most  enthusiastically  received.  He  regretted  the  separa 
tion  between  them  at  the  seat  of  war,  and  assured  them  of  his 
confidence  and  warm  regard.  He  thought  they  would  have 
been  better  satisfied  to  have  remained  and  taken  part  in  the 
battle  which  had  so  distinguished  the  regiments  from  Rhode 
Island.  Wherever  they  might  meet  hereafter,  the  kindest 
feelings  of  his  heart  would  be  with  them.  At  the  conclusion 
of  breakfast,  the  marines  were  escorted  back  to  their  armory  by 
the  Infantry,  who  in  turn  repaired  to  their  armory  and  were- 
dismissed. 

The  regiment  spent  the  remainder  of  the  day  in  drill  and 
parade.  At  the  close,  the  companies,  (with  the  exception  of 
F,  I,  and  K,  which  had  been  mustered  out  of  the  service  in  the 
afternoon),  were  drawn  up  in  Exchange  Place,  when  Adjutant 
Merriman  read  the  following  general  order. : 

HEADQUARTERS  IST  REG't  R.  I.  D.  M.  > 
Providence,  Aug.  1,  1861.          > 
General  Orders  No.  29. 

The  Colonel  commanding  the  First  Regiment  Rhode  Island 
Detached  Militia,  in  bidding  farewell  to  the  soldiers  who,  for 
20* 


234  APPENDIX   E. 

the  past  three  month?,  have  been  under  his  command,  takes  this 
occasion  to  express  his  satisfaction  with  the  conduct  of  the  offi 
cers  and  men  composing  the  regiment  during  their  season  of 
military  service.  The  brief  period  for  which  they  were  en 
rolled  has  afforded  an  opportunity  for  witnessing  all  the  aspects 
of  a  long  campaign.  Life  in  camp,  peaceful  parades,  fatiguing 
marches,  a  bloody  battle,  alternate  victory  and  defeat  have 
been  their  portion.  Yet,  in  whatever  position  they  have  been 
placed,  they  have  creditably  sustained  the  honor  of  the  State 
that  sent  them  forth.  They  have  won  for  themselves  an  envia 
ble  reputation  abroad,  and  the  certain  regard  of  their  fellow 
citizens  at  home. 

Upon  the  very  outset  of  their  career,  they  were  subjected  to 
the  disagreeable  necessity  of  a  tedious  journey  through  an  un 
friendly  territory.  Direct  communication  with  Washington, 
through  the  accustomed  channels,  had  been  interrupted,  and 
the  regiment  was  compelled  to  go  by  sea  from  New  York  to 
Annapolis.  A  march  of  twenty-two  miles  lay  before  them. 
Though  unaccustomed  to  duty  of  this  kind,  both  officers  and 
men  accepted  it  with  cheerfulness  and  engaged  in  it  with 
alacrity.  The  bivouac,  the  continued  march,  the  arrival  at 
"Washington  amid  the  greetings  of  the  citizens,  attested  the 
high  sense  of  duty  which  characterized  this  movement.  When 
the  regiment  went  into  quarters  at  the  Patent  Office,  it  was 
with  the  consciousness  of  fidelity  in  the  performance  of  a  per 
ilous  task  ;  the  feeling  of  satisfaction  that  the  point  of  danger 
had  been  reached,  and  a  readiness  to  accept  whatever  the  fu 
ture  might  have  in  store. 

The  life  in  camp  bore  the  same  characteristics.  Cheerful 
ness  in  obedience  to  orders,  promptness  in  response  to  the  call 
of  duty,  patient  endurance  of  discipline  and  hardship,  were 
evidences  of  the  character  of  men  who  were  willing  to  do  well 
for  the  country,  and  sacrifice  much  for  the  cause  in  which  they 
were  engaged.  The  favor  with  which  the  regiment  was  re 
garded  by  all  classes  of  the  citizens  of  Washington,  amply  tes- 


FINAL   PARADE.  235 

tifies  to  the  strong  hold  which  it  had  secured  upon  the  public 
sympathy  and  confidence. 

The  regiment  had  been  enrolled  for  the  defence  of  Washing 
ton  against  the  plots  of  treason  and  the  invasion  of  a  rebellious 
force.  Yet,  when  the  order  came  for  a  distant  expedition,  to 
attack  the  entrenchments  of  the  rebels  at  Harper's  Ferry,  the 
men  of  Rhode  Island,  true  to  their  instincts  of  loyalty,  did  not 
hesitate  to  obey.  Transferred  to  another  command,  they  were 
still  obedient  to  their  sense  of  duty.  The  toils  and  fatigues  of 
the  expedition  were  suffered  without  a  murmur.  The  march 
from  Greencastle  to  Williamsport,  exposed  to  the  hottest  rays 
of  a  midsummer  sun  ;  the  long,  almost  unprecedented  march 
from  Williamsport  to  Frederick  City,  were  tests  of  endurance 
bravely  met  and  borne,  and  the  regiment  returned  to  its  camp, 
with  even  a  better  reputation  than  it  had  before  sustained. 

The  term  of  enlistment  was  fast  drawing  to  a  close.  Three 
months,  in  fact,  had  well  nigh  expired  since  the  regiment  had 
left  its  home,  when  the  advance  into  Virginia  was  ordered. 
Still  faithful  to  its  first  grand  impulse,  the  1st  Rhode  Island 
Regiment  joined  its  comrades  in  the  ranks  of  the  great  army 
of  the  Union,  and  went  forward  to  battle.  The  silent  midnight 
preparation  and  departure,  the  long,  fatiguing  march  before  the 
daAvn  and  through  the  morning,  the  hotly  contested  fight, 
when  the  two  Rhode  Island  regiments  stood  shoulder  to  shoul 
der,  like  brothers  and  friends,  the  temporary  victory,  the  final 
defeat  and  disastrous  retreat  are  now  familiar  to  the  public 
mind.  The  Colonel  commanding  does  not  think  it  necessary 
to  dwell  upon  these  subjects.  They  are  now  matters  of  history. 
He  thinks  it  sufficient  to  say  to  the  regiment  and  to  the  public, 
that  in  all  these  transactions  and  events,  Rhode  Island  has  no 
cause  to  be  ashamed  of  her  sons.  He  desires  to  declare,  in  the 
most  emphatic  terms,  his  approbation  of  the  bearing  and  be 
haviour  of  his  whole  command.  He  wishes  also  to  express  his 
admiration  of  the  gallant  conduct  of  the  2d  Rhode  Island  Reg 
iment  while  under  his  temporary  direction.  He  remembers, 


236  APPENDIX  E. 

with  heartfelt  sorrow,  the  painful,  yet  glorious  death  of  Slocum, 
Ballou,  Tower,  Smith,  Prescott,  and  others,  in  both  our  regi 
ments,  who  fell  upon  the  battlefield  and  by  the  wayside.  Their 
bravery  commends  them  to  the  grateful  esteem  of  an  apprecia 
tive  public,  and  their  memory  will  be  cherished  in  the  hearts  of 
all  Rhode  Island  men. 

It  was  with  real  regret  that  the  Colonel  commanding,  a  few 
weeks  ago,  parted  with  the  1st  Battery  of  Light  Artillery,  and 
it  was  with  the  most  cordial  feeling  that,  yesterday,  he  welcomed 
its  return.  He  regards  with  an  honest  pride  the  effective  ser 
vice,  which  the  officers  and  men  composing  this  company  have 
rendered  to  the  regiment,  the  State,  and  the  country.  Always 
ready  at  the  call  of  duty,  prompt  and  brave  in  the  field,  they 
have  done  credit  to  themselves  and  honor  to  their  fellow-citi 
zens.  Though  not  permitted  to  participate  in  the  recent  dan. 
gers  and  duties  of  the  battlefield,  they  have  yet  been  active 
upon  other  scenes  of  service,  and  the  Colonel  commanding 
takes  this  opportunity  to  thank  them  for  their  efficiency,  fidelity 
and  courage. 

In  relinquishing  his  position,  the  Colonel  commanding  would 
express  his  thanks  to  his  Excellency  the  Governor  of  the  State 
of  Rhode  Island,  for  timely  aid  and  counsel,  for  an  unwearied 
support,  and  for  a  cordial  co-operation  with  every  plan  and 
purpose ;  to  the  people  of  the  State  for  their  kind  and  too  indul 
gent  appreciation  of  his  services,  and  for  their  repeated  and  un_ 
forgetful  acts  of  kindness ;  to  the  officers  of  the  field  and  stafl^ 
for  their  judicious  and  faithful  observance  of  his  wishes;  and 
to  all  the  officers  of  the  line  and  the  men  of  the  regiment,  for 
the  respect  and  affection  which  they  have  always  manifested 
towards  him.  A  kind  Providence  has  smiled  upon  our  ways, 
and  helped  us  in  our  works,  and  we  return  thanks  to  Almighty 
God  for  his  favor  towards  us  in  preserving  us  amid  dangers  and 
disease,  and  returning  us  in  safety  to  our  homes.  May  the  same 


FINAL    PARADE.  237 

Divine  love  encompass  us  in  all  our  future  hours,  and  at  last 
give  unto  us  an  eternal  peace. 

By  order  of 

A.  E.  BURNSIDE,  Col.  Com'g. 

C.  H.  MERRIMAN,  Adjutant. 

The  address  was  received  with  nine  hearty  cheers. 

The  Chaplain  of  the  regiment,  Rev.  Mr.  Woodbury,  then 
read  a  portion  of  the  Scriptures,  and  closed  with  prayer.  Chap 
lain  Quinn  then  made  a  short  and  effective  address.  Mr. 
Woodb-iry  pronounced  the  benediction,  the  band  played  Old 
Hundred,  and  the  regiment  was  dismissed. 

FINAL  ADDRESS    OF    COLONEL    BURNSIDE. 

At  a  special  session  of  the  General  Assembly  of  the  State  of 
Rhode  Island,  held  in  August,  1861,  resolutions  of  thanks  to 
Col.  Burnside,  and  the  regiment,  were  adopted  by  that  body 
and  transmitted  to  Col.  B.,  by  the  Governor,  in  compliance  with 
the  vote  of  the  Assembly.  Col.  Burnside  thereupon  issued  the 
following  address  : 

PROVIDENCE,  Aug.  22,  1862. 
To  the  Officers  and  Soldiers  of  the  First  Regiment  Rhode-Island 

Detached  Militia. 

COMRADES: — I  have  great  pleasure  in  transmitting  to  you, 
through  the  public  press,  the  resolutions  which  were  pass'ed,  at 
the  recent  session  of  the  General  Assembly  of  our  State,  and 
communicated  to  me  by  his  Excellency  the  Governor,  in  ac 
knowledgment  of  your  services  in  the  camp  and  the  field.  I 
feel  that  you  have  well  deserved  this  honor.  By  your  ready 
compliance  with  my  wishes,  and  your  prompt  obedience  to  my 
orders,  you  have  won  my  sincerest  esteem.  By  your  brave  en 
durance  of  fatigue,  hardship  and  peril,  and  by  your  gallantry 
upon  the  battle  field,  you  have  gained  the  grateful  regard  of 
your  fellow-citizens.  The  State,  acting  through  its  proper  au 
thorities,  recognizes  the  value  of  your  services,  and  places 


APPENDIX  E. 

among  its  archives  its  estimate  of  your  worth.  It  is  gratifying 
for  me  to  mention  that  his  Excellency  the  Governor,  has  uni 
formly  expressed  these  opinions  respecting  your  bearing,  and 
has  given  his  hearty  concurrence  to  my  arrangements  for  you 
in  the  camp,  upon  the  march,  and  in  the  dispositions  of  battle. 
I  address  these  few  words  to  you  upon  the  eve  of  my  depart 
ure  for  a  distant  scene  of  duty.  I  shall  bear  with  me  from 
this  State,  the  most  kindly  remembrances  of  the  generosity  and 
confidence  of  my  fellow-citizens.  Whatever  may  be  my  future 
fortunes,  and  wherever  my  future  career  may  be  led,  I  shall 
always  consider  it  as  among  the  highest  privileges  of  my  life, 
that  I  have  had  the  honor  to  command  the  FIRST  REGIMENT 
EIIODE  ISLAND  DETACHED  MILITIA. 

"RESOLUTION  of  thanks  to  Ambrose  E.  Burnside,  late  Colonel  of 
First  Regiment  Rhode  Island  Detached  Militia. 

Resolved,  That  the  thanks  of  the  General  Assembly  be,  and  the 
same  arc  hereby,  presented  to  Ambrose  E.  Burnside,  late  Colonel  of 
the  First  Regiment  Rhode  Island  Detached  Militia,  for  the  prompt 
and  patriotic  manner  in  which  he  tendered  his  services  to  his  adopted 
State  at  the  call  of  ourcoimtry  for  soldiers  to  protect  its  capital  and 
sustain  its  government  under  the  national  constitution;  for  Ins  assid 
uous  care  and  skillful  conduct  of  the  soldiers  of  this  State  placed 
under  his  charge;  and  for  the  skill  and  generalship  displayed  by  him 
upon  the  field  of  battle,  which,  we  are  pleased  to  learn,  has  been 
recognized  and  rewarded  by  the  national  government. 

Resolved,  That,  through  Col.  Burnside,  we  also  tender  the  thanks 
of  the  General  Assembly  to  the  officers  and  soldiers  of  his  command, 
who  volunteered  so  promptly  for  their  country's  service. 

Resolved,  That  the  General  Assembly  would  be  gratified  to  learn 
that  the  regiments  raised  by  this  State,'  for  the  service  of  the  national 
government,  were  to  be  placed  under  the  immediate  command  of 
General  Ambrose  E.  Burnside. 

Resoloed,  That  His  Excellency  the  Governor  be  requested  to  cause 
a  copy  of  these  resolutions  to  be  communicated  to  Colonel  Burnside, 
and  that  Colonel  Burnside  be  requested  to  communicate  the  same  to 
the  officers  and  soldiers  late  under  his  command. 


APPENDIX  F. 


THE    REGIMENTAL    COLORS. 

Previous  to  our  departure  from  Rhode  Island,  a  beautiful 
national  flag,  made  of  silk  and  ornamented  with  gold  fringe  and 
tassels,  was  presented  to  the  Regiment  by  the  ladies  of  Provi 
dence. 

The  correspondence  in  connection  with  this  presentation 
sufficiently  explains  itself. 

To  the  First  Regiment  Rhode  Island  Volunteers, 

from  the  Ladies  of  Providence: 

With  this  banner,  Rhode  Island  places  her  honor  in  your 
hands.  May  God  protect  you  in  your  noble  course.  God  save 
the  Union. 

Providence,  April  19th,  1861. 

Col.  Burnside  made  the  following  reply  : 

HEADQUARTERS  RHODE  ISLAND  MILITIA,  ) 
Providence,  April  19th,  1861.  > 

To  the  Ladies  of  Providence : 

I  know  the  gallant  men  I  carry  away  will  prove  themselves 
worthy  of  the  beautiful  banner  presented  to  them  by  you. 

We  are  fully  impressed  with  the  fact,  that  we  take  with  us 
your  most  fervent  prayers,  and  we  shall  constantly  feel  that 


240  THE   REGIMENTAL  COLORS. 

your  eyes  are  upon  us.     God  grant  that  "we  may  yet  see  the 
Union  out  of  danger.     Bidding  you  an   affectionate  farewell, 
and  thanking  you,  in  behalf  of  my  command,  for  your  kindness, 
I  am  ever  yours, 

A.  E.  BURNSIDE, 
Col.  1st  Regiment  K.  I.  D.  M. 


That  flag  was  carried  through  the  campaign,  and  received  at 
the  battle  of  Bull  Run  the  marks  of  eleven  bullets.  The  color 
sergeant  and  one  of  the  guard  were  wounded,  when  it  was 
taken  and  defended  by  private  Hamilton,  of  Company  F,  who 
brought  it  from  the  field.  It  is  now  in  possession  of  the  State. 
Other  flags  were  afterwards  presented  to  the  Regiment,  of 
which  I  am  enabled  to  append  a  brief  and  grateful  notice. 

After  the  commencement  of  the  war,  the  citizens  of  Rhode 
Island  resident  in  California  prepared  two  sets  of  colors  to  be 
presented  to  the  1st  and  2d  Regiments  of  their  native  State. 
Subsequent  to  the  return  of  the  First  Regiment  these  flags  were 
forwarded  to  Rhode  Island.  Those  designed  for  the  2d  Regi 
ment  were  sent  to  the  authorities  of  the  State ;  those  for  the 
1st  Regiment,  to  the  Mayor  of  the  city  of  Newport,  to  be  placed 
in  the  custody  of  the  color  company,  "  F,"  of  that  city.  The 
flags,  one  of  Rhode  Island,  as  a  regimental  flag,  and  one  of  the 
United  States,  were  among  the  most  beautiful  specimens  of  the 
kind.  They  were  of  silk,  embroidered  with  silver  and  silver 
mounted.  They  bore  the  inscription  : — "  Presented  by  Rhode 
Islanders  resident  in  California  to  the  First  Regiment  Rhode 
Island  Detached  Militia."  Hon.  Wm.  H.  Cranston,  Mayor  of 
Newport,  has  kindly  furnished  me  with  a  copy  of  the  following 
communication  which  accompanied  the  gift. 


•THE  REGIMENTAL  COLORS.  241 

SAN  FRANCISCO,  CALIFORNIA,     > 
August,  30th,  1861.  ) 

His  Honor  William  H.  Cranston,  Mayor  of  the  City  of  Newport: 
SIR  : — At  a  meeting  of  the  natives  and  citizens  of  Rhode 
Island  now  residents  of  California,  we,  the  undersigned,  were 
appointed  a  Committee  to  forward  to  your  Honor  a  set  of 
Regimental  Colors  for  the  First  Regiment,  R.  I.  D.  M.,  to  be 
by  you  presented  to  them  in  person,  as  a  token  of  our  esteem 
and  admiration  for  the  prompt,  noble  and  efficient  response 
made  by  them  to  the  patriotic  call  of  our  Country  to  fight  for 
Constitutional  liberty,  and  for  the  brave,  honorable  and  veteran- 
like  manner  in  which  they  have  performed  their  duties. 
Very  respectfully,  your  obedient  servants, 

WILLIAM  SHERMAN, 
E.  P.  PECKHAM, 
JAS.  N.  OLNEY, 

B,  H.  RANDOLPH, 

C.  Y.  S.  GIBBS. 

The  following  address,  signed  by  the  donors,  also  accom 
panied  the  standard : 

SAN  FRANCISCO,  August,  1861. 
To  the  Officers  and  soldiers  of  the 

First  Rhode  Island  Regiment,  D.  M. : 

BROTHERS  : — Although  we  are  distant  from  you  by  some 
thousands  of  miles,  we  are  still  loyal  American  citizens,  and 
are  neither  unmindful  of  the  honor  of  our  birthplace,  nor  in 
different  to  your  service  and  gallantry  in  behalf  of  the  com 
mon  cause.  Our  hearts  were  stirred  with  enthusiam  when  we 
read  here  of  the  promptness  with  which  our  native  State 
offered  her  thoroughly  appointed  Regiments,  in  the  critical 
hour,  for  the  protection  of  the  Capital.  They  swelled  with 
sacred  pride  when  we  followed  the  story  of  Rhode  Island's 
fidelity  and  discipline  on  the  retreat  from  Manassas,  and  saw 
21 


242  APPENDIX  F. 

Rhode  Island  names  gleaming  brightly  through  the  mists  that 
obscure  that  page  in  the  annals  of  our  righteous  war.  We 
pledge  to  you  our  sympathy,  and  confess  our  admiration,  and 
offer  our  gratitude  in  the  Flag  and  Standard  which  will  accom 
pany  this  letter.  They  are  the  cordial  gift  of  the  sons  of  Rhode 
Island,  residents  in  California. 

The  stars  and  stripes  are  our  colors  and  emblems  "by  the 
Pacific,  and  will  be  while  her  surf  beats  against  the  cliffs  of  the 
Golden  Gate. 

The  anchor  is  the  emblem  of  our  firm  devotion  to  the  cause 
for  which  you  have  periled  your  lives,  and  are  ready  still  to 
devote  your  treasure  and  your  blood.  We  know  that  you  will 
accept  them  with  a  full  response  to  the  spirit  in  which  they  are 
offered. 

Think  of  the  breadth  and  majesty  of  the  country  for  which 
you  have  unsheathed  your  swords  when  you  receive  these 
Colors.  If  you  take  them  into  battle,  make  a  new  vow  under 
them  to  the  Constitution,  which  diffuses  blessings  from  the 
coasts  of  New  England  to  the  shores  of  Oregon.  Pledge  your 
selves  more  deeply  against  the  treason  that  would  destroy  it. 
And  may  the  God  of  justice  and  of  battles  help  .and  protect 
you  in  our  common  struggle  for  Order,  Liberty  and  Law. 

N.  Porter,  W.  R.  Bourne, 

B.  H.  Randolph,  G.  W.  Gibbs, 

A.  J.  Gladding,  J.  B.  Newton, 

H.  L.  Davis,  L.  H.  Knowles, 

G.  M.  Almy,  Stephen  Smith, 

E.  C.  Angell,  F.  J.  B.  Thompson, 

Wm.  Sherman,  E.  B.  Gibbs, 

E.  F.  Childs,  J.  G.  Chappcll, 

Wm.  Norris,  A.  M.  Humphrey, 

A.  B.  Cranston,  O.  W.  Spencer, 
R.  J.  Stevens,  E.  W.  Burr, 

H.  D.  Cogswell,  E.  P.  Peckham, 

Chas.  E.  Hinckley,  C.  V.  S.  Gibbs, 

J.  F.  McKenzie,  Wm.  A.  Bateman, 

B.  C,  Harris,  Jr.,  Wm.  H.  Bovee, 


THE   REGIMENTAL  COLORS. 


243 


J.  N.  Olney, 

F.  J.  Lippitt, 
Jas.  R.  Richards, 
R.  M.  Sherman, 
Chas.  E.  Gibbs, 
H.  Pierson, 

J.  P.  Vernon, 
J.  H.  Slierman, 
L.  H.  Newton, 
B.  S.  Proctor, 
J.  H.  Spooner, 
B.  T.  Chase, 
H.  A.  Davis, 
E.  F.  Northam, 
R.  B.  Gray, 
Smith  Brown, 
M.  Smith, 
Isaac  Gibb, 
Wm.  A.  Church, 
Jas.  Burdick, 
J.  D.  Burdick, 

B.  W.  Arnold, 
S.  W.  Burdick, 

G.  N.  Briggs, 

E.  Culver, 
Edwin  Harris, 
Jas.  E.  Boycej 

C.  C.  Baker, 
Jas.  Elton, 
Wm.  Roberts, 
J.  Hammond, 

B.  Southorth, 
Geo.  T.  Pearce, 
W.  II  Montgomery, 

F.  A.  Gibbs, 
J.  Hammond, 

C.  Remington, 
S.  T.  Watson, 
Wm.  F.  Osborn, 

F.  A.  Olney, 

G.  H.  Pettus, 
J.  A.  Brown, 
C..  Burr, 


R,  B.  Williams, 
E.  Y.  Hathaway, 

E.  J.  Blanding, 
J.  D.  Coulter, 
H.  B.  Angell, 

A.  W.  Harris, 
Jas.  H.  Demarest, 

F.  M.  Hoxie, 
Arnold  Peirce, 
S.  A.  Wood, 
Chas.  Clark, 

B.  M.  Claflin, 
P.  T.  Smith, 

C.  Williston, 
Geo.  D.  Weaver, 
A.  W.  Pitts, 

A-  B.  Brown, 
E,  P.  Bucklin, 
S.  C.  Harding 

D.  W.  K.  Bokee, 
R.  P.  Handy, 
Wm.  Woodward, 
Win.  B.  Hubbai-a, 

E.  M.  Chapin, 
S.  C.  Welborn, 
S.  S.  Nickerson, 
C.  H.  Lapham, 
Charles  E.  K'nowles, 
J.  Simmons, 

A.  R.  Dyer, 
W.  F.  Allyn, 
J.  C.  Caswell, 
W.  Williston, 
Thos.  Corwrin, 
Wm.  Horr, 

B.  Claflin, 

A.  F.  Dyer, 
S.  Whipple, 

B.  C.  Allen, 

J.  A.  Salsbury, 
Wm.  B.  Kendrick, 
Chas.  S.  Leux, 
J.  Emerson, 


244 


APPENDIX  F. 


Chas.  Woodward, 
H.  T.  Burr, 
J.  B.  Taylor, 
J.  L.  Peck, 
M.  B.  Almy, 
Robert  Ray, 
Wm.  J.  Pettus, 
C.  H.  Dexter, 

C.  Hutchinson, 
Jno.  N.  Swan, 

D.  Sherman, 

D.  T.  Mathewson, 

E.  R.  Harris, 
L.  B.  Arnold, 
Robert  Cairns, 
M.  R.  Thurber, 
G.  Robinson, 
Ira  Merriman, 
W.  Smith, 

E.  W.  Barber, 
H.  Pettiplace, 
Wm.  R.  Keach, 
E.  P.  Lindsey, 
J.  Mathewson, 
E.  P.  Clark, 
H.  Garrison, 
W.  C.  Briggs, 
Chas.  Hopps, 
O.  D.  Sherman, 


R.  Sweet. 


S.  T.  Randall, 
Abel  Thornton, 
J.  N.  Olney,  Jr.,. 

E.  N.-Burlin,. 
R.  Card, 

H.  A.  Kcllcy, 
H.  B.  Porter, 
G.  S.  Hall, 
Abel  Wade, 
D.  Tafft, 
N.  J.  Pettiplace, 
J.  R.  Congdon, 
J.  R.  Matheson, 
B.  S.  Thornton, 
Francis  Pearce, 
A.  J.  Almy, 
J.  R.  Wilkinson, 
A.  T.  Law  ton, 
P.  A.  Cook, 
Jas.  E.  Boyce, 
Jas.  F.  Angell, 
J.  H.'  N.  Gardner, 
S.  Hendrickson, 
Chas.  Keeley, 
Jno.  J.  Gushing, 
N.  Crowell, 
Henry  Hull, 

F.  J.*B.  Thompson, 
Stephen  H.  Smith, 


On  Tuesday,  Oct.  29th,  1861,  the  flags  previously  received 
•were  presented,  with  appropriate  ceremonies,  by  Mayor  Cran 
ston  to  General  Burnside,  who  in  turn  presented  them  to  the 
members  of  Company  F,  which  was  paraded  for  their  recep 
tion.  Mayor  Cranston  delivered  a  very  earnest  and  eloquent 
address  on  the  occasion,  concluding  as  follows: 

"  Accept  this  offering— our  unconquered  and  unconquerable 
national  flag — and  this  State  Standard,  the  emblem  of  freedom 
for  more  than  t^vo  hundred  years — the  patriotic  and  cheerful 
gift  of  Rhode  Islanders  in  the  Eden  of  the  Pacific  to  you  their 


THE  REGIMENTAL  COLORS.        245 

Brothers  in  the  Eden  of  the  Atlantic.  Guard  them  sacredly 
and  well — carefully  preserve  and  affectionately  cherish  them ; 
if  necessary,  lay  down  your  lives  in  their  defence  against  for 
eign  invasion  or  domestic  insurrection,  and  yOur  reward  will 
be  the  gratitude  of  all  future  generations  of  honest  and  loyal 
men  on  earth — the  approbation  of  God,  and  eternal  felicity  in 
that  new  Paradise,  where  there  will  neither  be  wars  or  rumors 
of  wars,  and  where  the  King  of  Kings  and  the  Prince  of  Peace 
will  reign  Supreme  forever." 

General  Burnside  responded  in  a  neat  and  effective  address. 
After  acknowledging  the  kindness  of  the  patriotic  Californians, 
he  turned  to  the  members  of  Company  F,  and  said : 

"  With  you,  Company  F,  1  leave  these  colors.  For  their  pro 
per  keeping  I  need  give  you  no  charge.  You  have  been  trted, 
and  have  indeed  been  found  not  wanting.  Take  them,  accept 
them  as  a  part  of  the  history  of  the  1st  Rhode  Island  Regiment 
and  as  a  part  of  the  history  of  your  own  gallant  State,  and  as 
an  emblem  ot  the  glory  of  your  dearly  loved  country.  Love 
the  one  flag  and  revere  the  other.  Many  dark  hours  we  have 
already  passed  through,  and  many  more  are  yet  to  be  under 
gone.  But  let  no  man  of  us  all  falter  as  to  the  success  of  this 
glorious  cause.  In  all  our  work,  however  dangerous  or  ardu 
ous,  we  shall  be  followed  by  the  prayers  of  loved  friends  at 
home,  and  of  the  true  and  loyal  of  all  our  country,  and  of  the 
good  and  true  of  every  land.  The  Great  God  above  may 
chasten  us  in  His  wisdom,  but  rest  assured  He  will  never  for 
sake  us  in  His  justice. 

To  you,  Mr.  Mayor,  I  render  my  sincere  thanks  for  your 
kind  words  of  me.  They  are  indeed  precious  to  me.  The 
words  of  commendation  which  have  been  spoken  of  my  con 
duct  by  my  approving  fellow-citizens,  are  my  highest  reward. 
And  as  to  Company  F,  I  have  no  fears  but  they  will  do  as  they 
have  done  before — their  whole  duty.  Better  soldiers  never 
trod  the  soil  of  this  or  any  other  land.  Not  a  man  of  them 
21* 


246  APPENDIX   F. 

failed  to  execute  my  orders  to  the  letter.  Never  soldiers  did 
their  duty — their  whole  duty,  more  promptly  or  gallantly." 

Then  taking  one  flag  and  handing  it  to  Ensign  Hamilton, 
and  the  other  to  Ensign  DeBlois,  he  added : 

"  Take  these  beautiful  flags,  Company  F.  Take  them  and 
keep  them.  You  have  the  well-earned  right  to  keep  them. 
Twice  was  your  own  flag  stricken  down  in  the  field  of  battle,  and 
then  a  third  man  from  your  ranks  seized  it,  and  it  was  borne 
aloft  in  safety  from  the  field,  though  pierced  with  many  a  bullet." 

Then  turning  to  the  Mayor,  he  added  : 

"  And,  in  conclusion,  allow  me  to  thank  you  and  all  concerned 
in  this  presentation,  for  these  beautiful  gifts  to  Rhode  Island's 
First  and  gallant  Regiment." 

At  the  conclusion  of  General  Burnside's  remarks,  Captain 
Charles  E.  Lawton  came  upon  the  stage,  and  in  behalf  of  the 
Regiment,  offered  a  series  of  resolutions.  These  were  princi 
pally  in  answer  to  the  address  of  presentation  which  was  sent 
from  California. 

Whereas,  We  have  this  day  received  from  Rhode  Islanders 
residing  in  California,  a  set  of  splendid  Colors — the  American 
Flag  and  the  Standard  of  Rhode  Island, — being  as  they  have 
kindly  saidj  a  testimonial  of  their  appreciation  of  our  loyalty  to 
the  Constitution  and  the  Union,  as  well  as  the  promptness 
with  which  we  responded  to  the  call  of  the  Chief  Magistrate  of 
the  United  States  to  defend  the  Capital  at  the  time  of  its  most 
imminent  danger ;  therefore, 

Resolved,  That  we  fully  appreciate  the  loyalty  and  generosity 
of  our  brother  Rhode  Islanders  residing  in  California,  and  that 
in  gratefully  accepting  these  Colors,  we  assure  our  absent 
friends  that  we  will  guard  them  carefully  and  sacredly,  and 
protect  them,  on  all  occasions,  with  the  same  earnest  spirit  with 
which  we  endeavored  to  discharge  our  duty  to  our  Country, 
during  the  period  of  our  enlistment  in  the  volunteer  service 
of  the  United  States. 

Resolved,  That  we  return  our  sincere  thanks  to  our  liberal 
donors  for  these  Colors,  which  shall  never  be  disgraced  in  our 
hands ;  and  that  we  will  on  all  occasions  strive  to  merit  the 
praise  that  they  have  bestowed  upon,  and  the  confidence  that 
they  have  reposed  in  us ;  and  that  while  many  of  our  comrades 


THE  REGIMENTAL  COLORS.        247 

have  again  enlisted  in  the  service  of  their  Country,  we  are  also 
ready,  whenever  it  is  necessary,  to  encounter  the  enemy,  and 
discharge  our  whole  duty  for  the  preservation  of  the  Union. 

Resolved,  That  we  trust  that  we  may  always  be  entitled  to 
be  called  as  true  sons  of  Rhode  Island  and  as  sincere  patriots, 
as  are  our  brothers  on  the  Golden  shores  of  the  Pacific,  who, 
though  long  absent  from  home,  still  fondly  love  this  home  of 
their  early  years,  and  are  firmly  devoted  to  the  Union  of  these 
States  which  has  always  offered  a  hospitable  home  to  the  op 
pressed  of  all  nations. 

Resolved,  That  Gen.  A.  E.  Burnside,  our  late  beloved  Colo 
nel,  be  requested  to  send  a  copy  of  these  Resolutions  to  the 
Committee  of  the  donors  in  California. 

At  the  conclusion  of  their  reading,  Gen.  Burnside  stepped 
forward  and  put  them  to  vote  to  Company  F,  who  represented, 
in  this  case,  the  whole  Regiment.  They  were  unanimously 
adopted. 

The  ceremonies  ended  by  a  parade  of  Company  F  and  the 
Old  Guard  Newport  Artillery,  through  the  principal  streets  of 
the  city,  displaying  the  flags  which  had  been  presented.  The 
colors  are  now  in  possession  of  the  Mayor  of  Newport. 


APPENDIX  G. 

MISCELLANEOUS. 

The  law  of  the  State,  passed  by  the  General  Assembly, 
April  17th,  1861,  for  the  furnishing  of  the  quota  of  Rhode 
Island  for  the  militia  required  by  the  President  of  the  United 
States,  and  under  the  provisions  of  which  the  First  Regiment 
and  Battery  were  enlisted,  was  as  follows  : 

Whereas,  the  President  of  the  United  States  has,  by  procla 
mation  dated  April  15,  A.  D-  1861,  called  forth  the  militia  of 
several  States  of  the  Union,  to  the  aggregate  number  of  seven 
ty-five  thousand,  and  has  assigned  one  regiment  as  the  quota  of 
this  State : 
It  is  enacted  by  the  General  Assembly  as  folhivs  : 

Section  1.  The  commander-in-chief  is  hereby  authorized  to 
raise  by  detailing  from  the  chartered  companies  of  this  State, 
or  by  voluntary  enlistment,  or  by  draft,  so  many  regiments, 
battalions,  or  companies  of  troops  for  service  within  or  without 
this  State,  and  to  arm  and  equip  the  same,  as  in  his  opinion  the 
public  service  may  require,  or  as  have  been,  or  shall  be  called 
for  by  requisition  from  the  President  of  the  United  States  ;  the 
same  to  be  organized  as  prescribed  by  the  act  of  Congress  en 
titled  "  An  act  more  effectually  to  provide  for  the  national  de 
fence,  by  establishing  an  uniform  militia  throughout  the  United 
States,"  approved  May  8,  A.  D.  1792. 

Sec.  2.  The  Governor  shall  appoint  the  regimental  officers  ; 
the  Colonel  shall  enlist  a  Band,  subject  to  the  approval  of  the 
Governor. 

Sec.  3.  As  soon  as  the  troops  so  raised  are  formed  into  com 
panies,  each  company  shall  elect  one  captain,  one  lieutenant, 


MISCELLANEOUS.  249 

one  ensign,  four  sergeants,  four  corporals,  one  drummer,  one 
fifer,  by  the  major  vote  of  such  company,  the  commissioned 
officers  of  said  company  to  be  approved  and  commissioned  by 
the  Governor ;  and  their  relative  rank  shall  be  determined  by 
lot. 

Sec.  4.  The  non-commissioned  staff,  and  the  non-commis 
sioned  officers  of  companies  shall  receive  warrants  from  the 
colonel,  and  vacancies  shall  be  filled,  if  of  a  company  officer, 
by  an  election  by  the  company ;  if  of  a  field  officer,  by  the 
Governor  5  if  of  an  officer  of  the  regimental  staff,  by  the  colo 
nel. 

Sec.  5.  All  commissions  issued  in  pursuance  of  this  act  shall 
remain  in  force  from  the  time  the  engagements  are  taken  there 
on,  and  as  long  as  the  persons  holding  the  same  shall  remain 
in  the  service  of  the  United  States  ;  and  if  any  officer  of  the 
militia  of  this  State  now  in  commission  shall  accept  a  commis 
sion  under  this  act,  he  shall,  at  the  end  of  his  service,  be  restored 
to  the  same  position  and  rank  held  by  him  when  he  accepted 
such  position. 

Sec.  6.  All  officers,  non-commissioned  officers  and  privates, 
raised  in  pursuance  of  this  act,  shall  receive  the  same  pay, 
allowances  and  emoluments  as  are  now  allowed  to  those  of  the 
same  grade  in  the  army  of  the  United  States,  from  the  date  of 
their  commissions  or  enrollments  to  the  time  they  shall  be  mus 
tered  into  the  service  of  the  United  States,  during  which 
period  they  shall  be  subject  to  the  orders  of  the  commander- 
m-chief ;  and  in  addition  to  said  pay,  the  non-commissioned 
officers,  privates  and  musicians  shall  receive,  as  bounty,  the  sum 
of  twelve  dollars  per  month  during  their  service,  which  shall 
be  paid  monthly  in  advance,  upon  their  orders,  by  the  Paymas 
ter  General. 

Sec.  7.  The  troops  which  may  be  raised  under  this  act  shall 
be  armed,  clothed,  equipped,  provisioned  and  furnished  as  may 
be  necessary  and  proper  for  service,  at  the  expense  of  this 
State,  until  mustered  into  the  service  of  the  United  States; 
and  the  Governor  is  hereby  authorized  to  draw  on  the  General 
Treasurer  for  all  sums  necessary  to  defray  the  expenses  in 
curred  under  this  act ; :  and  the  General  Treasurer  is  hereby 
directed  to  pay  the  same  out  of  any  money  in  the  treasury  not 
otherwise  appropriated. 

Sec.  8.  This  act  shall  take  effect  from  and  after  the  passage 
thereof. 


250  APPENDIX    G. 

The  following  resolution  and  act  were  passed  on  Thursday, 
April  18th,  1861,  after  which  the  General  Assembly  adjourned  : 

Resolved,  That  the  Paymaster  General  be,  and-  he  hereby  is, 
directed  to  pay  to  the  order  of  each  of  the  commissioned  offi 
cers  of  the  regiment  of  troops  which  has  been  raised;  and  is 
about  to  depart  in  answer  to  the  requisition  of  the  President  of 
the  United  States,  a  sum  of  money  equal  to  one  month's  pay, 
according  to  the  laws  of  the  United  States. 

It  is  enacted  by  the  General  Assembly  as  folloivs: 

Section  1.  In  addition  to  the  officers  authorized  by  the  act 
to  which  this  is  in  addition,  there  shall  be  a  second  surgeon's 
mate  in  the  staff  of  each  regiment,  to  be  appointed  by  the 
Governor,  and  one  second  lieutenant  to  each  company,  who 
shall  be  elected  by  such  company.  Such  officers  shall  be  coin- 
missioned,  and  shall  be  entitled  to  the  pay  and  allowances  pro 
vided  by  said  act  for  surgeons'  mate  and  lieutenant. 

Section  2.  The  Governor  is  authorized  to  commission  such 
officers  for  any  company  of  artillery  as  he  may  deem  necessary, 
who  shall  be  entitled  to  the  pay  and  allowances  of  officers  of 
like  grades  provided  by  the  act  to  which  this  is  in  addition. 

Section  3.  This  act  shall  take  effect  from  and  after  its  pas 
sage. 

All  the  above  were  introduced  by  W.  P.  Sheffield,  Esq.,  of 
Newport.  In  this  connection,  I  may  be  allowed  to  state,  that 
the  Regiment  was  greatly  indebted,  at  different  times  during 
the  summer,  to  Messrs.  Sheffield,  Brown,  Robinson  and  Bray- 
ton,  of  Rhode  Island  ;  Hon.  C.  H.  Van  Wyckrof  New  York, 
and  E.  H.  Rollins,  of  New  Hampshire,  of  the  U.  S.  House  of 
Representatives,  and  Messrs.  Anthony  and  Simmons,  of  the  U, 
S.  Senate,  for  franking  and  supplies  of  stationery. 

THE  EXPENDITURES  OF  THE  REGIMENT. 

The  Quartermaster  General  of  the  State,  in  making  report 
of  the  expenses  of  the  State  for  carrying  on  the  war,  under 
date  of  January  27,  1862,  makes  the  following  statement  rela 
tive  to  the  First  Regiment  and  Battery : 


MISCELLANEOUS.  251 

Supplies  furnished  the  First  Rhode  Island  Regiment  and 
First  Battery  Light  Artillery  : 

Clothing $24,525  25 

Blankets    6,024  12 

Hats  and  Caps 3,603  56 

Shoes. . . . . 2,689  96 

Camp  Equipage 4,050  51 

Equipments 10,412  .49 

Subsistence 73,589  80 

Quarters 1,986  36 

Local  and  Special  Transportation 3,125  77 

Transportation 40,077  90 

Arms 6,262  18 

Ammunition 1,507  86 

Contingent  Expenses 3,461   14 

Medical  Department 1,48673 

Horses 17,670  00 

Harnesses  and  Horse  Equipments 2,067  42 

Forage 823   74 

Wagons 2,202  50 

•Stationery  and  Blank  books 50  7  36 

Materials  for  Battery .,684  89 

$206,760  14 
To  this  amount  are  to  be  added, 

'Bounty  to  officers  1st  Regiment  and  Battery 7,336  15 

"         men                 "                     "           44,232  00 


Total  Expenses $258,328  29 

The  explanation  is  added  :  "  The  excess  of  expenditure  in 
arming,  transporting  and  subsisting  the  First  Regiment  and 
Battery  over  that  of  any  other,  must  be  attributed,  in  part,  to 
the  hurried  manner  of  their  organization,  and  in  part  to  the 
great  outlay  for  subsistence,  (the  United  States  not  being  in 
condition  to  furnish  it,)  while  they  were  in  Washington."  In 
justice  to  the  Regiment  it  should  also  be  stated,  that  a  portion 
of  the  subsistence  account  should  be  charged  to  the  Second 
Regiment,  inasmuch  as  the  two  regiments,  while  encamped 
together,  were  furnished  from  the  same  commissary  stores- 


252  APPENDIX  a. 

Considerable  deductions  are  to  be  made  from  the  items,  "  equip 
ments,"  "  arms,"  "  horses,"  "  harness  and  horse  equipments"  and 
"  wagons,"  as  the  largest  portion  of  these  was  returned  to  the 
State.  Immediately  previous  to  the  departure  of  the  regiment 
from  Washington,  all  the  muskets  in  its  possession,  (which 
were  of  a  superior  quality,  being  "  Minie  rifled,")  were  ex 
changed,  piece  for  piece,  for  the  "  smooth  bore"  muskets  of  the 
Second  Regiment,  and  these  latter  were  brought  home  and  de 
posited  with  the  State  authorities.  A  considerable  amount  of 
"  clothing" — "  hats  and  caps,"  "  blankets"  and  "  shoes," — were 
turned  over  to  the  Second  Regiment,  when  the  First  Regiment 
left  Washington,  and  all  the  guns,  horses,  and  equipments  of 
the  First  Battery  were  transferred  to  the  Second.  It  is  no 
more  than  proper,  also,  to  state  that  the  allowance  for  clothing 
and  transportation,  (in  the  latter  case  amounting  to  twenty- 
three  days's  pay,  a  sum  of  $15,000)  was  relinquished  by  the 
officers  and  men  in  behalf  of  the  State.  In  judging  of  the  ex 
penditures  for  the  regiment,  the  above  facts  are  to  be  con 
sidered. 
THE  UNION  ARMY  AT  THE  BATTLE  OF  BULL  RUN. 

FIRST    DIVISION. 

Brigadier  General  Daniel  Tyler,  Connecticut  Militia,  com 
manding. 

First  Brigade. 

Colonel  E.  D.  Keyes,  Eleventh  Infantry,  U.  S.  A.,  com 
manding. 

First  Regiment  Connecticut  Volunteers. 

Second  Regiment  Connecticut  Volunteers. 

Third  Regiment  Connecticut  Volunteers. 

Second  Regiment  Maine  Volunteers. 

Captain  Varian's  Battery  of  New  York  Eighth  Regiment 

Company  B,  Second  Cavalry ,U.  S.  A. 
Second  Brigade. 

Brig,  Gen.  R.  Schenck,  Ohio  Volunteers,  commanding. 

First  Regiment  Ohio  Volunteers. 

Second  Regiment  Ohio  Volunteers. 

Second  llefflmcnt  New  York  Volunteers. 

Company  E,  Second  Artillery,  light  battery.. 


MISCELLANEOUS.  253 

Third  Brigade. 

Colonel  William  T.  Sherman,  Thirteenth  Infantry,  U.  S.  A. 
commanding. 

Sixty-ninth  Regiment  New  York  Militia. 
Seventy-ninth  Regiment  New  York  Militia. 
Thirteenth  Regiment  New  York  Volunteers. 
Second  Regiment  Wisconsin  Volunteers. 
Company  E,  Third  Artillery,  U.  S.  A.,  light  battery. 

Fourth  Brigade. 

Colonel  J.  B.  Richardson,  Michigan  volunteers,  commanding. 
Second  Regiment,  Michigan  Volunteers. 
Third  Regiment  Michigan  Volunteers. 
First  Regiment  Massachusetts  Volunteers. 
Twelfth  Regiment  New  York  Volunteers, 

SECOND    DIVISION. 

Colonel  David  Hunter,  Third  Cavalry,  U.  S.  A.,  commanding 
First  Brigade. 

Colonel  Andrew  Porter,  Sixteenth  Infantry,  U.  S.  A.,  com 
manding. 

Battalion  of  Infantry,  Second,  Third  and  Eighth  Regi 
ments,  U.  S.  A, 

Eighth  Regiment  New  York  Militia. 

Fourteenth  Regiment  New  York  Militia. 

Squadron  Second  Cavalry,  U.  S.  A.,  Companies  G  and  L. 

Company  Fifth  Artillery,  U.  S.  A.,  light  battery. 

Second  Brigade. 

Colonel  A.  E.  Burnside,  Rhode  Island  Volunteers,  com 
manding. 

First  Regiment  Rhode  Island  Detached  Militia. 
Second  Regiment  Rhode  Island  Volunteers. 
Seventy-first  Regiment  New  York  Militia. 
Second  Regiment  New  Hampshire  Volunteers. 
Battery  of  light  artillery,  Second  Rhode  Island  Regiment. 

THIRD   DIVISION. 

Colonel  S.  P.  Heintzelman,  Seventeenth  Infantry,  U.  S.  A., 
commanding. 

2.2 


254  APPENDIX   G. 

First  Brigade. 

Colonel  W.  B.  Franklin,  Twelfth  Infantry,  U.  S.  A.,  com 
manding. 

Fourth  Regiment  Pennsylvania  Militia.* 
Fifth  Regiment  Massachusetts  Militia. 
First  Regiment  Minnesota  Volunteers. 
Company  E,  Second  Cavalry,  U.  S.  A. 
Company  I,  First  Artillery,  U.  S.  A.,  light  battery. 

Second  Brigade. 

Colonel  O.  B.  Wilcox,  Michigan  Volunteers,  commanding. 
First  Regiment  Michigan  Volunteers. 
Eleventh  Regiment  New  York  Volunteers. 
Company  D,  Second  Artillery,  U.  S.  A.,  light  battery. 

Third  Brigade. 

Colonel  O.  O.  Howard,  Maine  Volunteers,  commanding. 
Third  Regiment  Maine  Volunteers. 
Fourth  Regiment  Maine  Volunteers. 
Fifth  Regiment  Maine  Volunteeis. 
Second  Regiment  Vermont  Volunteers, 

RESERVE — FOURTH    DIVISION. 

Brigadier  General  Theo.  Runyon,  New  Jersey  Militia,  com 
manding. 

First  Regiment  New  Jersey  Militia,  three  months  volunteers. 
•Second  Regiment  New  Jersey  Militia,  three  months  volun- 
:  teers. 

Third  Regiment  New  Jersey  Militia,  three  months  volun- 
.  teers. 

'Fourth  Regiment  New  Jersey  Militia,  three  months  volun 
teers. 

First  Regiment  New  Jersey  Militia,  three  years  volunteers. 

Second  Regiment  New  Jersey  Militia,  three  years  volunteers. 

.Third  Regiment  New  Jersey  Militia,  three  years  volunteers. 

FIFTH    DIVISION. 

Colonel  D.  S.  Miles,  Second  Infantry,  U.  S.  A.,  commanding. 

First  Brigade. 
Colonel  Blenker,  New  York  Volunteers,  commanding. 

*Left  CentreFille  on  the  morning  of  July  21,  for  Washington. 


MISCELLANEOUS.  255 

Eighth  Regiment  New  York  Volunteers. 
Twenty-ninth  Regiment  New  York  Volunteers. 
Garibaldi  Guard. 
Twenty-fourth  Regiment  Pennsylvania  Volunteers. 

Second  Brigade. 

Colonel  Davies,  New  York  volunteers,  commanding. 
Sixteenth  Regiment  New  York  Volunteers. 
Eighteenth  Regiment  New  York  Volunteers. 
Thirty-first  Regiment  New  York  Volunteers. 
Thirty-Second  Regiment  New  York  Volunteers. 
Company  G,  Second  Artillery,  U.  S.  A.,  light  battery. 

General  McDowell's  Staff  consisted  of  the  following  gen 
tlemen  : 

Captain  James  B.  Fry,  U.  S.  A.,  Assistant  Adjutant  General 

Lieutenant  II.  W.  Kingsbury,  U.  S.  A.,  Aide  de  Camp. 

Major  Clarence  S.  Brown,  New  York  State  Militia,  Aide  de 
Camp. 

Major  James  S.  Wadsworth,  New  York  State  Militia,  Aide 
de  Camp. 

Major  W.  H.  Wood,  U.  S.  A.,  Inspector  General. 

Major  J.  G.  Barnard,  U.  S.  A.,  Engineer. 

Lieutenant  F.  E.  Prime,  U.  S.  A.,  Engineer. 

Captain  A,  W.  Whipple,  U.  S.  A.,  Topographical  Engineer. 

Lieutenant  Henry  L.  Abbott,  U.  S.  A.,  Topographical  En 
gineer. 

Lieutenant  Handimand  S.  Putman,  U.  S.  A.,  Topographical 
Engineer. 

Captain  0  H.  Tillinghast,  U.  S.  A.,  Assistant  Quartermaster. 

Captain  H.  F.  Clark,  U.  S.  A.,  Commissary. 

Surgeon  W.  S.  King,  U.  S.  A. 

Assistant  Surgeon,  David  L.  Magruder,  U.  S.  A. 


256  APPENDIX  G. 

THE  REBEL  FORCES  AT  THE  BATTLE 
OF  BULL  RUN. 

FIRST   DIVISION,  AT  UNION  MILLS. 

First  Brigade. 

Brigadier  General  Richard  S.  Ewell,  commanding. 
Four  Regiments,  supposed  to  be 

Fifth  Regiment  Alabama  Volunteers,  Colonel  Rhodes. 

Sixth  Regiment  Alabama  Volunteers,  Colonel  Siebels. 

Thirteenth  Regiment  Alabama  Volunteers,  Lieut.  Colonel 
O'Hara. 

Twelfth  Regiment  Mississippi  Volunteers,  Colonel  Griffith. 

Second  Brigade. 

Brigadier  General  Theophilus  P.  Holmes,  commanding. 
Second  Regiment  Tennessee  Volunteers. 
First  Regiment  Arkansas  Volunteers. 
Battery  of  Artillery,  6  pieces,  Captain  Lindsey  Walker. 
Company  of  Cavalry,  Captain  Scott. 

SECOND   DIVISION,    ON    THE   LEFT    OF    THE    FIRST   DIVISION. 

First  Brigade. 

Brigadier  General  David  R.  Jones,  commanding. 

Fifth  Regiment  South  Carolina  Volunteers,  ColonelJenkins. 

Eighteenth  Regiment  Mississippi  Volunteers,  and  three  other 
Regiments,  with 

Two  Batteries  of  Artillery,  eight  peices,   Captains  Albcrtis 
and  Stanwood. 

Second  Brigade. 

Colonel Early,  commanding. 

Seventh  Regiment  Virginia  Volunteers,  Col.  Kemper. 

Seventh  Regiment  Louisiana  Volunteers,  Colonel  Hay. 

Thirteenth  Regiment  Mississippi  Volunteers,  Colonel  Barkes- 
dale. 

THIRD  DIVISION,  AT   BLACKBURN'S   AND   MITCHELL'S  FORDS. 

First  Brigade. 

Brigadier  General  Longstreet,  commanding. 
First  Regiment  Arirginia  Volunteers,  Major  Skinner. 
Eleventh  Regiment  Virginia  Volunteers,  Colonel  Garland. 


MISCELLANEOUS.  257 

Twenty-fourth  Regiment  Virginia  Volunteers,  Lieut.  Colo 
nel  Hairston. 

Seventeenth  Regiment  Virginia  Volunteers,  Colonel  Corse. 

Fifth  Regiment  North  Carolina  Volunteers.  Lieut,  Colonel 
Jones. 

One  Battery  of  Artillery,  Colonel  Pendleton. 

One  Company  of  Cavalry,  Captain/VVhitehead. 

Second  Brigade. 

Brigadier  General  T.  J.  Jackson,  commanding. 

Fourth  Regiment  Virginia  Volunteers,  Colonel  Preston. 

Fifth  Regiment  Virginia  Volunteers,  Colonel  Harper. 

Second  Regiment  Virginia  Volunteers,  Colonel  Allen. 

Twenty-seventh  Regiment  Virginia  Volunteers,  Lieut.  Colo 
nel  Eehols. 

Thirty-third  Regiment  Virginia  Volunteers,  Colonel  Cuin- 
rnings. 

FOURTH  DIVISION,  IN  THE    REAR   OF    THE  FORDS  AND  STONE 
BRIDGE  AND  ON  TURNPIKE. 

First  Brigade. 

Brigadier  General  Bonham,  commanding. 

Second  Regiment  South  Carolina  Volunteers,  Colonel  Ker- 
shaw. 

Eighth  Regiment  South  Carolina  Volunteers,  Colonel   Cash. 

Third  Regiment  South  Carolina  Volunteers,  Colonel  Wil 
liams. 

Seventh  Regiment  South  Carolina  Volunteers,  Colonel  Bacon. 

Eleventh  Regiment  North  Carolina  Volunteers,  Colonel  Kirk- 
land. 

Eighth  Regiment  Louisiana  Volunteers,  (six  companies). 

Two  Batteries,  1  section  of  Artillery,  Captains  Shields  and 
Kemper,  and  Lieut.  Garnett. 

Three  Companies  of  Cavalry. 

Second  Brigade. 
[Between  Stone  Bridge  and  Sudley.] 

Brigadier  General  Barnard  E.  Bee,  commanding. 

Second  Regiment  Mississippi  Volunteers,  Colonel  Falkner, 

Fourth  Regiment  Alabama  Volunteers,  Colonel  E.  J.  Jones. 

Sixth  Regiment  North .  Carolina  Volunteers,  Colonel  Fisher, 
joined  at  noon. 


258  APPENDIX  G. 

Eleventh  Regiment  Mississippi  Volunteers. 
One  Battery  of  Artillery,  4  pieces,  Captain  J.  B.  Imboclen. 
One  Battery  of  Artillery,  two  companies,  1$  pieces,  Major 
Walton. 

Third  Brigade. 

Colonel  Bartow,  commanding. 

Seventh  Regiment  Georgia  Volunteers,  Colonel  Gartrel. 
Eighth  Regiment  Georgia  Volunteers. 

FIFTH   DIVISION,  IN  REAR  OF  STONE  BRIDGE,  TURNPIKE  AND 
SUDLEY. 

First  Brigade. 
Brigadier  General  P.  St.  G.  Cocke,  commanding. 

Nineteenth  Regiment  Virginia  Volunteers,  Lieut.  Colonel 
Strange. 

Eighteenth  Regiment  Virginia  Volunteers,  Colonel  Withers. 

Eighth  Regiment  Virginia  Volunteers,  (seven  companies). 

Forty-ninth  Regiment  Virginia  Volunteers,  (three  compa 
nies),  Colonel  W,  Smith. 

Twenty-eighth  Regiment  Virginia  Volunteers,  Col,  Preston. 

Hampton  Legion. 

One  Battery  of  Artillery,  Captain  Rogers. 

Two  companies  of  Cavalry. 

Second  Brigade. 

Brigadier  General  E.  K.  Smith,  commanding.— [Who  was 
shot,  and  succeeded  by  Colonel  Arnold  Elzey.] 

Third  Regiment  Tennessee  Volunteers,  Colonel  Vaughn. 
First  Regiment  Maryland  Volunteers,  Colonel  Stewart. 
Tenth  Regiment  Virginia  Volunteers^  Colonel  Gibbons. 
One  Battery  of  Artillery,  (four  pieces),  Lieutenant  Be*'?? with. 

Third  Brigade] 
[At  Sudley.] 

Colonel  Evans,  commanding. 

Fourth  Regiment  South  Carolina  Volunteers,  Colonel  Sloan. 
One  Battalion  of  Louisiana  Volunteers,  Major  Wheat. 
One  Section  of  Artillery,  Lieutenant  Leftwitch. 


MISCELLANEOUS.  259 

Besides  these  forces,  known  to  be  present  in  the  battle,  or 
near  the  scene  of  action,  there  were  in  different  parts  of  the 
field,  Stuart's  Cavalry ;  2  pieces  of  Artillery,  under  Lieuten 
ant  Stanard,  1  Battery,  4  pieces,  under  Captain  Latham,  and 
1  Battery,  4  pieces,  under  Captain  Heaton ;  1  Brigade  of  In 
fantry  under  Colonel  Wilcox  and  1  Regiment  of  Infantry,  un 
der  Colonel  Hill.  All  these  troops  were  engaged,  with  the 
exception  of  Ewell's  and  Wilcox's  Brigades.  1  have  prepared 
the  above  statement  from  General  Beauregard*s  official  report. 
Other  troops  were  on  the  rail  roads  leading  to  Manassas  and 
arrived  there  on  the  night  of  July  21,  and  two  or  three  succes 
sive  days.  There  was  a  considerable  force  at  Manassas  Junc 
tion,  holding  the  entrenchments  for  the  rebels  to  fall  back  upon, 
if  defeated. 


ADDENDA  TO  APPENDIX  C.  AND  D. 
GEORGE  CARPENTER,  of  Company  D.,  was  born  in  Sce- 
konk,  Mass.,  in  the  year  1832.  He  was  a  comb  maker  by 
occupation,  but  for  several  years  past  he  had  paid  considerable 
attention  to  the  study  of  the  fine  arts,  in  which  he  had  shown 
decided  manifestations  of  taste  and  skill.  He  enlisted  in  the 
regiment  immediately  upon  its  formation,  and,  throughout  the 
campaign  bore  himself  as  a  most  exemplary  man  and  a  brave 
and  high  spirited  soldier.  He  was  wounded  in  the  battle  of 
Bull  Run,  July  21,  1861,  but  returned  with  the  regiment  to 
Washington,  and  afterwards  to  his  home  in  Seekonk.  Upon 
his  recovery  he  was  again  induced  to  enter  the  service  under 
Capt.  N  W.  Brown,  who  had  been  appointed  Colonel  of  the 
3d  Regiment.  Mr.  Carpenter  was  commissioned  as  Lieutenant 
Oct.  9,  1861 ,  and  received  the  appointment  of  Quartermaster. 
He  continued  faithfully  to  perform  the  duties  of  this  office  until 
stricken  by  disease,  which  proved  fatal.  He  died  at  Fort  Sew- 
ard,  Bay  Point,  S.  C.  June  28,  1862.  He  was  a  young  man  of 
the  finest  qualities  of  character,  and  his  memory  is  cherished  by 
his  surviving  comrades  as  that  of  an  honorable  man,  a  faithful 
friend,  and  a  fearless  soldier. 


260  MISCELLANEOUS. 

DANIEL  A.  Boss,  of  Co.  F,  was  born  in  Newport,  in  the 
year  1841.  He  passed  through  the  campaign  of  the  first  regi 
ment  creditably  to  himself,  and  upon  the  formation  of  the  4th 
Regiment,  he  decided  to  follow  his  old  commander,  Capt.  Tew, 
once  more  to  the  field.  He  went  with  his  regiment  to  North 
Carolina,  and  contracted  there  a  disease  which  terminated  his 
life  at  Beaufort,  some  time  in  June,  1862. 

CHRISTOPHER  C.  RHODES  was  a  member  of  Company  G,  in 
which  he  enlisted  at  the  beginning  of  the  war.  He  returned 
with  the  regiment,  afterwards  became  ill,  and  died  at  Boston, 
Mass.,  July  28,  1862,  aged  31  years. 

Page  lt>  4.  "Daniel  L.  Arnold,"  should  be  placed  under 
"  Company  H." 

The  corrections  in  Appendix  D,  are  made  mostly  from  in 
formation  obtained  since  the  former  sheets  passed  through  the 
press. 

Page  181.    James  F.  Davison  has  been  promoted  to  corporal. 

Tage  1&3.  In  casualties,  read  "  Avoundcd,  taken  prisouer  aiid  since 
died,7'  1. 

Page  191.    Lewis  Richmond  has  been  promoted  to  Eieut.  Colonel. 

Page  192.    James  0.  Swan  has  been  promoted  to  Com.  Sergeant. 

Page  193.  Col.  N.  W.  Brown's  resignation  was  not  accepted  by 
Gen.  Hunter,  commander  of  the  Department  of  the  South,  as  Col. 
B.'s  services  were  considered  too  valuable  to  be  dispensed  with,  and 
he  consequently  remains  in  command  of  the  Third  Regiment. 

Page  191.    George  Carpenter  died  at  Fort  Seward,  S.  C.,  June,  28, 

Page  209.    Chris'r.  C.  Rhodes,  died  at  Boston,  Mass.,  July  28, 18(32. 

Page  218.  Henry  H.  Remington,  died  at  Providence,  Aug.  28, 1861. 
"  William  Sheep,"  should  read'"  William  Sherp." 

Pages  218  and  219.  "3d  Regiment,  R.  I.  V."  and  "  1st  Regiment, 
E.  I  H.  A,"  should  read  "3d  Regiment  R.  I.  H.  A." 

Page  219.  At  bottom,  read  "  20  privates,  and  "10  privates"  for 
"  18  privates"  and  "  12  privates."  Add  "  To  the  Army  of  the  Uni 
ted  States,  1  Lieutenant." 

Page  220.    Strike  out— ("  Liout.  Colonel")— after  "John  A.  Allen." 

Page  223.  Nathan  B.  Vibbert  is  sergeant  in  3d  Regiment,  R.I.  II. 
A.  Robert  J.  Williams  has  deserted.  In  casualties,  add,  "  Died  in 
service  2."  In  note,  add  1  Lieutenant,  1  Sergeant  killed,  1  Corporal 
deserted. 

sick,  taken  prisoner  and  died  1 ; 


m Page  225.    In  casualties,  add,  " 
disabled  in  service,  2.    Total  82." 


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